绕丝筛管高压充填防砂井失效原因及对策

绕丝筛管高压充填防砂工艺是目前孤东油田应用最多、成功率最高的防砂工艺,但有些油井在采用绕丝筛管高压充填防砂后,短时间内供液能力变差,产液量下降,严重影响该油田的开发效益。分析认为,绕丝筛管高压充填防砂井失效是由砂桥被破坏、砾石粒径与地层砂不匹配及施工参数不合适造成充填砂体及绕丝筛管堵塞造成。提出了以下防治措施:采用托砂皮碗防止砂桥被破坏,优化砾石粒径,研制新型携砂液,优化生产参数,评估油井生产能力。该油田采取以上防治措施后,维持了油井的供液能力,延长了防砂有效期。      

哈特曼声波发生器在出砂井解堵中的室内实验与应用

一些出砂井在生产过程中,由于化学防砂效果较差及机械防砂有效期短等原因,极易造成近井地带和井底堵塞。针对该问题,提出了声波解堵与绕丝筛管防砂相结合的方法,即绕丝筛管防砂与声波解堵同步进行。设计了一套油层模拟器,并利用它模拟了地层堵塞和哈特曼声波发生器解堵的实验过程。研究结果表明,出砂井生产时存在着极限压力和极限产量,超出该极限值,地层会严重出砂,造成井底和近井地带堵塞;声波解堵后,相对于污染地层的渗透率恢复程度最高达到了336．92％,相对于原始地层的渗透率恢复程度最高达到了76．92％。现场应用结果表明,该方法对绕丝筛管堵塞不供液停产井均见到了较好的解堵效果,产液量和产油量均得到了大幅度提高,平均单井增液量为20t／d,平均单井增油量为5．4t／d;同时,该方法不仅可以延长绕丝筛管防砂油井的生产周期而且能够提高出砂地层注水井的吸水能力。     

压裂防砂工艺的研究及应用

利用CST压裂充填工具组合，采用能产生短、宽裂缝的端部脱砂压裂技术，实现油层压裂及绕丝管外充填一体化，形成具有改造油层和防砂双重作用的防砂体系。该方法应用于尚南和林樊家油田压裂防砂后地层得到彻底的改造，并建立了高导流渗流通道，提高了油田的开发水平，较好的解决了防砂与地层堵塞的问题。     

机械双重防砂技术研究

目前常规的机械循环充填防砂只能完成单一的砾石充填工作。采用这种砾石充填+绕丝筛管防砂,对油井的产能有较大的影响。为此,研制了一种多功能机械防砂配套技术,该技术利用与地层配伍性较好的采出水作为携砂液,通过高压将地层充填与井筒内充填有机地结合在一起,只需一次施工即可完成2种功能,既改善了油田绕丝筛管防砂的充填效率和近井筒的渗透率,又提高了油井产能,达到了既防砂又增产的目的。采用这种防砂工艺在3口井进行了应用,取得了较好的效果。     

孤岛油田Ng1+2油层低产能治理

孤岛油田 Ng1 + 2油层含油面积 37.2 km2 ,地质储量 2 73× 1 0 5t;油藏埋深 1 　1 30～ 1 　1 90 m,平均厚度 4.6m;油层主要由一套粉砂和细粉砂岩组成 ,粒度中值 0 .0 6～ 0 .1 6mm,胶结疏松 ,泥质含量9.9%。在生产中油层易出砂 ,绕丝筛管堵塞严重 ,致使产能低下 ,急需处理。1　油层低产原因1 )细颗粒砂沉积于绕丝筛管内　随着产出液运移 ,细颗粒砂通过砾石充填层进入生产管柱和绕丝管 ,并沉积于绕丝管中心管内 ( 70 %左右起出的绕丝管内有沉积砂 ,且分析均为地层砂 ,砂粒较细 ) ,使油井供液能力变差 ,防砂有效期缩短。2 )颗粒运移使地层…     

高压充填防砂工艺在孤东油田的应用

针对孤东油田长期停产井的成因 ,吸取水力压裂的技术优点 ,形成了高压充填防砂工艺。该工艺通过把PFS封隔充填一体化工具及绕丝筛管下入井内 ,利用人工充填到油层中的充填砂体和充填在井筒内的充填砂体的完整相连 ,明显改善了近井筒范围内的液体的渗透条件 ,很好地解决了防砂与防堵塞不能统一的问题。采用这种防砂工艺完成高压充填防砂施工 186口油井 ,成功 176口 ,一次成功率 95 % ,日产能力 85 7t,阶段有效期 193d ,累计增油 13 3万t,投入产出比为 1∶7 2。     

多功能机械防砂新技术研制成功

江汉油田研制成功了多功能机械防砂新技术，实现了绕丝筛管充填防砂技术和高压充填防砂技术的结合，可应用于压裂防砂、循环和冲砂的作业。该技术通过压裂对地层进行防砂并提高油层的导流能力，并采用传统成熟的循环充填防砂技术，延长防砂有效期。该技术设计科学、配套齐全，整体性能好，施工方便，为疏松砂岩油藏的开发和增产提供了新的技术手段。     

多功能机械防砂新技术研制成功

江汉油田采油工艺研究院经过近一年的大力攻关，研究出了一套多功能机械防砂新技术，实现了绕丝筛管充填防砂技术和高压充填防砂技术的结合，应用于压裂防砂、循环和冲砂的施工，通过压裂对地层进行防砂并提高油层的导流能力，并采用传统成熟的循环充填防砂技术进行防砂，延长工作寿命。     

井下绕丝筛管断脱落井套铣打捞工艺

目前国内外普遍采用的绕丝筛管砂砾充填防砂工艺,已取得明显的防砂效果。然而,由于地层的不断出砂,地层砂与充填砂互相渗透,使绕丝筛管的缝隙堵塞,造成防砂管柱砂卡。另外,砂砾充填的失败也能造成绕丝筛管防砂管柱砂卡。     

防砂工艺在郑王庄油田稠油试油中的应用

介绍和对比了郑王庄油田在试油过程中采用的各种防砂工艺及施工参数。根据不同方式防砂后试油的效果，以大量现场数据分析，筛选出最适合该区地层条件的防砂工艺，即绕丝筛管高压挤压充填防砂法，并对该工艺进行了配套完善和相应改进。     

阿姆河右岸酸性气田井口冲蚀及对策

中亚土库曼斯坦阿姆河右岸气田群为高含H_2S和CO_2的碳酸盐岩气藏,单井产量高,井口设备均出现了不同程度的腐蚀。初步分析认为其原因是生产过程中仅考虑酸性介质对气井井口的化学腐蚀,而没有考虑气体流速对井口的冲蚀作用,极大地影响了气田的安全生产。为此,通过对节流阀上下游阀道、法兰面均出现明显坑状腐蚀的进一步分析,明确了化学腐蚀和气体冲蚀的交互作用是井口磨损的主要影响因素,气流冲刷腐蚀坑的化学腐蚀产物会加速冲蚀损害;进而借鉴冲蚀与腐蚀运行环境下的多相管流管道的磨损计算理论,计算了该运行环境下的冲蚀极限速度,得到了不同生产工况下节流阀的抗冲蚀流量;最后,根据气田生产情况,针对性地提出了按气井配产要求来选择采气树类型、节流阀通径及类型冲蚀的技术控制策略。此举为气田安全生产提供了工程技术保障。     

山前地区深井超深井套管防磨与减磨技术研究

针对山前地区深井超深井钻井过程中套管磨损严重的问题,在分析套管磨损机理的基础上,开展了山前地区套管防磨与减磨技术研究,基于技术研究成果及应用实践,得到如下结论:1应用Power V等垂直钻井系统控制井眼轨迹,特别是上部井段的狗腿度和井斜,可明显减小侧向力和磨损量,缩短套管磨损时间;2应综合考虑套管磨损率、磨损系数以及钻杆耐磨带本身的磨损量,优选出效果最优的耐磨带;在狗腿度严重的位置,可考虑采用一定数量的橡胶钻杆卡箍来减轻对套管的磨损;3山前地区钻井液采用CX-300减磨剂能够显著降低磨损速率,减轻套管磨损程度,但在不同钻井液体系使用之前应进行优化分析以确定最佳使用量;4在迪那204井使用高密度钻井液体系,全部采用优选的高密度重晶石粉代替铁矿粉作为加重剂,整个钻进过程中未出现钻具及套管磨损,迪那204井易损件消耗量仅为邻井迪那203井的左右,防磨减磨效果非常显著。     

Biodiesel Projects Helpful to Ease Energy Shortage

Nearly 7,000 hectares of biodiesel forest will take shape in the northern province of Hebei in 2008, part of a national campaign to fuel the fast growing economy in a green way. In no more than five years, the Pistacia chinensis Bunge, whose seeds have an oil content of up to 40 percent, will yield five tons of fruit and contribute about two tons of high-quality biological diesel oil, according to the provincial forestry administration.     

State Energy Base Proposed in Inner Mongolia

Experts recently suggested China set up a state energy base in lnner Mongolia Autonomous Region to ease its energy thirst. The survey was co-conducted by senior researchers from the National Development and Reform Commission, Development Research Center of the State Council, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Finance. To plan and establish strategic energy bases at state level is in line with the principle of ＂giving priority to energy saving and diversifying energy consumption with the utility of coal at the core.＂     

Influence of Shale Oil Boom in North America upon nternational Crude Price Flucturation

正Current stituation of shale oil development in the world The US The country is blessed with abundant shale oil resources and had matersed whole sets of theories and technologies needed for their exploration and development after years of practices.According to an assessment of shale oil resources in major countries and regions of the world issued by the U.S.Energy Information Agency(EIA),the US ranks the second in the world with its 6.8 billion tons of technically recoverable shale oil(shale oil in place is about 136.3 tons).About 8plays had been confirmed to have     

A Sintering-resistant Pd/C Composite Catalyst for Ethylbenzene DehydrogenationDeveloped by CAS Institute of Metals

Carbon deposition is a commonplace phenomenon occurringin the catalytic reaction process, in particular inthe system of direct dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene,because the reactant - ethylbenzene molecules on thesurface of metal oxide catalysts are prone to quickly formcarbon deposits, leading to deactivation of catalysts. Recently,the associate research fellow Mr. Liu Hongyangand the research fellow Mr. Su Dangsheng of the StateShenyang Material Science （United ） Laboratory of theInstitute of Metal Research, CAS by taking advantageof the carbon deposition process during direct dehydrogenationof ethylbenzene have ingeniously designeda Pd/C composite catalyst. This catalyst in comparisonwith the traditional commercial carbon nanotubesupported Pd catalyst shows a significantly improved performancein terms of its catalytic activity and sinteringresistantability.     

ZPEB Overseas Markets Keep Steady and Efficient Development

In recent years, Zhongyuan Petroleum Exploration Bureau （ZPEB） has made rapid development in overseas petroleum markets through its integrated reorganization. A new international business plattbrm established, aimed at becoming a highly ranked contractor with international petroleum engineering technology. ZPEB has expanded its business scope and scale, regulated the market structure,     

New Era for China-Brazil Relations

China and Brazil celebrated the 40th anniversary of establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries in July this year. Bilateral relations between China and Brazil have entered a new stage, and experts expect the already extensive cooperation between the two countries to deepen and broaden as Chinese President Xi Jinping made a state visit to Brazil in mid-July, which is his first state visit to Brazil since he assumed the office last year. The visit to China＇s largest trade partner in Latin America is at the invitation of Brazilian President Dilma Rousseff.     

Large Scale Ethylene Production Package Technology SuccessfullyDeveloped by CNPC

The CNPC Group has successfully developed a largescaleethylene production package technology with independentintellectual property rights, which has beensuccessfully applied in the 1.2 Mt/a ethylene revamp andexpansion project at the Daqing Petrochemical Complex（DPC）.     

Recent Advancements in Petroleum E & P Equipments in China

The role of equipments in oil and gas exploration and development had never been attached with so much importance as that in shale oil and gas boom in the U.S. With the help of massive hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling techniques, the U.S., the world＇s No. 1 oil importer even started to dream about energy self-sufficiency with its proudly high production of shale oil and gas from several major shale plays in the country. However, what behind this remarkable achievement are powerful multi-stage hydraulic fracturing machinery and smart tools for directional drilling.