吸入激素联合噻托溴铵治疗哮喘-慢阻肺重叠综合症的临床疗效评价

目的观察不使用长效β2-激动剂情况下,应用噻托溴铵联合吸入糖皮质激素对哮喘-慢阻肺重叠综合征(ACOS)患者的治疗作用,并与单用噻托溴铵及单纯吸入糖皮质激素的治疗手段进行对比。方法根据"ACOS"诊断标准选择60例患者,分为噻托溴铵联合布地奈德粉吸入剂组、单用布地奈德粉吸入剂组、单用噻托溴铵组,三组分别进行肺功能、ACT、CAT及急性加重次数的比较。结果治疗后3组患者中噻托溴铵联合布地奈德(C)组肺功能改善率明显高于噻托溴铵(A)组、布地奈德粉吸入剂(B)组(P0.05)。治疗后三组患者用于哮喘症状评估的ACT评分噻托溴铵联合布地奈德(C)组较单用噻托溴铵、单用布地奈德治疗的两组症状改善更明显(P0.05),而治疗后三组患者CAT评分噻托溴铵联合布地奈德(C)组较单用噻托溴铵、单用布地奈德治疗的两组症状改善更明显。结论噻托溴铵联合糖皮质激素吸人治疗可以明显改善ACOS患者的肺功能和临床症状,减少急性发作次数,其疗效优于单用糖皮质激素吸入和单用噻托溴铵吸入治疗,可改善其短期预后。     

噻托溴铵联合布地奈德治疗轻中度哮喘的临床疗效评价

目的 观察噻托溴铵联合吸人糖皮质激素对轻中度哮喘患者的临床疗效.方法 60例轻中度哮喘患者随机分为两组:噻托溴铵组给予吸入噻托溴铵干粉剂(18μg,每日1次)与布地奈德干粉剂(200 μg,每日2次);福莫特罗组给予吸入布地奈德福莫特罗干粉剂(160/4.5 μg,每日2次).在治疗前及治疗后8 w测定两组症状体征及肺功能变化.结果 治疗后8w,噻托溴铵组及福莫特罗组患者症状体征评分和肺功能指标明显改善,两组间比较,差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 在吸入糖皮质激素的基础上加用噻托溴铵,可明显改善轻中度哮喘患者的症状和肺功能,其疗效和加用福莫特罗相当.     

噻托溴铵联合丙酸倍氯米松治疗COPD患者的疗效及对肺功能的影响

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合丙酸倍氯米松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者的疗效以及对患者肺功能的影响。方法选取本院呼吸内科收治的COPD患者80例,随机均分为观察组和对照组。对照组患者接受抗感染、解痉平喘、吸氧等常规治疗;观察组患者在对照组治疗的基础上加用噻托溴铵联合丙酸倍氯米松吸入治疗,疗程8周。比较两组患者治疗前后的肺功能、呼吸困难(mMRC量表)情况及临床疗效。结果治疗8周后,两组患者的FEV1、PEF、FEV1/FVC均得到改善(P0.05),观察组患者改善情况优于对照组(P0.01);观察组患者的mMRC评分低于对照组(P0.01);观察组患者的治疗总有效率(92.5%)高于对照组的(72.5%),临床疗效优于对照组(P0.05)。结论在常规治疗的基础上,噻托溴铵联合丙酸倍氯米松吸入治疗COPD患者临床效果显著,能显著改善患者肺功能及呼吸困难症状,值得推广应用。     

噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病的疗效

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床疗效。方法将80例稳定期COPD患者随机分对照组和观察组,各40例,对照组给予常规治疗和多索茶碱治疗,而观察组则在对照组的基础上给予噻托溴铵粉吸入治疗;比较两组肺功能、呼吸困难评分、6 min步行距离及有效率。结果观察组治疗12个月后第1秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)、用力肺活量(FVC)、FEV1/FVC均明显高于对照组(P<0.01);呼吸困难评分明显低于对照组(P<0.01)、6 min步行距离明显大于对照组(P<0.01);总有效率(97.5%)明显高于对照组(80.0%,P<0.05)。结论噻托溴铵联合多索茶碱治疗稳定期COPD患者,可明显改善肺功能,缓解呼吸困难,提高临床疗效。     

吸入噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗稳定期中重度COPD的临床研究

目的研究吸入噻托溴铵联合舒利迭治疗稳定期中重度慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的治疗效果。方法 45例稳定期中重度COPD患者(完成实验43例,因病情加重退出实验2例)随机分成两组,治疗组给予噻托溴铵(商品名:思力华)及舒利迭(沙美特罗/氟替卡松)吸入治疗12周,对照组给予舒利迭吸入治疗12周,比较两组治疗前后临床症状、体征、血氧饱和度及肺功能主要指标。结果与对照组比较,治疗组FEV1/FVC以及FEV1占预计值百分比显著提高,临床症状体征及血氧饱和度明显改善(P0.05)。结论吸入噻托溴铵联合舒利迭可有效改善肺功能并缓解临床症状。     

噻托溴铵与缓释茶碱对COPD稳定期患者生存质量及肺功能研究

目的观察长期吸入噻托溴铵及应用缓释茶碱对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期生存质量及肺功能的影响。方法对96例确诊为COPD稳定期患者随机分为两组,噻托溴铵组给予常规治疗加用长期吸入噻托溴铵,缓释茶碱组为常规治疗加用茶碱缓释片,对两组的生存质量及肺功能进行对比,评价噻托溴铵与缓释茶碱对COPD稳定期患者生存质量及肺功能的影响。结果噻托溴铵较缓释茶碱能提高生存质量及肺功能,有明显的差异性;噻托溴铵组用药1个月肺功能较治疗前无明显改善,3个月后能明显改善肺功能。结论长期吸入噻托溴铵较缓释茶碱能更好的改善患者生存质量及肺功能。     

老年人稳定期慢阻肺应用噻托溴铵的临床观察

目的探讨老年人COPD稳定期应用噻托溴铵治疗的疗效。方法选取58例慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期的患者,并随机分成两组即噻托溴铵组(30例)和异丙托溴铵组(28例),噻托溴铵组给予噻托溴铵治疗,异丙托溴铵组给予异丙托溴铵治疗,两组疗程均为60天,通过观察两组患者临床症状及肺功能改善情况等指标,分析对比两组疗效差别。结果噻托溴铵组的临床症状、肺功能改善情况明显优于异丙托溴铵组相关指标,P<0.05。结论噻托溴铵用于稳定期COPD的治疗效果优于异丙托溴铵。     

稳定期COPD并冠心病老年患者应用噻托溴铵治疗的临床研究

目的研究噻托溴铵联用舒利迭(50μg/250μg)治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)并冠心病(CHD)老年患者的疗效及安全性。方法 65名稳定期的中重度COPD并CHD老年患者随机分观察组33例,对照组32例,对照组吸入舒利迭(50μg/250μg),观察组联合应用噻托溴铵,在治疗前、治疗3月、6月后行肺功能、动态心电图及肝肾功能检测。结果治疗6月后观察组呼吸困难改善,总有效率(90.91%)明显高于对照组(71.88%),P<0.05。两组患者经治疗后肺功能有明显改善(P<0.01),而观察组联合治疗改善作用更显著。两组动态心电图比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论舒利迭联合噻托溴铵治疗COPD并CHD老年患者可以明显改善呼吸困难症状及肺功能,安全性好。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松治疗稳定期COPD的临床效果

目的探讨噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松联合治疗稳定期慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)的临床效果。方法采用随机的方法将93例稳定期COPD患者分为观察组(47例)和对照组(46例),两组均予常规基础治疗,观察组给予沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松(50μg/500μg,2次/d)联合噻托溴铵(18μg,1次/d)吸入治疗,对照组给予沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松(50μg/500μg,2次/d)单独吸入治疗,疗程为9个月。观察患者治疗前与治疗后12、24、36周运动耐量、呼吸困难评分以及肺功能的变化。结果治疗后两组患者6min步行距离(6MWD)值、肺功能均有显著增加(P0.05),呼吸困难评分(MRC)均有显著下降(P0.05),而观察组各项指标改善明显优于对照组(P0.05)。结论沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松单用可有效缓解稳定期COPD患者的临床症状、改善肺功能。而沙美特罗/丙酸氟替卡松联合噻托溴铵在减轻患者临床症状,改善肺功能上的作用更为显著,值得临床推广应用。     

噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期患者的疗效观察

目的 观察噻托溴铵联合沙美特罗替卡松对慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期的治疗效果.方法 采用随机、双盲的方法将62例COPD患者分为观察组和对照组,观察组给予噻托溴铵和沙美特罗替卡松治疗,对照组给予沙美特罗替卡松治疗,分别对两组患者治疗前后呼吸困难评分和肺功能检测进行比较.结果 治疗两个月后,与对照组比较观察组肺功能FEV1、FVC、FEV1/FVC%,呼吸困难评分改善差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 噻托溴铵与沙美特罗替卡松联合吸入治疗COPD,疗效优于沙美特罗替卡松单药治疗.     

State of knowledge of helminth fauna of freshwater fishes of Poland

A total 89 fish and lamprey species has been recorded from Polish freshwater habitats. Twenty-seven of them (30.3%) have not been surveyed for parasitic helminthes. Some of the latter fishes are either rare or not easily accessible. Other live only in specific habitats in scattered localities. An important obstacle for studying parasite faunas of some fishes may be their status on an endangered species. Among the non-surveyed fishes, are those which have been relatively recently introduced to Poland or migrated there on their own. The present paper attempts to review all hitherto not studied helminthologically fish species, their habitats, localities and current protection status.     

Inhibition of intimal thickening of the carotid artery of rabbits and of outgrowth of explants of aorta by probucol.

The effect of administration of probucol in preventing intimal thickening of rabbit carotid artery after balloon catheter injury and the mechanism of action of the drug were studied. Groups of 6 male New Zealand-White rabbits were given normal diet (Group I), high cholesterol diet (Group II) or high cholesterol diet plus probucol (Group III) for 4 weeks. Balloon catheter injury was made in week 2 and animals were killed in week 4. No significant differences in the total cholesterol levels in Groups II and III were found in week 4. The medians of areas of the intimal layer in cross-sections of the carotid arteries of Groups I, II and III were 0.237, 0.475 and 0.309 mm2, respectively. Thus high-cholesterol diet increased the thickness of the intimal layer and probucol reduced its effect. There were no significant differences in the areas of the medial layers in these 3 groups. For the examination of the mechanism of the effect of probucol, rabbits were given chow containing 0.5% cholesterol with and without 0.5% probucol (7 rabbits each) and then the numbers of explants from their aortas showing outgrowth were compared. The plasma total cholesterol levels of these two groups were the same. The probucol concentrations in the plasma and aorta of the former group were 18.6 +/- 13.2 micrograms/ml and 7.3 +/- 5.4 micrograms/g wet tissue, respectively. The number of explants showing outgrowth on day 14 was suppressed by 34% in the probucol-treated group.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)