WebPeer：一个基于P2P的Web服务平台*

分析了Web服务和P2P这两种计算模型的优势与不足,并针对这些不足,设计了一个基于P2P的Web服务平台——WebPeer。该平台不仅能够较好地利用P2P技术来快速实现Web服务的发布、发现和调用,而且能够利用Web服务的开放标准来更好地描述和完善P2P服务,使得P2P系统不再局限于提供单一的网络服务。     

The Self-Serv environment for Web services composition

Self-Serv aims to enable the declarative composition of new services from existing ones, the multiattribute dynamic selection of services within a composition, and peer-to-peer orchestration of composite service executions. Self-Serv adopts the principle that every service, whether elementary or composite, should provide a programmatic interface based on SOAP and the Web Service Definition Language. This does not exclude the possibility of integrating legacy applications, such as those written in CORBA, into the service's business logic. To integrate such applications, however, first requires the development of appropriate adapters. The paper considers how the mechanism for composing services in Self-Serv is based on two major concepts: the composite service and the service container.     

一种支持QoS的自适应Web服务发现模型

服务质量是Web服务发现中的关键问题.该文提出一种支持QoS的自适应Web服务发现模型,在满足用户对Web服务功能需求的基础上,依据QoS等非功能性指标对Web服务进行选择和排序,并给出服务的选择排序算法,该算法以服务注册参数、用户反馈信息和实时监测数据为依据,能动态地对服务的非功能性指标进行评价,返回最合适的服务给用户.实验证明,该模型有效地提高了系统的可用性.     

基于QoWS的Web服务评估算法

本文提出了一个完整的Web服务质量的评估算法。此算法在分析了Web服务评量和相对服务质量的基础之上,计算Web服务质量的综合评估值,并且建立一个Web服务质量评估模型,将此算法应用于评估模型中,可以在多个Web服务中选择最优的服务提供给用户。最后,将此模型应用于一个实际的系统中。     

基于事例推理的Web服务QoS动态预测研究

随着面向服务计算技术的发展,网络上出现了大量功能相同而服务质量(QoS)有很大差别的Wcb服务,QoS逐渐成为评价和选择Web服务的重要依据。目前常用Web服务历史QoS的算术平均值来近似服务的QoS,这种度量方法没有考虑Wcb服务QoS的动态性,不能准确地度量Wcb服务的QoS,从而造成被选择的Wcb服务以较大概率不能满足用户的QoS需求。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于事例推理(C13R)的QoS动态预测方法,该方法将Web服务的QoS与服务的外界环境、所处理的任务类型、任务大小关联起来,利用事例推理技术预测Web服务处理新任务时的QoS。实验结果表明,该预测方法能有效地提高Wcb服务QoS的准确度。     

组合Web服务访问控制策略合成研究

针对Web服务多域环境下组合服务的访问控制策略合成问题,首先提出基于属性的Web服务访问控制策略描述框架,并结合原子属性值限制的属性描述方法,对服务访问控制策略进行了形式化表达。然后,通过分析服务组合描述文档中的控制结构,并研究访问控制策略合成算子和访问控制策略规则的合成运算,提出组合Web服务访问控制策略合成方法,实现了组合服务访问控制策略的合成。最后,结合实例给出组合Web服务的访问控制策略合成流程,验证了合成方法的实用性。     

A synergy between context-aware policies and AOP to achieve highly adaptable Web services

Modern service-based systems are frequently required to be highly adaptable in order to cope with rapid changes and evolution of business goals, requirements, as well as physical context in a dynamic business environment. Unfortunately, adaptive systems are still difficult to build due to their high complexity. In this paper, we propose a new approach for developing highly adaptable Web services based on a synergy between context-aware Web service policies and Aspect-Oriented Programming. This synergy is achieved through the elaboration of an innovative extension of the Web Service Policy Language (WSPL), which allows for context specification at both policy and rule levels. In addition, we provide a tool for the development of aspect-oriented policies, including an option to translate WSPL policies into aspect-oriented policies. These policies can be automatically woven into composite Web services (e.g., a BPEL process). The elaborated synergy between context, policies, and aspects allows service providers to increase the level of adaptability of Web services at different layers of applications.     

基于多阶段匹配的语义Web服务发现框架

随着Web服务的高速发展和广泛应用,如何在众多的Web服务中找出用户所需要的Web服务成为了一个关键的问题.在语义Web服务研究的基础上,提出了一种新的多阶段匹配的语义Web服务发现框架,将整个发现过程分为服务类别、服务功能、服务名称和服务文本语句匹配4个阶段,并在服务功能匹配阶段针对本体库中概念间的密度问题,提出了基于信息量的改进GCSM算法,在服务名称和服务文本语句匹配阶段,针对中文多义词的问题提出了基于实例搭配和基本义原的消歧策略.最后,实验证明提出的发现框架具有较好的可行性和有效性.     

A framework and ontology for dynamic Web services selection

Current Web services standards lack the means for expressing a service's nonfunctional attributes - namely, its quality of service. QoS can be objective (encompassing reliability, availability, and request-to-response time) or subjective (focusing on user experience). QoS attributes are key to dynamically selecting the services that best meet user needs. This article addresses dynamic service selection via an agent framework coupled with a QoS ontology. With this approach, participants can collaborate to determine each other's service quality and trustworthiness.     

XML Web Services在电子办公中的应用

该文介绍了电子办公系统的发展现状以及存在的问题,提出了一种新的、分布式、基于XMLWebServices的电子办公系统的体系结构,它可以跨越不同应用系统的对象体系、运行平台、开发语言等的界限,并以服务的形式封装,对外、对内发布应用服务接口,供其他的应用程序调用,从而形成一个基于Web的服务共享平台。     

基于PDG图的分布式动态可执行服务组合方法

组合服务是将一系列Web服务协调地组合在一起,从而完成预期目标。组合服务按照其引擎分布可分为:集中式服务组合和分布式服务组合。分布式组合服务可以有效地解决集中式组合服务在系统可伸缩性、消息传输效率、自治性和有效负载均衡等方面的问题,将可执行全局流程等价分解成可执行本地流程,以及将服务组合和负载均衡结合集群概念,研究服务组合的QOS。这些将成为新的挑战,文中通过PDG图进行等价分解,并结合QOS,通过实验测试引擎负载,提出将负载均衡融入服务组合QOS研究思想。     

Daios: Efficient Dynamic Web Service Invocation

Systems based on the service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm must be able to bind to arbitrary Web services at runtime. However, current service frameworks are predominantly used through precompiled service-access components, which are invariably hard-wired to a specific service provider. The Dynamic and Asynchronous Invocation of Services framework is a message-based service framework that supports SOA implementation, allowing dynamic invocation of SOAP/WSDL-based and RESTful services. It abstracts from the target service's internals, decoupling clients from the services they use.     

Web服务组合的可靠性动态评估模型*

为了合理、高效、动态地评估Web服务组合的可靠性,为服务请求者提供高质量的组合服务,提出了一个Web服务组合的可靠性动态评估模型。该模型对服务提供者发布至UDDI注册中心的Web服务进行语义预先处理,根据语义Web服务间的逻辑组合关系,基于预推理技术构造Web服务的自动组合框架,提出了Web服务的自动组合算法,建立Web服务组合方案的路径结构;利用随机Petri网对满足服务请求者需求的服务组合路径结构进行可靠性建模,结合在线获取的Web服务可靠性信息,对Web服务组合的可靠性进行动态评估。实验示例结果分析表明,提出的模型能确保Web服务组合方案的有效性和提高服务组合的效率,对Web服务组合的可靠性评估具有较强动态性和灵活适应性。     

基于主体的语义Web服务自动组合研究

语义Web服务要解决的一个主要问题就是如何实现服务组合自动化.主体技术因其智能性、自主性等特点在解决语义Web服务组合问题中具有较大优势.通过分析语义Web服务组合研究现状,分析主体、语义Web与Web服务的紧密关系,论证了基于主体的语义Web服务的可行性并描述了基于多主体的Web服务组合平台架构.介绍了基于主体技术的语义Web服务组合技术,将服务组合看成是一个多主体环境下的规划问题,给出语义Web服务作为主体动作子类的形式化定义,并针对服务组合问题增加限定条件,定义服务之间的5种关系,试图从逻辑角度,以描述逻辑为基本工具,突出服务的动态性与交互性.最后利用主体的目标规划以及基于描述逻辑的有效推理,给出了服务的自动组合算法.     

一个基于Petri网的Web服务组合模型

作为企业应用集成的重要手段，Web服务组合需要建立可靠的表达和分析方法。因此，基于Petri网技术定义一个Web服务组合模型，将组合Web服务的要索映射到Petri网结构。利用Petri网提供的分析技术，辅助复杂业务流程的建模，并分析验证其正确性和性能。     

Web Service Composition Based on QoS Rules

For workflow-based service composition approach, the relations between the Web service QoS and environments are usually not considered, so that the information about QoS for composite service selection is inaccurate. It makes the selected composite service inefficient, or even unexecutable. To address this problem, a novel service composition approach based on production QoS rules is proposed in this paper. Generally, it is very difficult to directly analyze how different kinds of environment factors influence the Web service QoS. We adopt “black-box” analysis method of optimizing composite services, discovering the knowledge such as “the QoS of one Web service will be higher in specific environments”. In our approach, the execution information of the composite service is recorded into a log first, which will be taken as the basis of the subsequent statistical analysis and data mining. Then, the timely QoS values of the Web services are estimated and the production QoS rules being used to qualitatively express the different performances of the Web service QoS in different environments are mined. At last, we employ the mined QoS knowledge of the Web services to optimize the composite service selection. Extensive experimental results show that our approach can improve the performance of selected composite services on the premise of assuring the selecting computation cost.     

基于颜色Petri网的Web服务组合建模及应用

给出了用颜色Petri网来对Web服务及服务组合建模,在描述服务内部控制结构的同时兼顾了数据流的描述,而且还给出了模拟Web服务执行的引发规则,从静态、动态两方面描述了Web服务及服务组合,最后还给出了一个应用颜色Petri网建模的实例。     

基于Web Service的电子商务技术研究

WebServices是一种面向服务的体系结构,其突出优点是实现了真正意义上的平台独立性和语言独立性。WebServices是新一代Internet分布式应用框架,代表了下一代网络计算和企业应用的必然趋势。分析了电子商务发展现状以及存在的问题,介绍了基于WebServices电子商务技术,它们可以跨越不同应用系统的对象体系、运行平台和开发语言等的界限,并以服务的形式封装,对外对内发布应用服务接口,供其它的应用程序调用,从而形成一个基于Web的服务共享平台。由于XML语言的应用,电子商务的应用和开发将进入一个新的阶段-ebXML.     

Composing Web Services: A QoS View

An Internet application can invoke several services--a stock-trading Web service, for example, could invoke a payment service, which could then invoke an authentication service. Such a scenario is called a composite Web service, and it can be specified statically or established dynamically. Dynamic composition of Web services requires service consumers to discover service providers that satisfy given functional and nonfunctional requirements including cost and QoS requirements such as performance and availability. In previous columns, I've examined how quality of service (QoS) comes into play for service providers, consumers, and parallel transactions. Here, I'll show how it fits into composite Web services.