西部大开发与广西民族团结进步

本文认为 ,广西是地处边疆的少数民族地区 ,由于历史和自然条件等方面的原因 ,经济社会发展相对落后 ,如不加快发展 ,势必影响社会主义民族关系的巩固和发展。实施西部大开发给广西少数民族地区的发展和各民族的共同繁荣进步带来了历史性机遇。广西应抓住机遇 ,在基础设施建设、调整产业结构、搞好生态环境保护等方面做好工作。同时进一步完善民族区域自治制度 ,加强民族法制建设、加快发展民族教育、大力培养民族干部、为西部大开发创造良好的条件 ,用以推进民族团结进步事业     

探析西部大开发与少数民族法制建设

实施西部大开发战略 ,是历史的必然选择。本文试图探析在新的形势下 ,如何加强民族法制建设 ,以促进少数民族及民族地区经济和社会的全面发展。     

西部大开发中的贵州法制建设

文章论述了在西部大开发背景之下 ,贵州省应当着力加强法制建设 ,以保障西部大开发的顺利进行。贵州法制建设应从法律体系和法律法规内容两个方面同时进行 ;法律法规的内容应侧重于基础设施建设的保障立法、利用外商投资的立法、旅游区的环境保护立法和少数民族权益的保障立法四个方面     

西部大开发与中西部少数民族社会、经济、文化发展的探讨——21世纪中西部少数民族经济社会发展学术研讨会述略

西 部大开发是强化社会主义现代化建设的重要一环 ,具有多重的目的和意义。在西部大开发战略中 ,如何加快西部少数民族社会经济文化的发展 ,是国内外学者比较关注的课题之一。为此 ,新疆大学、兰州大学西北少数民族研究中心于 2 0 0 1年 10月 8日至 9日 ,在新疆维吾尔自治区首府乌鲁木齐召开了 2 1世纪中西部少数民族经济社会发展学术研讨会 ,出席这次会议的有海内外专家学者四十余人。会议围绕西部大开发与中西部地区发展战略问题 ,西部大开发中国家对中西部的政策问题 ,西部大开发与中西部地区法制建设的问题 ,西部大开发与中西部地区民族…     

关于西部大开发中若干重大问题的思考

从某种意义上讲,西部大开发实际上是少数民族地区的大开发,因而解决好民族问题,是事关全局的重大问题.作者详细论述了西部大开发中民族问题的地位及与少数民族,民族地区相关的若干问题.     

少数民族习惯法与西部民族地区小康社会建设问题研究

少数民族习惯法对西部民族地区小康社会建设具有不可忽视的促进或制约作用。为了切实保障西部民族地区小康社会建设的顺利进行,在民族法制建设过程中,少数民族习惯法应得到充分重视。     

西部大开发中需要注意的若干与民族有关的问题

文章从“民族性”的角度分析了我国西部的“区情” ,指出在西部大开发中必须处理好与此相关的若干关系问题 ,包括 :自治地方与中央及非自治地方的关系 ;少数民族与汉族的关系 ;聚居民族与散居民族的关系 ;“东引”与“西出”的关系 ;民族传统与现代经济的关系。文章进而论证了西部大开发中民族工作的重点内容和主要方向 :首先要加强民族法制建设 ,以保证西部大开发健康、有序地进行 ;其次是在实际工作中处理好民族权益关系 ,以巩固“三个离不开”的民族关系 ;最后是贯彻执行社会主义初级阶段我党在民族问题上的基本方针和各项政策 ,以实现各民族共同繁荣。     

民族研究与西部新开发——兼论当代民族研究的地位和作用

实施西部大开发,是促进各民族共同繁荣的重大战略部署,是进一步加强民族团结、维护社会稳定的根本措施。它不仅有利于提高西部地区人民的生活水平,也有利于少数民族地区的社会稳定和国家的长治久安。经过十年开发,西部发展成果有目共睹,但东西部差距仍然很大。国家高度重视西部地区的经济发展,西部也将迎来新一轮开发。在这样的时代背景下,正确认识民族研究与西部新开发显得十分重要。     

紧紧把握历史机遇 加快云南少数民族人才的培养选拔

西部大开发,人才是关键。把握历史机遇加大云南少数民族人才的培养选拔力度,努力造就一支德才兼备、数量充足、结构合理的少数民族人才队伍,是实施西部大开发战略,实现省委省政府提出的把云南建成“绿色经济强省”、“民族文化大省”和中国连接东南亚、南亚的国际大通道三大目标,促进民族地区改革、发展和稳定的组织保证和智力支持。培养选拔少数民族人才是云南实施西部大开发,加快民族地区经济社会发展,促进各民族共同繁荣的关键所在 改革开放以来,在党中央、国务院的关怀下,云南省委省政府十分重视少数民族人才资源的开发,把这…     

西部开发与民族问题的解决

实施西部大开发战略 ,推进少数民族和民族地区的建设和发展 ,是我国社会主义初级阶段民族工作的行动纲领 ,是新时期党和国家民族政策的基本出发点和归宿 ,对解决新时期民族问题具有划时代的意义。西部大开发对少数民族和民族地区提供了千载难逢的发展机遇 ,如何立足实际 ,把握住历史契机 ,客观而全面地分析民族地区与东南沿海发达地区之间存在的差距 ,进一步解放思想 ,明确思路 ,从根本上解决西部发展滞后的问题 ,是我们面临的迫切任务。     

西部民族地区教育均衡发展的新战略

本文通过分析探讨西部大开发的战略思想、教育均衡发展的相关理念及西部民族地区教育非均衡发展现状 ,指出西部民族地区的教育发展与全国平均水平和东部水平相比 ,都存在着较为明显的非均衡发展问题 ;必须通过进一步强化政府的教育主体责任、建立“西部民族地区教育优先发展区”、促进民族教育与区域经济协调发展等政策 ,实现西部民族教育的均衡发展战略     

试析西部大开发中的宗教问题

西部大开发中有许多因素要加以积极引导 ,宗教就是其中之一 ,因为西部的许多地区是全民族信教 ,因此如何利用宗教中的积极因素 ,已成为西部大开发工作中的重要方面。本文试图通过对宗教中有利于社会主义建设的因素进行分析 ,从而更好地发挥宗教在西部大开发中的作用     

西部民族地区经济发展方式转变测评

加快经济发展方式转变是我国经济社会领域的一场深刻变革,西部民族地区经济发展方式的转变对我国全面建设小康社会和实现区域协调发展具有重要的意义。本文立足于西部民族地区经济社会发展实际和西部民族地区经济发展方式转变的内涵,构建西部民族地区经济发展方式转变测评指标体系,运用指标体系测评西部民族地区"五区三省"经济发展方式转变的程度,最后基于测评结果提出加快西部民族地区经济发展方式转变的路径。     

试论西部民族地区生态环境保护的法律构建

西部民族地区的生态环境建设关系到西部大开发战略的实施,关系到区域经济的发展,关系到民族地区的稳定和边疆安全。为了实现经济社会和生态环境保护的和谐发展,客观上要求我们必须在西部民族地区不断完善生态环境保护的法制体系,重视运用法律手段引导、规范、促进和保障西部民族地区生态环境的平衡协调。     

全球化、民族性与新发展观--立足于民族经济学的学理思考

本文从经济文化的全球化与民族性关系出发,分析以往研究的一些缺憾;进而从新发展观的视野考察我国民族经济学的研究现状,并对这门学科的形成、发展及其学理价值、科研特征与应用前景进行初步的探讨和阐释。强调加强民族经济学研究对于中国经济学、民族学等学科的发展以及西部大开发等实践具有重要意义。     

西部大开发与民族高等教育的发展问题

西部大开发是我国面向21世纪作出的重大战略决策。本文分析了西部地区民族高等教育在现代市场经济和知识经济条件下实施的西部大开发中面临的发展机遇与挑战,认为西部大开发和西部地区民族高等教育应该相互促进和协调发展,并根据实施西部大开发的基础、根本、关键和重要条件,提出了发展民族高等教育的一些对策和建议。     

西部民族地区生态文明建设问题探析

Ecological civilization is a mode of civilization which is constructed on the concept of multiple-wins, such as economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit, etc. It requires that a harmonious relationship between man and nature permeate various aspects of civilization, such as material civilization, spiritual civilization, and political civilization, forming an ecological mode for production, living, consumption, and other behaviors. The theories and practices of eco￣logical civilization both at home and abroad, as well as the strategic planning for the construction of ecological civilization in China, have constituted important theoretical and practical guidelines for the construction of ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas of China.
Constructing ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has important theoretical and practical significance. Compared with the eastern part of China or the whole country, the level of e￣conomic and social development in the western eth￣nic areas still lags behind; energy consumption is generally high , and the number of national key ecologically functional areas is large. Furthermore, these areas face a daunting task for their environ￣mental protection and energy saving. In addition, the most concentrated areas of desertification in China are found in the western ethnic areas, espe￣cially Xinjiang, Inner Mongolia, Tibet and Qing￣hai. Therefore, the construction of ecological civi￣lization in the western ethnic areas has an impor￣tant role for the sustainable development of the e￣conomy and society, ecological security, energy saving and emission reduction, and the prevention of land desertification.
Generally speaking, the western ethnic areas actively participate in the national demonstration areas of the construction of ecological civilization, and constantly improve the level of ecological civi￣lization construction. However, their overall level is low, and the differences between various prov￣inces are considerable. Although the western eth￣nic areas have rich forest resources, tourism re￣sources, etc. for the construction of ecological civ￣ilization, they still face many problems in the use of their ecological resources and the construction of ecological civilization.
As noted above, the western ethnic areas ac￣tively take part in the construction of the key na￣tional ecological civilization demonstration areas. At present, among the 55 ecological civilization demonstration areas of China, 22 are in the west￣ern ethnic areas. These demonstration areas are actively exploring the construction of ecological civilization by taking the property rights of natural resources, ecological compensation and cadres as￣sessment, etc. into consideration.
As just noted, although the level of the con￣struction of an ecological civilization in western ethnic areas has been improving, the overall level is still low. The overall level of ecological civiliza￣tion in western ethnic areas lags significantly be￣hind the nation or eastern regions. In addition, the levels of every province are quite different. For in￣stance, the level of Guangxi and Yunnan is rela￣tively high. Therefore, the construction of ecologi￣cal civilization must be adapted to the local condi￣tions of the provinces.
There are a large number of key forestry en￣terprises in the western ethnic areas, but the struc￣ture of the forestry industry is not equitable. For￣estry is an important force, and provides important content for the construction of ecological civiliza￣tion. On the one hand, there are a large number of key national forestry enterprises in the western eth￣nic areas, but their distribution is not balanced. At present, there are 295 key national forestry en￣terprises , among which 48 are found in the western ethnic areas and are included in the list. Among them, the advantage held by Guangxi and Yunnan’s forest resources are obvious, while those in Tibet, Ningxia and Qinghai are not so obvious. On the other hand, the forestry resources in the western ethnic areas are unevenly distributed, and the structure of the forestry industry is not equita￣ble;the proportion of the primary industry of for￣estry is too high, and the proportion of the second￣ary industry is relatively low. This means that the economic benefits of forestry resources are not fully transformed, something which has seriously affect￣ed the promotion of ecological civilization.
Tourism resources in the western ethnic areas are rich, but the contradiction between tourism de￣velopment and environmental protection is sharp. The tourism industry can effectively improve the level of ecological civilization construction. With rich tourism resources in the western ethnic areas, the tourism industry has become one of the impor￣tant regional pillar industries, especially in Guizhou, Yunnan and Guangxi. However, the conditions of tourism infrastructure and the tourism environment are still relatively backward in western ethnic areas. This is seen especially in the tourist foreign exchange income ratio which is not high. In addition, theunique tourism resources have not strongly attracted more overseas visitors; and, as just said, there are contradictions between regional tourism development and ecological environment protection, which are still very sharp.
The construction of an ecological civilization is a complicated social system project. The con￣struction of an ecological civilization in the western ethnic areas has just started, so we need to in￣tegrate the idea of ecological civilization throughout political, economic, cultural, and social construc￣tion. Furthermore, we need to promote the process of ecological civilization construction according to the local conditions by taking the central authorities’ construction plan of ecological civiliza￣tion as guidance; consider the economic develop￣ment level of each province; and the characteris￣tics of ecological protection and resource environ￣ment in ethnic areas.
First of all, we should change the concept of government at all levels and the entire society in western ethnic areas, and improve the system of ecological civilization construction. For this pur￣pose, we must:( i) strengthen the top-level de￣sign of the ecological civilization system; ( ii) im￣prove relevant systems, such as the development of the national land space; and ( iii ) improve envi￣ronmental protection and ecological compensation in the western ethnic areas and the whole country. Furthermore, through making use of both formal systems, such as political, economic and legal ones, and informal systems, such as ecological culture, we should jointly safeguard and promote the construction of ecological civilization. On the one hand, we must establish and improve various policies related to finance, tax, population and land to improve the level of ecological political civ￣ilization in the western ethnic areas from the level of central government to local administrations. On the other hand, the central government and local administrations in the western ethnic areas must enhance the awareness of the construction of eco￣logical civilization through various ways, including school education and the internet.
Secondly, we should vigorously develop the advantages of the ecological industry in western ethnic areas, such as ecological tourism, ecologi￣cal agriculture and other ecological industries. The construction of ecological civilization should strive to find a balance between ecological environment and stable economic growth. Therefore, according to the characteristics of their ecological environ￣ment, resources, climate and the capacity of the ecological carrying capacity, we should choose ec￣ological industries suitable for regional develop￣ment, such as ecological agriculture, ecological tourism;change the original model of industrial de￣velopment to an ecological mode of production, and improve the level of ecological civilization while protecting the environment.
Thirdly, we should speed up the development of secondary and tertiary industries of forestry in the western ethnic areas, and further optimize the structure of the forestry industry. For this purpose we must further increase forestry investment and construction;and improve the total output value of forestry through afforestation, returning farmland to forest, and coordinating the relationship between the economic forest and ecological forest. Moreo￣ver, we should actively participate in China’s forest food certification and forest certification program;improve the proportion of secondary and tertiary forestry industires; take the initiative to transform the advantage of forestry resources into economic advantages;and improve the level of civilization of the ecological environment.
Finally, it is necessary for the western ethnic areas to continue the practice of constructing an ec￣ological civilization. Though adjustment to local conditions, and actively exploring the practice of ecological civilization construction, we should gradually accumulate experience in the construc￣tion of ecological civilization for the western ethnic areas, and even the whole country. In particular, in Guizhou, Yunnan and Qinghai, we must active￣ly promote the process of regional ecological civili￣zation construction based on the scheme of their own ecological civilization demonstration area pro￣grams. In addition, the western ethnic areas should fully play an important role in informal in￣stitutions, such as national ecological culture.     

《西部开发促进法》与民族立法的衔接探讨

我国的西部大开发进入全面开发建设时期,国家制定《西部开发促进法》迫在眉睫。文章探讨了《西部开发促进法》与民族立法衔接的相关问题,指出唯有二者有效衔接,才能形成西部大开发和民族地区社会经济“双赢”的局面。     

对多民族国家政治整合的新思考

政治整合是世界各国尤其是发展中国家政治发展中面临的重大现实问题。目前影响我国多民族国家政治整合的主要因素表现为西部民族地区日益凸现和增多的各民族间矛盾和纠纷。要调节西部民族地区日益凸现和增多的各民族间矛盾和纠纷,实现多民族国家的政治整合,必须选择新的政治整合路径。     

中国-东盟自由贸易区对西部民族地区经济的影响及对策

中国—东盟自由贸易区的建立对西部民族地区的基础设施、产业结构、企业经营及服务业带来巨大的影响 ,西部民族地区应牢牢抓住历史机遇 ,制订出务实的政策与措施 ,使西部民族地区的经济发展实现新的跨越