硼对低钴AB5型贮氢合金循环寿命的影响

为了提高低钴AB5型贮氢合金的电化学循环稳定性，在低钴AB5型贮氢合金中加入微量的硼，用真空快淬工艺制备了稀土系低钴AB5型MmNi3.8Co0.4Mn0.6Al0.2Bx(x=0，0．1，0．2，0．3，0．4)贮氢合金，分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的电化学性能及微观结构，研究了硼对铸态及快淬态合金微观结构及循环寿命的影响。结果表明，硼能大幅度提高铸态及快淬态低钴AB5型贮氢合金的电化学循环稳定性，但其作用机理是完全不同的。     

快淬纳米晶和非晶Mg_(20)Ni_(10-x)Co_x(x=0～4)合金的贮氢性能(英文)EI北大核心CSCD

为了改善Mg2Ni型合金的贮氢性能,采用Co部分替代合金中的Ni以及快淬工艺制备了纳米晶和非晶态Mg20Ni10-xCox(x=0,1,2,3,4)贮氢合金。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构,并测试了合金的气态吸/放氢动力学及电化学贮氢性能。结果表明,在快淬无Co合金中没有形成非晶相,但快淬含Co合金中形成一定量的非晶相。Co替代Ni及快淬处理显著地改善了合金的气态吸放氢性能。同时,Co替代Ni也显著地提高了快淬态合金的放电容量和电化学循环稳定性。     

快淬纳米晶和非晶Mg_(20)Ni_(10-x)Co_x(x=0～4)合金的贮氢性能(英文)

为了改善Mg2Ni型合金的贮氢性能,采用Co部分替代合金中的Ni以及快淬工艺制备了纳米晶和非晶态Mg20Ni10-xCox(x=0,1,2,3,4)贮氢合金。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构,并测试了合金的气态吸/放氢动力学及电化学贮氢性能。结果表明,在快淬无Co合金中没有形成非晶相,但快淬含Co合金中形成一定量的非晶相。Co替代Ni及快淬处理显著地改善了合金的气态吸放氢性能。同时,Co替代Ni也显著地提高了快淬态合金的放电容量和电化学循环稳定性。     

快淬La—Mg—Ni系贮氢合金的电化学性能及微观结构

采用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La—Mg-Ni系（PuNi3型）贮氢合金La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-Co0.45Cux（x=0～0．4），分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的电化学性能与微观结构，研究了Cu替代Ni及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明：铸态及快淬态合金具有多相结构，包括（La，Mg）Ni3相和LaNi5相和一定量的LaNi2相。快淬处理对合金的相组成没有影响，但使合会的衍射峰趋于均匀一致。Cu替代Ni使合金的电化学容量下降，但使合金的循环稳定性及放电电压特性得到改善。快淬可提高合金的循环稳定性，但使合金的容量下降。     

La替代Mm对低钴AB5型贮氢合金电化学性能的影响

用XRD和SEM测试了稀土基低钻AB5型LaxMm1-x（NiMnSiAlFe）4．7Co0.2（x=0,1）贮氢合金的微观结构，并全面测试了合金在铸态及快淬态下的电化学性能。研究了La替代Mm对铸态及快淬态低钻贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。对合金的电化学性能研究结果表明：La替代Mm使合金的放电容量提高，并使铸态合金的循环寿命由341次提高到370次；La替代Mm使得快淬态合金的循环寿命的增加幅度较小，主要原因是La替代Mm使快淬态合金的晶粒粗化。微观结构测试结果表明：La替代Mm使合金中的第二相消失，并使合金的晶格常数在a轴方向增加，在c轴方向略有减小，晶胞体积增大，这是La替代Mm使合金放电容量提高的主要原因。     

铸态及快淬态La-Mg-Ni系(PuNi3型)贮氢合金的循环稳定性

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La-Mg-Ni系(PuNi3型)La2Mg(Ni0.85Co0.15)9Bx(x=0～0.2)贮氢合金,分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构与循环稳定性,研究了硼及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响.结果表明,铸态合金具有多相结构,包括(La,Mg)Ni3相和LaNi5相,一定量的LaNi2相及微量的Ni2B相,经大于15 m/s淬速快淬处理后Ni2B相消失,并且其它相的相对量随淬速的变化而变化.硼的加入提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性,但其作用机理完全不同.合金的循环寿命随淬速的增加而增加,但快淬工艺对La-Mg-Ni系贮氢合金循环寿命的改善非常有限.     

铸态及快淬态La2Mg（Ni0.85Co0.15）9Crx（x=0～0.2）电极合金的微观结构及电化学性能

为了提高La-Mg-Ni系（PuNi3）型贮氢合金的电化学循环稳定性,在La2Mg（Ni0.85Co0.15）9合金中加入微量Cr,用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La2Mg（Ni0.85Co0.15）9Crx（x=0,0.1,0.2）贮氢合金.分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的电化学性能及微观结构,研究了Cr对铸态及快淬态合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响.结果表明,铸态及快淬态合金具有多相结构,包括（La,Mg）Ni3相（PuNi3结构））,LaNi5相和一定量的LaNi2相.快淬对合金的相组成没有影响,但使合金的相丰度产生变化.Cr的加入提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性,但使合金的容量下降.合金的循环寿命随淬速的增加而增加,铸态及快淬态合金均有优良的活化性能.     

Co替代Ni对快淬Mg2Ni型合金结构及电化学贮氢性能的影响

为了改善Mg2Ni型贮氢合金的电化学贮氢性能,以Co部分替代合金中的Ni,用快淬工艺制备Mg2Ni型Mg2Ni1-xCox(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)合金,获得长度连续、厚度约为30μm、宽度约为25 mm的快淬合金薄带。并用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析快淬态合金薄带的微观结构;用DSC研究快淬薄带的热稳定性;用程控电池测试仪测定合金薄带的电化学贮氢性能;探索Co替代Ni对快淬Mg2Ni型合金结构及电化学贮氢性能的影响。结果表明:在快淬无Co合金中没有发现非晶相,但快淬含Co合金中存在明显的非晶结构,证明Co替代Ni提高了Mg2Ni型合金的非晶形成能力。Co替代Ni使快淬态合金的热稳定性略有提高,显著地改善了合金的电化学贮氢性能,包括放电容量、电化学循环稳定性以及高倍率放电性能,这主要归因于Co替代Ni导致结构的变化以及非晶形成能力的提高。     

Fe替代Ni对铸态及快淬态La0.7Mg0.3Co0.45Ni2.55-xFex (x = 0-0.4)电极合金循环稳定性的影响

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La0.7Mg0.3Co0.45Ni2.55-xFex(x=0,0.2,0.3,0.4)电极合金,研究了Fe替代Ni对合金循环稳定性及微观结构的影响。结果表明,Fe替代Ni显著地改善合金的循环稳定性,且Fe替代Ni对快淬态合金的循环稳定性具有更加显著的作用。试验合金具有多相结构,包括2个主相(La,Mg)Ni3和LaNi5以及1个残余相LaNi2。Fe替代Ni促进快淬态合金形成类非晶结构,随Fe含量的增加,快淬态合金的晶粒显著细化,合金的晶格常数及晶胞体积显著增大。     

La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Alx(x=0～0.4)贮氢合金的循环稳定性

为了提高La-Mg-Ni系贮氢合金的循环稳定性,以Al部分替代Ni,采铸造及快淬工艺制备了La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Alx(x=0,0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4)电极合金,研究了Al替代量及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学循环稳定性的影响。X射线衍射分析结果表明:铸态及快淬态合金具有多相结构,包括(La,Mg)Ni3相、LaNi5相和一定量的LaNi2相;Al替代使铸态合金中LaNi2相的量显著增加,但对快淬态合金中LaNi2相的相丰度影响不显著。电化学测试结果表明:随Al替代量的增加,合金的循环寿命大幅度提高;快淬处理可以提高合金的循环寿命,但随Al替代量的增加,淬速对循环寿命的影响减小。     

快淬纳米晶/非晶Mg2-xLaxNi (x=0~0.6)合金的电化学贮氢性能

用铸造及快淬工艺制备Mg2Ni型Mg2-xLaxNi(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6)贮氢合金。用XRD、SEM、HRTEM分析铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构。结果发现,在快淬无La合金中没有出现非晶相,但快淬含La合金显示了以非晶相为主的结构。用DSC研究快淬合金的热稳定性,表明La的含量及快淬对非晶相的晶化温度影响很小。电化学测试结果表明,铸态合金的放电容量随La含量的增加而增加,快淬态合金的放电容量随La含量的变化有极大值。La替代Mg显著地提高了铸态及快淬态合金的循环稳定性。     

快淬工艺对La-Mg-Ni系贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

用铸造及快淬工艺制备了La-Mg-Ni系（PuNi3型）贮氢合金La2Mg（Ni0．85Co0.15）9Bx（x=0，0．1，0．2），分析测试了铸态及快淬态合金的微观结构与电化学性能，研究了硼及快淬工艺对合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响。结果表明，铸态合金具有多相结构，主相包括（La，Mg）Ni3相（PuNi3型）和LaNi5相，残余相为一定量的LaNi2相和微量的Ni2B相，经快淬处理后Ni2B相消失，并且其它相的相对量随淬速的变化而变化。不含硼合金的容量随淬速的增加而单调减小，含硼合金的容量随淬速变化有一个极大值。合金的循环寿命随淬速的增加而增加，铸态及快淬态合金均有优良的活化性能。     

Cycle stability of La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Cux （x=0-0.4） electrode alloys

La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55-xCo0.45Cux（x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4） electrode alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. Ni in the alloy was partially substituted by Cu in order to improve the cycle stability of La-Mg-Ni system （PuNi3-type） hydrogen storage alloy. The effects of substituting Ni with Cu on the microstructures and cycle stability of the alloys were investigated in detail. The results obtained by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the substitution of Cu for Ni is favourable for the formation of an amorphous in the as-quenched alloy, and this leads to an obvious refinement of the as-quenched alloy grains and a growth of the lattice constants and cell volumes of the as-cast and quenched alloys. The results obtained by the electrochemical measurement indicate that the cycle stability of the alloys significantly rises with the incremental variety of Cu content. When Cu content changes from 0 to 0.4, the cycle lives of the as-cast and quenched （30 m/s） alloys are enhanced from 72 to 88 cycles and from 100 to 121 cycles, respectively.     

Cycle stabilities of the La0.7Mg0.3Ni2.55−xCo0.45Mx (M = Fe, Mn, Al; x = 0, 0.1) electrode alloys prepared by casting and rapid quenching

In order to improve the cycle stability of La–Mg–Ni system (PuNi₃-type) hydrogen storage alloy, Ni in the alloy was partly substituted by Fe, Mn and Al, and the electrode alloys La_0.7Mg_0.3Ni_2.55−xCo_0.45M_x (M = Fe, Mn, Al; x = 0, 0.1) were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of the substitution of Fe, Mn and Al for Ni and rapid quenching on the microstructures and electrochemical properties of the alloys were investigated in detail. The results obtained by XRD, SEM and TEM indicate that element substitution has no influence on the phase compositions of the alloys, but it changes the phase abundances of the alloys. Particularly, the substitution of Al and Mn obviously raises the amount of the LaNi₂ phase. The substitution of Al and Fe leads to a significant refinement of the as-quenched alloy's grains. The substitution of Al strongly restrains the formation of an amorphous in the as-quenched alloy, but the substitution of Fe is quite helpful for the formation of an amorphous phase. The effects of the substitution of Fe, Mn and Al on the cycle stabilities of the as-cast and quenched alloys are different. The positive influence of the substitution elements on the cycle stabilities of the as-cast alloys is in proper order Al > Fe > Mn, and for as-quenched alloys, the order is Fe > Al > Mn. Rapid quenching engenders an inappreciable influence on the phase composition, but it markedly enhances the cycle stabilities of the alloys.     

Influences of the substitution of Fe for Ni on structures and electrochemical performances of the as-cast and quenched La0.7Mg0.3Co0.45Ni2.55−xFex (x = 0–0.4) electrode alloys

In order to improve the cycle stability of the La–Mg–Ni system PuNi₃-type hydrogen storage electrode alloys, Ni in the alloy was partially substituted by Fe. The La_0.7Mg_0.3Co_0.45Ni_2.55−xFe_x (x = 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4) hydrogen storage alloys were prepared by casting and rapid quenching. The effects of the substitution of Fe for Ni on the structures and electrochemical performances of the as-cast and quenched alloys were investigated in detail. The results of the electrochemical measurement indicate that the substitution of Fe for Ni obviously decreases the discharge capacity, high rate discharge capability (HRD) and discharge potential of the as-cast and quenched alloys, but it significantly improves their cycle stabilities, and its positive impact on the cycle life of as-quenched alloy is much more significant than on that of the as-cast one. The microstructure of the alloys analyzed by XRD, SEM and TEM show that the as-cast and quenched alloys have a multiphase structure which is composed of two major phases (La, Mg)Ni₃ and LaNi₅ as well as a residual phase LaNi₂. The substitution of Fe for Ni helps the formation of a like amorphous structure in the as-quenched alloy. With the increase of Fe content, the grain sizes of the as-quenched alloys significantly reduce, and the lattice constants and cell volumes of the alloys obviously increase.     

硼对稀土系AB5型贮氢合金微观结构及电化学性能的影响

测试分析了稀土系AB5型贮氢合金MmNi3.8Co0.4Mn0.6Al0.2Bx(x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4)的微观结构及电化学性能, 研究了硼含量x对贮氢合金电化学性能及微观结构的影响.结果表明, 铸态贮氢合金具有双相组织, 主相为CaCu5型相, 还有少量CeCo4B第二相, 第二相的相丰度随x的增加而增大.对合金进行了不同淬速的快淬处理, 合金中第二相的量随淬速的增加而减少.硼的加入使合金的电化学容量下降, 但活化性能及循环寿命明显提高.特别是对于快淬态合金, 硼对因促进非晶的形成而显著提高循环寿命.