入力资源价值衡量之我见

人力资源价值衡量不仅有可行性,也有操作可行性。人力资源的价值在一定程度上是可以衡量的,但无法做到精确地衡量,这应该根据我们的研究目的和需要进行选择。     

西部经济增长的人力资源开发战略

西部地区的经济发展需要充分开发当地的人力资源,人力资源开发应成为西部优先发展的战略目标。本文论述了人力资源开发与经济发展的关系,分析了西部地区人力资源现状和存在的问题,在此基础上提出了西部人力资源开发战略。     

重庆市三大经济区域人力资源现状比较研究

本文对重庆市都市发达经济圈、渝西经济走廊、三峡库区生态经济区的人力资源现状进行比较分析的基础上,得出分析结论,提出了建议及措施。     

家庭老年照料经济价值及其影响因素——基于意愿调查法的研究

基于2019年中国人口与发展研究中心与南开大学老龄健康与民生保障研究基地在全国四个省市组织的“家庭老年照料经济价值问卷调查”数据,采用意愿调查方法(CVM)评估家庭老年照料的经济价值,并检验收入水平和健康状况对家庭老年照料经济价值的影响。研究发现对于家庭老年照料,受访者支付意愿(WTP)的平均金额为每小时31.73元,接受政府补贴意愿(WTA)的平均金额为每小时41.98元。收入水平和健康状况仅对支付意愿的金额产生显著影响,并不影响接受补贴的意愿。此外,相较于对照组,年龄较大、患有慢性病、无配偶、初中学历、不住自己房子的受访者不愿意为家庭老年照料付费也不愿意接受补贴的概率更大。本文的研究结论将为政府出台家庭老年照料的支持政策提供决策参考。     

论我国人力资源结构性矛盾与经济可持续发展

我国当前人力资源问题既有总量矛盾也有结构矛盾。随着产业结构调整和经济增方式的转变,人力资源结构性矛盾日益突出。主要表现为:总量性过剩与结构性短缺并存;产业结构转变与劳动者职业素质提高不同步性;劳动力的整体素质较低与人才资源不足等。只有解决人力资源结构性矛盾才能提高经济增长质量,并从根本上解决就业矛盾,实现经济可持续发展。     

成人教育是推动吉林省县域经济发展的助力器

县域经济是国民经济的重要组成部分,发展县域经济从根本上说就是全面提升和合理开发县域人力资源,成人教育通过提高县域人力资源的素质促进县域经济的发展。列举吉林省县域成人教育发展现状及存在的问题,分析成人教育与县域经济发展的关系,阐述成人教育在吉林省县域经济发展中的作用,提出通过发展成人教育来推动吉林省县域经济发展。     

论可持续发展要求下的人与人公平

本文从社会伦理和实践行为两个方面 ,探讨了人与人公平的基本原理和行为标度 ,提出了衡量社会公平的理论模型和实践准则。旨在通过和谐人与人之间的相依关系 ,以保障人类社会的可持续发展。     

老年知识分子的社会价值及其开发利用探析

我国已进入老龄化社会,老年知识分子的开发利用对我国当前社会经济发展具有重要的作用和贡献。本文将通过分析老年知识分子所具有的社会价值,以及制约老年知识分子发挥其社会价值的因素,提出挖掘和利用好老年知识分子社会价值的对策。     

吉林省县域教育与县域经济的互动发展研究

农村剩余劳动力转移和农民人口素质的提高是我国县域经济发展的两个难点,而以发展县域教育为形式的合理、全面地开发县域人力资源正是解决上述问题的关键。文章从人力资源开发的角度,以吉林省为例阐述县域教育和县域经济的现状和问题及其成因,通过对县域经济和县域教育的关系分析,论述县域教育在县域经济发展中的作用,并提出通过互动发展的形式来推动县域教育和县域经济建设的建议。     

新时期人力资源开发与提高经济增长质量和效益研究

新时期加快人力资源开发已成为提高经济增长质量与效益的根本前提。人力资源开发是经济社会发展的内在主导力量的源泉。因此,当前如何寻求有效对策加快人力资源开发,已成为新世纪我国具有重大战略意义的紧迫课题。     

长期失能老人照料决策研究——以个人资本为视角

本文运用半结构式访谈的研究方法,从需要长期照料即长期失能老人的视角出发,引入林南的个人资本理论来分析老人的长期照料决策。通过对武汉市和广州市13名居家和21名居住在养老院的长期失能老人的访谈,发现对于城市长期失能老人的照料决策而言：第一,长期照料决策受到资本不平等的影响;第二,长期照料决策受到资源收益最大化的影响。     

Family and school capital explaining regional variation in math and reading achievement

We know that inequality varies by region and also begins early in life. Bivariate data suggest that 5–14-year-old children in the 1994 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY) score differently in reading and mathematics achievement depending on their region, with children in the South and West scoring lower. We combine literatures on regional bases of inequality and family and school capital to generate hypotheses explaining these differences. Analyses of covariance provide supportive evidence. For both outcomes among boys, the variation is explained by additive models including family and child social and human capital, although selected aspects of school capital are also influential; these models also explain math achievement among girls. A model including both additive and interactive effects explains regional differences in reading achievement for girls. We interpret these findings in terms of their implications for studying inequality in child achievement as well as for emphasizing the importance of regional inequality, particularly beyond the South versus non-South distinction.     

A Discrepancy Index for the Study of Participation with an Application to the Case of Higher Education in Italy

This article proposes and applies a simple method to measure the distance from a situation of uniform participation. First, a discrepancy index based on the use of generalized Lorenz curves is presented. This index can be expressed in terms of means and Gini indices of relevant characteristics in the populations of participants and that of a control group. A multivariate extension is also illustrated. The discrepancy index is then used to analyse access into higher education in Italy during the nineties. Discrepancy between participants and non-participants is especially high in terms of parents’ wealth and education, less in terms of income. Also, discrepancy is higher during recessions. Multivariate analysis reveals that “cultural constrains” are more important than financial constraints. Hence, efforts to equalize opportunity for access into higher education should be as much focussed on motivation and social background as they are on financial constraints.

Production and consumption externalities of human capital: an empirical study for Italy

The estimation of the effect of local human capital on wages only might not identify properly human capital spillovers. Appropriate identification requires considering the joint effect of local human capital on both wages and rents. Empirically, we study the effects of local human capital on household-level rents and individual-level wages for a sample of Italian local labour markets. Our results show a positive and robust effect of local human capital on rents, supporting the idea that human capital generates positive externalities at the local level. Our results also suggest that consumption and production externalities have a similar impact on wages.

An Empirical Analysis of Social Capital and Economic Growth in Europe (1980–2000)

It is of paramount concern for economists to uncover the factors that determine economic growth and social development. In recent years a new field of investigation has come to the fore in which social capital is analysed in order to determine its effect on economic growth. Along these lines the work presented here examines the relationships that exist between human and social capital and economic growth. The applied part of the analysis is performed using a panel data model for 14 economically developed countries (OEDC) and by using a series of chronological periods that fall within the 1980–2000 time-frame. A revision of the social capital literature was first carried out and the potential links between social and human capital discussed. The study begins by assessing the way in which the two types of capital interact, how they should be measured and the best way of quantifying their importance within applied models. The econometric model uses panel data, and this enables the analysis to obtain robust results with respect to the role of different types of capital i.e. human physical and social.     

论山东人力资源开发与人力资本形成

人力资本是经济增长的源泉和动力。本文通过历史资料对山东省人力资源现状进行考察,指出山东省人力资源总体素质水平与其经济发展水平不相适应。针对人力资源现状结合山东新时期经济发展目标,提出应大胆进行人力资本投资制度创新,提高人力资本投资强度,改善人力资本投资结构,尤其是要使人力资源开发与经济比较优势相结合等重要解决措施。     

The uncertain lifetime and the timing of human capital investment

I examine the effects of mortality decline on fertility and human capital investment decision of parents taking into account the uncertainty about child survival. I propose a model, where parents decide on their fertility before the uncertainty is realized, but they choose to invest only in human capital of their surviving children. The model implies a positive relationship between mortality and fertility and a negative one between mortality and educational investment. It has been argued elsewhere that as, in reality, most of the mortality decline occurred in infancy, it should not affect the human capital investment decision, which comes later in life. Thus, increased survival chances should not promote growth by raising the human capital investment. This paper argues the contrary and proposes a mechanism where mortality decline at any age before the teen years can promote growth by raising human capital investment regardless of the timing of the educational investment.      

New Evidence of the Postmaterialist Shift: The Experience of Hong Kong

This article makes use of survey data collected in 1992 and 2007 to examine the question of whether or not Postmaterialism is gradually becoming manifest in Hong Kong and to explore the applicability of Postmaterialist theory to this affluent Chinese society. Our findings basically support the hypotheses of the theory that the continued socioeconomic development of Hong Kong is giving rise to a populace that is increasingly inclined towards Postmaterialism. Younger people are more Postmaterialist than their seniors. In addition, Postmaterialists are more likely than Materialists to support the ‘new politics’ and democracy. Nevertheless, Hong Kong is far from being a Postmaterialist society. Multivariate regression analysis also revealed that the Materialist/Postmaterialist orientation is neither related to age nor to formative security.

市场转型、社会资本与城市居民的贫困缓解：以广州和兰州的贫困居民为例

使用广州和兰州的实证数据,在对贫困居民的社会资本测量的基础上,对贫困居民所拥有的各种资本包括社会资本、人力资本和传统体制资本与贫困居民的贫困缓解关系进行探讨。结果表明,个体的社会资本对居民的贫困缓解具有显著意义,但是人力资本、体制资本对个体生活机遇建构无显著意义。文后对市场转型论进行回应,并对城市贫困居民主要资本类型作用的制度环境进行了解释与讨论。     

人力资本理论的演进及对人力资源开发的作用

人力资本的内涵和特征是随着历史的发展而确立和延伸的。本文梳理了中外学者对“人力资本”的不同定义,分析了人力资本理论的发展及其概念的扩展,以及人力资本理论对人力资源开发理论和实践的指导作用。指出人力资源开发研究者应进一步在个人、组织、社区和国际水平上探索人力资本理论和人力资源开发的关系。