共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 281 毫秒
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研究不同模型对土壤有机质空间预测的性能差异对制定更加科学合理的采样策略、提升采样效率和提高土壤空间预测精度有着重要的指导意义。本研究将6496个土壤样点按8∶2的比例分层随机分成训练集与验证集,应用普通克里格、随机森林以及随机森林-回归克里格三种有代表性的数字化土壤制图(Digital Soil Mapping,DSM)模型,对河南省许昌市耕地表层土壤有机质含量及空间分布进行预测,对三种模型性能表现进行综合评价。三种模型输出的预测结果显示:研究区耕地表层土壤有机质含量水平一般,均值为18.70 ~ 18.81 g kg?1,变异系数0.15 ~ 0.17,属中等强度变异;空间分布总体格局为西北与西南部分山地褐土区、东南部砂姜黑土区表层有机质含量高,中北部脱潮土、石灰性潮土区表层有机质含量低。验证结果表明:三种模型性能表现无明显差距,预测精度基本一致,输出结果对研究区耕地表层土壤有机质变异解释百分比在33% ~ 34%之间,在相同和相近尺度土壤有机质空间预测案例研究里属中等水平。在协变量有限且样点分布较为均匀的情况下,普通克里格模型便于快速获得研究区目标变量的空间分布;如果协变量比较丰富且易于收集利用,或是进行空间预测的同时还需要甄别不同因素对目标变量的影响大小,则建议采用随机森林模型;协变量有限,但样点密度较大时,随机森林-回归克里格模型可能是对目标变量进行空间预测的不错选择。 相似文献
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提升土壤属性空间预测精度对实现农田精准施肥和保护生态环境具有重要意义。利用河北省滦平县采集的1 773个样点耕地表层(0~20cm)土壤有机质(SOM)及其地理环境数据,通过逐步回归分析方法筛选出最优环境变量;基于其中1 426个农田样点分别建立多元线性回归(Multiple Linear Regression,MLR)、随机森林(Random Forest,RF)、贝叶斯正则化神经网络(Bayesian regularization neural network,BRNNBP)以及与普通克里格(OK)整合模型(MLR-OK、RF-OK和BRNNBP-OK)预测SOM空间分布,以其余347个样点数据为测试集检验分析不同模型预测精度,并对模型残差进行半方差函数和空间自相关分析以评价模型拟合效果。结果表明,研究区耕地表层土壤SOM处在8.62~35.64 g·kg-1变化区间,变异系数为20.26%,属中等程度空间变异;SOM高值区主要分布在东北及东南海拔较高地区,低值区多分布在西南及中部河谷地区;海拔、坡度和年均温度与SOM关系密切(P<0.001);整合模型... 相似文献
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基于可见近红外和中红外近地面光谱数据融合的土壤有机碳含量反演 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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黄土高原不同地貌区农田土壤有机质预测方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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基于GARBF神经网络的耕地土壤有效磷空间变异分析 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
为了调整耕地管理措施、合理施用磷肥、减少磷素流失、降低水体非点源污染,该研究以高州市为例,在全市各区镇共采集了664个耕作层(0~20cm)土样,利用遗传算法优化的径向基函数(radial basis function network optimized by geneti calgorithm,GARBF)神经网络和普通克里金法(Ordinary Kriging)等方法,分析了县域耕地土壤有效磷在不同采样尺度下的空间变异特征及其空间分布格局与成因。结果表明,高州市耕地表层土壤有效磷存在半方差结构,半方差函数曲线与指数和球状模型曲线拟合较好;5种采样尺度下(训练样点数分别为100、200、300、400和500)耕地表层土壤有效磷均表现出弱的结构空间相关,在较大范围内空间自相关性较差。GARBF神经网络空间插值能力在整体上要有优于基于邻近点RBF神经网络和普通克里金法。300样本下GARBF神经网络空间插值结果表明,高州市耕地表层土壤有效磷的盈余现象比较严重,并且盈余有效磷的流失对该地区水环境会产生严重的威胁。该研究结果可以为土壤属性空间估测、合理施肥以及降低水体非点源污染提供理论依据和技术支持。 相似文献
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Land-use effects on organic matter and physical properties of soil in a southern Mediterranean highland of Turkey 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
Forest and grassland soils in highlands of southern Mediterranean Turkey are being seriously degraded and destructed due to extensive agricultural activities. This study investigated the effects of changes in land-use type on some soil properties in a Mediterranean plateau. Three adjacent land-use types included the cultivated lands, which have been converted from pastures for 12 years, fragmented forests, and unaltered pastures lands. Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were collected from four sites at each of the three different land-use types from depths of 0–10 cm and 10–20 cm in Typic Haploxeroll soils with an elevation of about 1400 m. When the pasture was converted into cultivation, soil organic matter (SOM) pool of cultivated lands for a depth of 0–20 cm were significantly reduced by, on average 49% relative to SOM content of the pasture lands. There was no significant difference in SOM between the depths in each land-use type, and SOM values of the forest and pasture lands were almost similar. There was also a significant change in soil bulk density (BD) among cultivation (1.33 Mg m−3), pasture (1.19 Mg m−3), and forest (1.25 Mg m−3) soils at depth of 0–20 cm. Only for the pasture, BD of the depth of 0–10 cm was significantly different from that of 10–20 cm. Depending upon the increases in BD and disruption of pores by cultivation, total porosity decreased accordingly. Cultivation of the unaltered pasture obviously increased the soil erodibility measured by USLE-K factor for each soil depth, and USLE-K factor was approximately two times greater in the cultivated land than in the pasture indicating the vulnerability of the cultivated land to water erosion. The mean weight diameter (MWD) and water-stable aggregation (WSA) were greater in the pasture and forest soils compared to the cultivated soils, and didn’t change with the depth for each land-use type. Aggregates of >4.0 mm size were dominant in the pasture and forest soils, whereas the cultivated soils comprised aggregates of the size ≤0.5 mm. I found that samples collected from cultivated land gave the lowest saturated hydraulic conductivity values regardless of soil depths, whereas the highest values were measured on samples from forest soils. In conclusion, the results showed that the cultivation of the pastures degraded the soil physical properties, leaving soils more susceptible to the erosion. This suggests that land disturbances should be strictly avoided in the pastures with the limited soil depth in the southern Mediterranean highlands. 相似文献