彩色体三维显示系统上基于GPU的实时均匀体素化算法

为了使基于旋转屏的彩色体三维显示设备在显示动态场景时实时且高分辨率、高质量地实现圆柱体空间彩色体素化,提出了一种基于GPU的算法.首先在长方体空间内完成对三维场景的实时彩色体素化,将生成的数据保存于多张纹理工作表中;然后采取多对多映射的方法对这些工作表进行重采样,得到该场景在圆柱体空间内均匀的彩色体素化结果.实验结果表明,该算法在GPU内完成,达到了实时性要求,并在基于LED旋转屏的体三维显示设备上获得了令人满意的三维虚拟场景再现效果.     

利用几何求交实现三角网格模型快速体素化

为解决现有的三角网格模型体素化算法存在的体素寻找不全或者体素化效率不高的问题,提出一种快速的三角网格模型体素化算法.该算法分为表面体素化和内部体素化2个步骤:表面体素化使用几何求交方法快速寻找三角形与全部体素的相交多边形顶点,并将这些顶点和与三角形相交的体素一一对应,得到每一个三角形的相交体素,从而得到与三角网表面相交的全部体素;内部体素化使用同时填充内部和外部体素的扫描线种子填充算法,填充过程中使用变长队列,在保持算法的正确性和效率的同时大幅减小算法的空间复杂度.使用三角形数量较多的模型进行高分辨率体素化的实验结果表明,文中算法耗时短,在三角形数量较多时体素化效率显著提高.     

基于径向夹角直方图的3维模型检索

针对表面法向存在的姿态敏感问题,提出了以法向和极半径构造旋转不变的径向夹角几何特征。在此基础上,结合模型极半径定义径向夹角直方图应用于3维模型检索。算法首先对模型采用一系列同心球进行分解。对落入每个球环的点,计算径向夹角用于描述其局部几何属性。最后结合极半径和径向夹角构造旋转不变直方图特征。此外,针对网格表面点随机采样存在的分布不均匀问题,采用了体素化使采样点在表面分布更为均匀。实验结果表明,径向夹角直方图在检索准确率和检索效率方面要优于其他类似的直方图。     

三维种子填充算法的改进

改进了三维种子填充算法：修改了栈结构,采用区段索引表和区段表的方法存储扫描线区段信息和区段填充标志,用区段端点体素入栈代替种子体素入栈.通过设置区段填充标志,避免对已填充区段体素的重复判读,消除冗余种子体素的产生;利用相邻扫描线填充次序的连贯性消除不必要的回溯操作,并减少了回溯扫描区间.实验结果表明,改进算法提高了三维种子填充算法的效率.     

突变策略下多通路Metropolis光照传播

目的 针对多通路Metropolis光照传播（multiplexed Metropolis light transport,MMLT）算法在亮度不均匀区域接受概率低、采样数量与光照分布不对称以及亮度均匀区域样本流动性差的问题,提出一种兼顾整体和局部处理的融合突变策略。方法 整体上,以方差动态度量像素平面亮度均匀度,并自适应调整采样步长,记录每个像素位置的采样数量,当采样进行到当前采样像素的样本数量达到阈值,且当前样本是马尔可夫链起始样本或大突变后首个样本时,以方差度量当前采样像素及其8邻域范围内亮度均匀程度,并以方差的计算结果调整当前马尔可夫链的采样步长。若当前采样像素的样本数量达到阈值,且当前样本是马尔可夫链小突变时,则兼顾采样数量和光照强度计算当前像素8邻域内的采样权重。结果 实验将改进算法和MMLT算法在不同光照和材质的场景下进行对比,改进算法在保证高光区域渲染效果外,使亮度不均匀区域的渲染结果更加细腻,亮度均匀区域样本更为分散。结论 本文提出以方差动态度量图像亮度均匀度,自适应调整采样步长与加强高光区域采样相结合的融合突变策略,可以使样本在亮度不均匀区域聚集进行精细采样,在亮度变化剧烈处改善局部采样数量与光照分布不对称现象,在亮度均匀区域增强样本的遍历性。     

掌纹样本采集技术及预处理技术的分析与研究

对掌纹识别技术中的采样方法、色彩校正、亮度分布不均匀校正、手形朝向校正及目标区域获取这些技术进行了分析和研究,提出了改进的采样方法、基于采样统计的掌纹色斑校正方法、基于亮度分布估计的图像内亮度分布不均匀的校正方法、基于数学形态学的手形方向校正及目标区域获取方法。实验结果表明这些方法取得了良好的效果。     

图形处理器上地质模型的快速体素化

基于图形处理器(GPU)上的多目标缓存提出了一种新的地质模型快速体素化算法,可以在GPU上绘制模型的过程中在像素着色器中利用多目标缓存上的逻辑或操作完成模型表面体素化处理,在后处理的屏幕绘制过程中对模型内部进行体素化填充,极大地提高了计算速度,使得大规模地质模型可以在常见GPU平台上得以实时体素化,可以较好地处理模型内部的空腔等问题。针对算法在模型相近表面或微小凹凸处会产生错误的情况,设计了一种基于逻辑异或操作的实体体素化改进算法,使其结果更为快速准确。     

三维模型面片链码表示方法

将三维模型的三角面片表示与基于体素的链码技术相结合,提出一种基于体素的三维模型面片链码表示方法.首先对三维模型进行基于体素空间的切分,将获得的面片顶点归一化在体素顶点上,构造基于体素三角面片的模型表示;然后依据构造的体素三角面片间连接边与第3顶点的位置关系定义面片链码的数据结构;再根据连接边的类型和方向计算层次三角面片法向量的大小和方向;最后通过逐层遍历体素内归一化的三角面片,获得三维模型的面片链码表示.相应地,给出了面片链码的解码方法.文中比较了面片链码与其他三维模型压缩算法的压缩效率和时间开销,计算了不同体素粒度切分的三维模型与被切分的原始模型之间以及与体素切分模型具有同级别面片数量的原始模型之间的误差,结果表明,该方法能够有效地表达三维模型.     

利用改进的彩色光度立体法实现非刚性体三维数字化

针对非刚性体具有易变形和色彩多样的特点,而传统的光度立体法不能用于动态多色物体的三维数字化的问题,提出一种利用实例球驱动和颜色替换的彩色光度立体法.对于动态纯色非刚性体,利用采样球实例驱动的彩色光度立体法建立亮度与法向量的对应关系,并通过几何约束实现对其三维数字化;对于双色花纹物体,通过区域分割对不同区域采用对应关系实现三维数字化;对于多色花纹物体,通过不同颜色花纹在白光下的反射系数比将彩色区域替换成与纯色采样球颜色一致时的对应亮度,以实现对其三维数字化.仿真和实验结果表明,该方法简单、采样快速,可以实现对非刚性体的三维数字化.     

一种无需包围盒的自适应采样可见外壳生成算法

针对可见外壳的体构造方法需要事先知道包围盒和转成三角面表示时低曲率区域存在大量小三角面的问题,本文提出一种基于体素生长的自适应采样可见外壳构造方法.将物体三维表面视为等值面,用多目立体匹配的方法求得等值面附近的一个空间点;然后以该点为中心构造体素,将体素在等值面上生长直至遍历整个等值面;同时根据体素的曲率变化控制下一个生长体素的大小.实验结果表明本文方法在不知道物体包围盒大小的情况下能够计算出可见外壳,而自适应采样可解决过多小三角面的问题.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。