基于非达西渗流的砂井地基固结解

采用考虑起始水力梯度的非达西渗流模型,修正了砂井地基固结理论.建立了相应的控制方程,并对其求解,给出了便于应用的显式解答,在此基础上研究了考虑起始水力梯度时砂井地基的固结性状.结果表明,由于起始水力梯度的存在,应力固结度最终将稳定在一个小于100%的数值上,最终的固结度随着起始水力梯度增大而减小.初始孔压也会对固结性状产生影响,初始孔压越大,孔压消散越充分,最终达到的应力固结度越大.但是初始孔压增大到一定值之后,最终固结度对其灵敏度降低.     

基于非达西渗流的砂井地基径向固结解

采用考虑起始水力梯度的非达西渗流模型,修正了砂并地基固结理论.建立了相应的控制方程,并对其求解,给出了便于应用的显式解答,在此基础上研究了考虑起始水力梯度时砂井地基的固结性状.结果表明,由于起始水力梯度的存在,应力固结度最终将稳定在一个小于100％的数值上,最终的固结度随着起始水力梯度增大而减小.初始孔压也会对固结性状产生影响,初始孔压越大,孔压消散越充分,最终达到的应力固结度越大.但是初始孔压增大到一定值之后,最终固结度对其灵敏度降低.     

考虑起始水力梯度时双层地基的一维固结

文章针对双层饱和粘土地基,建立了考虑起始水力梯度的一维固结方程,并用有限差分法求解。计算结果表明,只要起始水力梯度大于零,地基的固结速率就慢于Terzaghi固结理论,而且当主固结完成时,土层中存在一定的残余孔隙水压力无法完全消散,因而土层的最终平均固结度小于1;另外,固结系数并不是决定双层地基固结特性的惟一土性指标,除渗透系数及压缩模量外,渗流起始水力梯度和地面荷载也都对双层地基的固结有重要影响。     

非达西渗流时一维固结方程的两种数值解法

Terzaghi一维固结理论对低渗饱和地基沉降的预测值与实际值之间存在较大误差,原因之一在于其假定地基的渗流符合Darcy定律.在采用考虑起始水力梯度的非Darcy渗流方程和承认Terzaghi一维固结理论其他假定的基础上,重新推导了饱和粘土一维固结方程,并分别给出了有限差分法和有限体积法的离散格式.对单面排水情况下渗流前锋和固结度的计算结果证明了两种数值方法的适用性,而有限体积法具有更好的收敛性.     

考虑起始比降和井阻作用的竖井地基固结近似解

在传统竖井地基固结理论的基础上,考虑起始比降对土体内渗流的影响,建立新的固结计算模型,并推导既可考虑起始比降也能考虑井阻作用的竖井地基中渗流移动边界与时间的关系表达式及孔压和固结度的近似解析表达式。通过对比计算,分析起始比降对竖井地基固结性状的影响及竖井地基的孔压分布情况。研究结果表明:在存在起始比降的竖井地基中,渗流是沿径向和竖向发展,深度越大,孔压消散越慢,而在一定深度以下的土体将不会发生渗流和固结。因为起始比降的影响,土体中孔压不会完全消散,存在残余孔压;按孔压定义的固结度一直小于100%。最终固结度除与荷载有关,还与起始比降有关。     

考虑非Darcy渗流和自重应力的一维固结分析

基于饱和黏土中渗流的非Darcy特性和变形的非线性,考虑土体埋深和自重应力的影响,修正了Terzaghi 1维固结方程.为简化计算,建立了以有效应力为求解对象的非线性控制方程,并采用有限差分法建立隐式差分格式对方程进行求解.探讨了综合考虑土体渗流非Darcy特性、埋深、自重应力和变形非线性时的固结特性.计算结果表明:考虑土体自重应力时的孔压消散速率和地基沉降速率都要大于不考虑土体自重时的情况;综合考虑土体自重、非Darcy渗流特性和变形非线性的孔压消散速率和地基沉降速率都可能出现前期快于Terzaghi固结理论解而后期相反的情况.     

基于非牛顿指数描述的饱和黏土一维非线性固结分析

在考虑半对数应力应变关系的基础上,引入非牛顿指数描述的非达西渗流模型,建立一维固结方程,采用有限差分法求其数值解,并与Terzaghi解答和Davis解答对比验证数值方法的有效性.据此,分析土体应力应变非线性和渗流的非达西特性对饱和粘土一维固结的影响.结果表明,非牛顿指数i0越大,土层厚度与地基平均竖向总应力的等效水头的比值越大,固结速率越低;地面荷载越大,孔压消散速率和地基沉降速率都越快,按沉降定义的固结度要略大于按孔压定义的固结度;压缩指数与渗透指数的比值越大,固结速率越慢;初始有效应力越大,固结速率越快.     

考虑指数流的真空预压竖井地基固结解析解

传统固结理论认为渗流速度和水力梯度呈线性关系,但在软塑性土地基中常出现背离线性关系的情况,即为非达西渗流模式。在经典竖井地基固结理论的基础上,假设孔隙水渗透服从指数渗流模式,并结合真空预压的边界条件,建立新的竖井地基固结计算模型,获得超静孔压和径向固结度的严格解答,并通过开展多工况算例对比,分析指数渗流模型参数和真空压力沿竖井衰减系数等对竖井地基固结计算结果的影响效应。研究结果表明:非达西渗流指数m对固结速率影响最为显著,在固结初期,m越大,固结速率越快;在固结后期,m越小,固结速率越快;涂抹区参数s及κh/κs越大,竖井地基固结速率越慢;负压衰减系数k1和k2、真空荷载p0越大,固结速率越快。     

考虑应力时空效应及桩体固结变形的 复合地基固结解

运用新的求解方法及解的表达形式,推导了考虑桩体固结变形、加载过程、附加应力非均布、扰动区土体渗透系数连续线性变换、地基径竖向渗流等复杂因素的一个较全面的散体材料桩复合地基固结解析解,并对解进行了分析、比较、验证.结果表明:本文解可以退化为瞬时加载条件下的解、不考虑应力随深度变换条件下的解以及Terzaghi一维固结解等已有解析解;地基底部附加应力越小,固结越快;不考虑桩体固结变形时地基固结比考虑桩体变形时快,桩径比越小,差异越明显.     

不同水压下的黏土孔压传递规律试验

对于在不同固结压力下固结的黏土,当对其施加不同水压时,其中的孔压分布和传递规律是解决地下结构上的水压力大小、基础抗浮计算以及边坡稳定分析等岩土问题的关键。现利用研制的试验设备对黏土开展试验,进行渗流状态和静水状态下孔压传递规律分析。试验结果表明:不论是渗流状态,还是静水状态,黏土内各点孔压趋于稳定所需时间均随固结压力的增大而变长,即固结压力越大,孔压传递越慢;因水压引起的超静孔压,渗流状态下的黏土内各点孔压偏离线性分布,表明黏土中的孔隙水未完全与外部水形成水力联系;静水状态下的黏土内各点孔压传递与理论一致,呈线性分布,不过当水压小于固结压力时,土体内各点孔压会略小于理论水压值,但依然呈线性变化。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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