创新“城中村”社区治理的对策思考——以泉州市城东片区四社区为研究对象

创新"城中村"社区治理工作,是有效推进社会管理的重要内容。近年来泉州市在"城中村"社区治理方面进行了积极探索,并取得明显成效。要实现以"城中村"社区治理工作的创新推动城市管理创新,泉州应该在社区治理主体多元化、社区工作方式民主化、居民保障水平提高、社区管理者素质提升、社区文化建设加强等五个方面继续推进各种有益探索。     

城中村居民参与生态修复的意愿研究——基于广州的调查数据分析

快速的城市化进程打破了城中村生态系统平衡,亟须进行生态修复活动。在广州城中村问卷调查的基础上,通过建立Logit模型,从个体感知与环境约束两个方面对居民参与城中村生态修复意愿的影响因素进行了分析。回归结果显示,个体感知因素中的三个变量都显著负向影响居民的生态修复参与意愿。环境约束的四个变量中有三个显著影响居民参与生态修复的意愿,研究结论基本与假设吻合。基于上述研究,认为应进一步改善居民的个体感知和环境约束因素,从维护居民自身利益和生活环境需要出发,通过利益引导,构建居民全过程参与生态修复的动力机制。     

城中村儿童社区照顾中心运营模式实践与探索

儿童社区照顾中心坚持互助合作的理念,采用"党政领导、机构培育、自组织运作、社会支持、社区参与"的运作模式,在人员队伍、经费结构、服务内容、工作方法等方面都进行了有益的实践,探索了服务方向上以需求为本、组织管理上建章立制、参与主体上多方协同、服务对象上分类细化、服务内容上综合支持等多项具有参考意义的服务工作策略。城中村儿童社区照顾服务从社区层面缓解了家庭照顾压力,满足了儿童基础性照顾需求,有助于儿童综合成长,促进社区照顾中心运营及其服务实现共建共治共享,值得在同类城中村社区推广与借鉴。     

城中村集体行动何以可能?——基于西头新村自发合作治理的个案研究

城市化的快速发展,使深圳成为全国唯一没有农村的城市,也使深圳市成为全国城中村数量最多的城市。城中村有其历史作用和价值,也暴露了一些问题,深圳市政府把城中村的改造治理提上议程。在"强政府-弱社会"的背景下,城中村的改造治理往往采取"政府主导,市场运作"的方法。因此,很少有村民自发合作治理的集体行动发生。本文利用西头新村这一天然田野实验室,以集体行动的逻辑为视角,来探讨在无公权力和开发商参与下,自发合作治理的集体行动得以形成的机制。在"利维坦式"和市场化之外,为城中村的改造治理提供新的视角。本文认为在改造治理过程中,政府应转变改造治理的思路和更多地兼顾流动人口利益,为这些流动人口提供居住之所。     

城中村发展中的社区动员与青年参与

以厦门市城中村M社博物馆建设项目为例探究在城中村"口述史行动"中青年参与社区活动情况发现:组织动员是社区动员开启的引擎,需求整合是社区动员促进青年人参与的基础,需求整合下促进青年社区主体性的实现是青年由最初观望态度到积极参与的内在动力。村庄精英的经验和意识动员、专家的知识权威动员、青年人参与中形成的内化动员,这三大主体互动形成的行动逻辑是促进青年人由被动参与到主动参与的核心机制。     

生态社区与新型社区治理生态化——兼论推进广州市新型社区治理模式生态化变革的策略

生态社区与新型社区生态治理模式变革密切相关,生态社区的理论研究与生态社区建设实践,为新型社区治理模式变革提供了观念和思维指引。本文采用文献法、总结法和抽象法,对新型社区生态治理模式变革的相关范畴和逻辑思维进行分析梳理,并以广州市新型社区治理生态化实践为例,分析了广州市新型社区治理生态性萌动实践的成效及问题,并提出了在广州市新型社区推进社区治理模式生态化变革的策略。     

多中心治理视角下社区社会组织参与社区治理研究

改革开放四十年来,我国政治、经济与文化发生了巨大变化,"单位制"的解体为城市社区发展开辟了一条崭新的道路。社区作为社会构成的基本单元,是国家治理体系的重要组成部分。在治理过程中,无论是社会治理还是社区治理,"多中心"治理都将是最终的理想状态。为此,在多中心治理视角下探讨社区社会组织参与社区治理具有重要意义。     

从"碎片化"到"网络化":促进社会组织参与社区治理的路径

作为"三社联动"主体之一的社会组织近年来虽然快速发展并逐步参与社区治理,但其发挥作用的领域及程度尚显不足,原因在于政府的相关政策措施、社会组织的规模结构与专业领域、社会组织能力建设等方面均存在"碎片化"的问题.为了使社会组织在社区治理中充分发挥作用,需要从政府、社会组织网络和社会组织三个层面持续改进,建立社会组织发展的政策支持网络、分层分类的社会组织构成网络以及社会组织自身的能力网络,实现社会组织良性健康发展,从而提升其参与社区治理的能力并扩大其在社区治理中的作用空间.     

新时代社区治理中社会参与机制创新研究

社区是社会治理的基本单位,社区治理在新时代中国特色社会主义建设中有着重要的地位。然而,城乡社区统筹治理的研究并不多,通过文献检索发现,该领域的研究于2016年才兴起,2018年研究热度呈上升趋势,"新时代城乡社区治理"便具有了时代意义。而在梳理国内外社区治理研究的过程中,社会参与凸显出重要作用,因此,"社会参与机制"的创新研究又具有了现实意义。     

城中村健康更新设计——华中科技大学城市设计课程教学与学习评述

华中科技大学风景园林专业四年级城市设计课程教学,以武汉市中心区风光村更新改造设计为题,探索了存量建设背景下城中村社区的城市设计策略,并尝试了与之相适应的城市设计课程教学计划。论文研究选取一典型小组,由城市存量建设背景解读、经过健康社区等理论分析、到基于光环境的社区更新设计,取得了师生共赏的学习成果。论文通过对此典型小组学习成果的阶段性展示与评述,反思教学过程中教师导引和与学生学习之间的互动关系,为存量建设背景下城中村健康更新设计教学提供了借鉴。     

公用事业公有制的多种实现形式

分析了公用事业由国有独资经营向公有制多种实现形式转化必须把握好的几个方面。同时,政府应加强对公用事业的宏观控制力。     

Accuracy of the judgment of facial expression of emotions as a function of sex and level of education

The purpose of this study is to examine the recognition of facial expressions of six emotions as a function of sex and level of education (high school, college, university) of the subjects. Three hundred French-speaking citizens of Quebec had to judge which emotion was expressed in various facial stimuli presented on slides. Results show that overall, the recognition of emotions was very good. However, there were significant and strong differences between emotions and sex and levels of education did not have strong effects on the results.This research was supported by grant EQ-1717 from Fonds FCAC (Gouvernment du Quebec).     

Developing understanding of the idea of communities of learners

The idea of a community of learners is based on the premise that learning occurs as people participate in shared endeavors with others, with all playing active but often asymmetrical roles in sociocultural activity. This contrasts with models of learning that are based on one‐sided notions of learning— either that it occurs through transmission of knowledge from experts or acquisition of knowledge by novices, with the learner or the others (respectively) in a passive role. In this paper, I develop the distinction between the community of learners and one‐sided approaches from the perspective of a theory of learning as participation, and use two lines of research to illustrate the transitions in perspective necessary to understand the idea of communities of learners. One line of research examines differing models of teaching and learning employed by caregivers and toddlers from Guatemalan Mayan and middle‐class European‐American families; the other line of research involves a study of how middle‐class parents make a transition from their own schooling background to participate in instruction in a public US elementary school.     

浅析廊坊市加快科学发展的思路及措施

主要从思想建设、产业结构调整、城乡一体化方面探讨廊坊市抓住发展机遇,加快科学发展的思路。     

The frequency of sexual abuse and depression in a sample of street children of one of deprived districts of Tehran

The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of sexual abuse and depression among street children who live in a deprived district of Tehran. The researchers used the K-SADS questionnaire and a clinical interview were used to evaluate depression and sexual abuse in 87 street children in Tehran. Eighteen (20.9%) of the children had been sexually abused. Depressed children were 3.2 times more likely to be sexually abused than non-depressed children. Furthermore, 26 girls (86.7%) and 27 boys (48.2%) suffered from depression. The frequency of depression demonstrated a significant association with the father's or breadwinner's history of imprisonment or unemployment. Interventional programs providing education and support should be implemented for street children.     

劳动法视域下新生代农民工权利缺失问题

中国经济崛起和城市化进程过程中农民工的贡献有目共睹,城市让生活更美好的诱惑使得中国的新老两代农民工从农村流入城市,2008年1月1日的《劳动合同法》和《劳动争议调解仲裁法》让社会看到了改善农民工权利状况的希望,然而新生代农民工的权利保护尤其是作为一名劳动者的权利保护的现状依然不如人意,没有救济的权利不是真正的权利、迟来的正义是非正义,每年岁末对于农民工权益的突击性保障并不能从根本上解决问题,把包括农民工权益保障的社会问题纳入法治框架内、通过探析新生代农民工权利阙如问题及原因进而发现从制度层面进行解决才是解决农民工权益保障问题的根本途径。     

Evaluation of the location of cities in terms of land cover on the example of Poland

Urban Ecosystems - The increasing availability of remote sensing materials of varying spatial resolution inclines to look for methods enabling their use, both at planning the spatial structure of...     

The impact of generation and country of origin on the mental health of children of immigrants

The authors reexamine the study of generational differences in adjustment among the children of immigrants by arguing that the country of origin defines and shapes the adaptation process across generations. Using a sample of children in Toronto, the authors demonstrate that generational differences in the mental health of children occur only in families from countries of origin at the lowest levels of economic development. Among those at the lowest levels of economic development, a mental health advantage in the first generation evolves to a disadvantage in the 2.5 generation relative to third or later generational children. Children from backgrounds characterized by higher economic development show no initial or eventual differences from the native born. Using data from the Toronto Study of Intact Families, the authors are able to explain differences among children from low economic development backgrounds specifically in terms of increasing family conflict and decreasing school involvement across generations.     

Structuring of manual of orientations and technical information for laundries of industries of animal products origin

This study looked for to lift information regarding laundries inserted in industries of animal products origin, to understand the activities developed in the section and to structure a Manual of Planning and Technical Information for laundries to industries of animal products origin, with the intention of subsidizing the planning, structuring and control of this work place, because norms or regulations that supervise don't exist or aid their managers and workers as for the operation of this work place.     

Content-masking methods as determinants of results of studies of nonverbal communication

The present study was designed to determine whether the technique used to control the semantic content of emotional communications might influence the results of research on the effects of gender, age, and particular affects on accuracy of decoding tone of voice. Male and female college and elementary school students decoded a 48-item audio tape-recording of emotional expressions encoded by two children and two college students. Six emotions — anger, fear, happiness, jealousy, pride and sadness — were expressed in two types of content-standard messages, namely letters of the alphabet and an affectively neutral sentence. The results of the study indicate that different methods for controlling content can indeed influence the results of studies of determinants of decoding performance. Overall, subjects demonstrated greater accuracy when decoding emotions expressed in the standard sentence than when decoding emotions embedded in letters of the alphabet. A technique by emotion interaction, however, revealed that this was especially true for the purer emotions of anger, fear, happiness and sadness. Subjects identified the less pure emotions of jealousy and pride relatively more accurately when these emotions were embedded in the alphabet technique. The implications of these results for research concerning the vocal communication of affect are briefly discussed.Preparation of this article was supported in part by the National Science Foundation.