基于样图的排样及其样图检索方法

为解决不规则图形排样问题,讨论了基于实例(样图)的推理方法在零件排样问题中的应用,给出了基于样图的排样系统结构.此方法的一个关键问题是在已知待排的零件组和板料的前提下,如何从样图库中检索出相应样图的图形匹配方法.为此提出了基于图形(组)简化骨架的模式编码的串间Findler距离的图形(组)之间相似性检索算法,并给出了算例验证.     

基于成组原理的船舶件排样系统研究

针对船舶件排样问题,基于成组原理开发一种优化排样及数控切割系统。探讨了船舶件缺口和孔洞消除方法,完成船舶件多边形曲线的简化;基于射线投影法完成船舶件的形状特征识别,把其分类成预定义的模式;构建了零件成对成组规则,提出一种多边形模式成组方法;研究基于DXF文件的数控代码生成原理和开发基于SQL2000的船舶件排样数据库。通过船舶件排样系统验证,该方法可行,数控代码生成正确,能够有效完成船舶件排样。     

改进的遗传算法优化二维不规则图形排样

针对大规模零件和不规则石材下料优化排样问题,提出了改进的遗传算法优化排样方法.采取二进制与十进制混合编码的策略,既克服了单独使用二进制编码时,编码串太长且操作不方便的不足,又解决了十进制编码中相近的编码方案获得的材料利用率却相去甚远的问题;通过计算矢量图形的相似度,从而对图形群体进行分类,降低了遗传算法的时间复杂度.实验结果表明,该优化排样算法在时间复杂度和空间占有率上均优于传统的遗传算法优化排样.     

二维不规则零件排样问题的遗传算法求解

提出一种基于遗传算法求解二维不规则零件排样问题的方法，通过提取零件的最小包络矩形，将其转变为矩形件的正交排样问题，应用一种有效的解码算法－“最低水平线法”将编码转变为排样图。实例表明，该算法是有效的。     

实用异形件优化排样系统的研究与开发

对于多种不规则零件的优化排样,综合利用冲裁件排样中的图形识别和图形分析处理技术和拒形件的排样优化技术,在对它们作一些合理的改造后,有机地组合构造出多种不规则需件的5种排样算法。然后在保证可排性的条件下,将这些排样零件按不同的寻化规则排放到板材上去。为此研究开发了一些必要的许多图形处理技术,以保证算法的实现。这些算法具有优化效果好、自动化程度高、并且速度快等特点。因此在实际应用中,一般能为用户提供一个求解的效果接受率高或具有极好参考价值的解。在此基础上制作了一套操作方便、简单、快速的种不规则零件优化排样系统。     

异型件排样系统的研究与开发

对于多种不规则零件的排样问题，任何算法都难以保证总能得到最优解。该文采用计算机图形学处理技术以及现代智能算法相结合的方式，按照图形预处理，自动排样、人工交互编辑3步有效地解决了不规则零件的排样问题，并开发了相应的排样软件。     

排样图形匹配中的聚类算法应用研究

通过对排样问题的需要进行分析,选取了有效的聚类特征;通过对模糊C-均值算法和减法聚类算法的比较,选取减法聚类实现对排样图形的聚类;给出了针对排样问题的参数选取,文末给出了实例.     

一种实用的二维不规则零件排样算法

模拟人排样的排样过程,提出了排样问题的计算和过程模型,实现了直接对多边形进行排样,在实现每重零件的最优的基础上实现排样的近优,实现了快速高效的排样.     

一种实用的二维不规则零件排样算法

模拟人排样的排样过程,提出了排样问题的计算和过程模型,实现了直接对多边形进行排样,在实现每重零件的最优的基础上实现排样的近优,实现了快速高效的排样。     

基于自动碰撞技术的最优排样算法

提出一种针对不规模形状冲压零件排样的智能化算法。该算法利用了一种新的自动碰撞技术以寻求尽可能多的可行排样,并自动计算碰撞零件和固定（被撞）零件之间的动态距离。     

化学生物絮凝-悬浮填料床污水处理工艺的自控设计

介绍了化学生物絮凝-悬浮填料床城市污水处理工艺的中试试验系统。结合在线监测仪表分析了自动控制系统的设计,为工艺优化研究创造了条件,同时也可为该处理工艺的工程应用积累丰富的设计参数和自动控制的实际经验。     

机构方案概念设计的功能向量编码方法

针对机构方案概念设计的自动化程度不高的缺陷,提出了功能向量编码方法.该方法将机构功能用功能向量表示,功能向量所包含的对偶功能向量和功能矩阵分别表示功能向量的方向特性和量化特性,同时引入了补偿矩阵以对功能矩阵进行多次分解.建立了机构功能库,开发了机构方案概念设计系统,并将功能向量编码方法应用于机构功能的提取和操作.应用结果表明,将该方法应用于机构方案概念设计是可行的,提高了机构方案概念设计的自动化程度.     

Design of rectangular packings using decoders of block structure

Consideration was given to different formulations of the rectangle packing problem for which methods of information coding exist. Information is used by the decoder algorithms to design the permissible packings and their esquisses. The decoders are single-pass heuristics of polynomial complexity. Decoder design relied on the block representations of packing. The existing decoders such as the bottom-left, sequence pair, block design, and substitution were presented along with new modifications of the block approach to the deterministic heuristics. The results of numerical experiment and comparative analysis of decoder operation were presented in conclusion.     

基于PLC的中央泵房自动化设计

介绍了一种基于PLC的煤矿井下中央泵房自动控制系统的设计思路,给出了该系统的硬件框图和软件流程图。实践证明该系统设计符合要求,整体运行安全可靠、故障率低、节电效果明显。     

A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation

We outline a model for types and levels of automation that provides a framework and an objective basis for deciding which system functions should be automated and to what extent. Appropriate selection is important because automation does not merely supplant but changes human activity and can impose new coordination demands on the human operator. We propose that automation can be applied to four broad classes of functions: 1) information acquisition; 2) information analysis; 3) decision and action selection; and 4) action implementation. Within each of these types, automation can be applied across a continuum of levels from low to high, i.e., from fully manual to fully automatic. A particular system can involve automation of all four types at different levels. The human performance consequences of particular types and levels of automation constitute primary evaluative criteria for automation design using our model. Secondary evaluative criteria include automation reliability and the costs of decision/action consequences, among others. Examples of recommended types and levels of automation are provided to illustrate the application of the model to automation design     

基于B/S结构移动物流信息管理平台的设计与实现

本文设计基于B/S结构的移动物流信息管理平台,该平台具有物资产品采购、库存管理、出库、货物跟踪、物流信息查询等功能,实现物流信息管理自动化。基于B/S结构的移动物流信息管理平台采用面向对象设计,表示层、业务层和数据层三层设计结构,模块化平台功能,将平台划分为采购管理模块、库存管理模块和物流编码自动化管理模块,对模块进行设计和实现。     

一种基于二叉树结构表达的矩形物体布局的启发式方法

本文提出了一种利用二叉树结构表达矩形物体布局状态空间的方法．通过将布局空间依次分割，每次放入相对于当前布局空间来说是满足特定条件的最优布局块，并将该布局块定位于当前布局空间的左上角来完成不同大小矩形物体的布局方案的确定．通过调整调序因子ＫＡ和ＫＢ的值，可得到满足不同要求的优化布局方案．同时，所得布局方案均满足工业上一刀切的要求．实验结果证明了该算法的灵活性和有效性．     

Cyber-physical systems alter automation architectures

Recent automation systems are well structured according to tasks fulfilled by the functions executed on dedicated devices. These functional assignments are also reasons for the design and topology of fieldbus communication systems. New approaches like Cyber Physical System (CPS) require different approaches according to existing communication technologies and engineering. On one side the interaction models advance, and on the other side the demands for industrial plants become a lot more flexible. This article shows upcoming demands on automation systems and discusses new strategies for software deployment of automation applications and communication systems to fulfill these requirements. This includes handling of different types of functional coupling, e.g. loose coupling with internet/web based technologies for interaction and information management. In addition the current device models offering specific device functions have to be adapted to the new CPS approach.     

兼容串行通信与以太网通信的微机保护通信系统研究

随着变电站自动化技术在电力系统中的逐步应用,势必要求变电站中各二次设备逐步实现网络化。微机继电保护装置作为变电站重要的二次设备,对其通信系统提出了很高的要求。本文根据微机保护通信系统的要求,设计了由以太网与串行通信相结合的通信系统,阐述了通信系统的硬件构成,完成了相关驱动程序与通信功能软件的编写。开发的通信系统对于提高电力系统综合自动化水平具有重要的现实意义。     

Sharing control between humans and automation using haptic interface: primary and secondary task performance benefits

This paper describes a paradigm for human/automation control sharing in which the automation acts through a motor coupled to a machine's manual control interface. The manual interface becomes a haptic display, continually informing the human about automation actions. While monitoring by feel, users may choose either to conform to the automation or override it and express their own control intentions. This paper's objective is to demonstrate that adding automation through haptic display can be used not only to improve performance on a primary task but also to reduce perceptual demands or free attention for a secondary task. Results are presented from three experiments in which 11 participants completed a lane-following task using a motorized steering wheel on a fixed-base driving simulator. The automation behaved like a copilot, assisting with lane following by applying torques to the steering wheel. Results indicate that haptic assist improves lane following by least 30%, p < .0001, while reducing visual demand by 29%, p < .0001, or improving reaction time in a secondary tone localization task by 18 ms, p = .0009. Potential applications of this research include the design of automation interfaces based on haptics that support human/automation control sharing better than traditional push-button automation interfaces.