云南尖山矿区风化磷矿的风化指标研究

利用云南尖山磷矿组合样的化学分析结果,对风化磷块岩与原生磷块岩化学组分的变化规律、数学特征进行研究;首次将风化磷块岩的风化指标划分为“直接法”、“间接法”两类,进而提出云南尖山矿区风化磷块岩的风化指标为CO_2法,2P_2O_5+A.I 法。通过图解与统计分布求得风化指标的临界值是:CO_2法,>5.5为原生矿,≤5.5为风化矿;2P_2O_5+A.I 法,<74为原生矿,≥74为风化矿。利用聚类分析法进行验证,吻合率达99.11%。     

西南地区风化磷矿定量勘查评价

西南地区广泛发育的面型风化磷矿为一种新的磷块岩矿石工业类型,它是由碳酸盐类磷块岩经风化作用,达到适宜的风化程度而形成的,矿石含镁低,是生产高浓度磷肥的优质矿产资源。磷块岩中碳酸盐矿物的淋失是风化磷矿形成的根本原因,可采用碳酸盐矿物含量多少来确定磷矿石的风化程度,一般在新的勘探矿区使用 CO_2判别标志(风化指标)来判别,在老的勘探矿区采用2P_2 O_5+HP 判别标志判别。今后在对磷矿区进行勘查评价时,应对风化磷矿进行评价,首先确定该区的风化指标,将风化磷矿作为一种类型单独固定;对已勘查的磷矿区,可对磷矿进行二次评价,利用风化指标将风化磷矿单独固定。     

岩湾矿段风化磷矿形成条件及其三种类型

湖北省鹤峰磷矿走马矿区岩湾矿段风化磷矿是湖北境内首次探明的一中型风化磷矿。矿床成因类型有风化残余型、风化淋滤型、洪积型砂磷矿等三类。在时间上 ,风化淋积型矿体位于风化残余型矿体之下 ,是风化残余型的继承发展。在雨水和洪水冲刷下 ,风化残余磷矿在适当的低洼地带堆积成洪积型砂磷矿。对这种风化矿的勘探应因地制宜 ,灵活运用。对岩湾矿段风化磷矿的成因探讨和勘探研究为东山峰寻找和勘探类似风化磷矿积累了经验。     

贵州册亨板其风化型磷矿成矿条件与成矿模式

板其磷矿为近年地质找矿工作中新发现的次生磷矿床,矿体产于二叠纪台地边缘吴家坪组礁灰岩分布区的古溶洞和第四系残坡积物中,可再分为溶洞堆积型和风化—淋滤残积型2个矿床成因亚类。本文根据普查地质报告第一手资料,在阐述地质背景和矿床地质特征的基础上,分析了矿床形成条件,并与美国田纳西州中部的风化淋积磷矿床进行对比,建立了该矿床的描述性成矿模式。通过本次研究,增加了贵州磷矿的新类型,指出了我国南方溶洞堆积型磷矿床分布的新区域,为深入研究我国次生风化型磷矿床的形成条件和形成机制提供了新资料。     

贵州册亨板其磷矿地质特征及其成因浅析

册亨板其磷矿是近年地质找矿工作中新发现的磷矿床,矿体主要产出于贵州西南部右江盆地二叠纪孤立碳酸盐岩台地边缘相吴家坪组(P3w)礁灰岩分布区的古溶洞中。地质普查工作圈定了5个矿体,矿床规模为小型。通过对矿床地质特征初步研究表明,该矿床属次生风化淋滤溶洞堆积型磷矿床,可进一步划分为风化-淋积型和残坡积型2个成因亚类。该矿床的发现和普查地质成果充分证实,在特定的风化条件下,富含磷质的灰岩可以直接风化形成具有一定经济价值的磷矿床。该研究结果为贵州乃至我国南方碳酸盐岩分布区的风化型磷矿找矿工作提供了新资料和新线索,指出了新的找矿区域或方向。     

湖北鹤峰磷矿走马矿区岩湾矿段风化磷块岩特征及其形成的制约因素

湖北鹤峰磷矿走马矿区岩湾矿段的原生磷矿经化学风化作用后,矿层的厚度、矿石的品位、组分、类型、结构构造和其他物化特征产生了一系列变化,所形成的风化磷块岩主要特征表现为易溶的碳酸盐组分大量流失,磷酸盐组分相对富集;矿石结构疏松,呈“砂状”构造,从而使原生贫矿富集为风化富矿——风化磷块岩。形成该矿床的制约因素,除其固有的特征外,酸性地下水是风化矿形成的化学基础,适宜的气候条件以及地形、岩溶地貌等,对风化磷块岩的形成和分布有着重要的控制作用。     

安徽磷矿成矿条件研究

安徽已知磷矿床、点共计80余处,按成因分类可分为沉积型、岩浆岩型、沉积变质型及生物堆积型磷矿床等四大类。其中,以分布在秦岭－大别造山带中的沉积变质型磷灰岩矿床亚类中的“海州式”磷矿工业价值为最大,其查明资源储量为全省磷资源量94%;其次,为分布于华北地层区内、处于华北陆块构造单元的浅-滨海相沉积磷块岩矿床亚类中的“凤台式”磷矿和扬子地层区内,处于扬子陆块一级构造单元的岩浆矿床－岩浆气成－热液磷灰石岩矿床亚类中的“凹山式”磷灰石磷矿,其他类型（亚类）磷矿因规模小、品位低,资源零星。     

滇池地区风化磷块岩及其采选性能

滇池地区风化磷块岩经过简单地擦洗脱泥便可获得理想精矿，为我国的磷矿选矿开辟了一条新路。但在开发利用之前应当正确区分它们的风化程度，“风化矿石”造成有用组分Ｐ２Ｏ５的富集，“强风化矿石”则造成Ｐ２Ｏ５的贫化，前者有良好的擦洗效果，后者经过擦洗浆有一半以上的有用组分丢失。     

贵州册亨板其风化型磷矿矿床特征及成因浅析

<正>册亨板其磷矿床产出于贵州西南部二叠纪台地边缘相吴家坪组(P2-3w)礁灰岩分布区的古溶洞中,是贵州境内首次发现的小型风化淋滤型磷矿床。该矿床的发现,不仅对丰富我国风化型磷矿的典型矿床实例、深入研究含磷碳酸盐岩的次生风化成磷条件及成磷机制具有重要的矿床学理论意义,而且将为贵州乃至我国南方风化型磷矿的地质找矿工作提供新的思路及线索。从世界范围来看,磷矿资源属于稀有不可再生战略资源,具有地域分布不均、贫矿多富矿少、难     

我国一种新的磷矿工业类型——云南滇池地区风化磷块岩形成的基本条件

<正> 我国云南滇池地区风化磷块岩,是由沉积型碳酸盐类磷块岩经风化作用(主要是化学风化作用),达到了适宜的风化程度(成矿的“风化门线”)而形成的。矿石具有简易工艺较好的擦洗性能,为一种通过酸法加工生产高效磷肥的优质矿产资源。现将云南滇池地区风化磷块岩的地质背景、成因机制及形成条件做一概要论述和介绍,其目的是能及时更加广泛地交流这一新的科技成果。     

富磷矿三阶段动态成矿模式:黔中开阳式高品位磷矿成矿机制

震旦系陡山沱组沉积期形成的黔中开阳、瓮安富磷矿沉积区,矿石产量大、品位高,是国内外重要的磷矿资源产区。黔中磷矿主要分布于黔中古陆周缘的滨浅海环境中,矿石类型以碎屑状磷块岩为主,间夹原生泥晶磷块岩、生物结构磷块岩和次生土状结构磷块岩。开阳式高品位磷块岩的动态沉积成矿过程通常为“三阶段成矿”: 第一阶段为初始成磷作用阶段,在新元古代大规模成磷背景下,上升洋流携带深部富磷海水进入滨浅海地区,并通过生物化学作用使磷质聚集并形成原生磷块岩沉积;第二阶段为簸选成矿作用阶段,高能波浪、风暴水流对原生磷块岩持续的破碎、磨蚀、搬运和再沉积过程中,簸选去除了原生沉积物中的陆源细碎屑、砂泥质成分,保留并聚集磷质碎屑颗粒,形成品位较高的碎屑状矿石;第三阶段为淋滤作用阶段,海平面升降变化使之前形成矿石受暴露事件影响,遭受强烈的风化淋滤作用,碎屑状磷矿石内的碳酸盐岩胶结物和白云石条带被淋滤运移,导致矿层发育大量溶蚀孔洞,甚至形成土状磷块岩,矿石品位再次得到大幅度提升。三阶段成矿作用随古地理条件和海平面变化在沉积成岩过程中多期次、动态进行,最终形成工业价值极高的磷矿石。     

Forms of Iron in the Phosphorites of Abu—Tartur Area,Egypt

The Campanian-Maastrichtian phosphatic deposits in Egypt,called the Duwi Forma-tion,comprise a part of the extensive Middle East to North African phosphogenic province of Late Cretaceous to Paleogene age.The province holds the greatest accumulation of phosphorites in the geological history,possibly in excess of 70 billion metric tons.The phosphate resources in Egypt alone exceed 3 billion metric tons.Two-third of these three billions occur only in the Abu-Tartur area.Among the phosphorite deposits in Egypt,the phosphorites of the Abu-Tartur area are characterized by high contents of iron ranging from 3% to 7% with an average of 5%.The detailed mineralogical and geochemical studies on the Abu-Tartur phosphorites revealed that iron is found in the form of pyrite,ankerite,clay minerals,microinclusions,and iron oxide.Pyrite,which is the major fraction,occurs as filling cement and partial to complete teplacement of phosphatic grains and confined to the fresh phosphorites while iron oxide occurs as cryp-tocrystalline aggregates of red to brown particles and is confined to the weathered outcrops.Ex-clusive relations between pyrite in the fresh phosphorite samples inside the Abu-Tartur mine and iron oxide in the equivalent horizon of the weathered exposure indicated that iron oxide was formed by the oxidation of pyrite as a result of weathering.All of these forms harm the quality of ore,manufacturing processes,and the produced phosphoric acid and fertilizers.     

荆襄地区陡山沱组磷块岩的类型、成因和沉积环境

本文根据野外调查和室内初步研究成果并结合有关地质资料,分析、讨论了荆襄陡山沱组含磷岩系的磷块岩类型、成因和沉积环境。通过分析可知,组成磷块岩的磷灰石有不同的形成方式;磷块岩沉积在海退旋回中粘土和硅质沉积向碳酸盐沉积的转变阶段;磷块岩矿床形成在陆缘海内与深水有联系的浅水地带。 矿区含磷岩系特征综合于图1。     

陕南天台山、茶店一带磷块岩的时代和成因特征

陕西南部汉中天台山、勉县茶店和略阳何家岩、金家河一带磷块岩的时代,目前有三种看法,即:泥盆纪、震旦纪和寒武纪。这一带磷块岩的成因也比较复杂。在磷酸盐沉积、成岩以后,又受到变质、褶皱、断裂和水溶液活动影响。本文对天台山、茶店一带的磷块岩的成矿时代和生成特点提出一些初步意见。     

Precambrian phosphorites in the Bijawar rocks of Hirapur-Bassia areas,sagar district,madhya pradesh,India

The Precambrian phosphorites of Bijawar Group of rocks show characteristics of a epicontinental sea with restricted and very shallow marine environment of formation along some shoals, which existed during the iron-rich Precambrian times. These phosphorite deposits located in the Hirapur-Bassia areas show extensive leaching of carbonate and phosphate minerals during episodes of weathering. X-ray diffraction studies indicated that carbonate-flourapatite is the major apatitic phase in these phosphorites while crandallite developed on the surface outcrops. There is a general tendency for the depletion of CO₂ in these apatites leading to formation of flourapatite. This CO₂ is an indicator of hidden weathering in the rocks. Major and trace element determinations of phosphorite have been used to indicate various correlation factors responsible for the concentration of elements in these Precambrian leached phosphorites.The paper is a contribution to the aims and objectives of IGCP Project 156The paper is dedicated to Prof. Dr. R. C. Misra, who as a teacher and guide had been a source of inspiration to the senior author for the last two decades     

朝阳磷矿磷块岩的类型和成因特征

朝阳磷矿的磷块岩有五种类型,即泥晶磷块岩、球粒磷块岩、鲕粒磷块岩、内碎屑磷块岩和细晶磷块岩。其中内碎屑磷块岩占优势。磷酸盐岩沉积在海退旋回中,是处于深水向浅水过渡的层位。磷块岩的沉积环境主要是隆起附近的浅水带。     

湖北省南漳县红星磷矿磷块岩特征与物质组分研究

湖北省南漳县震旦系沉积型红星磷矿矿体P_2O_5平均含量23.91%,矿石自然类型主要为角砾状磷块岩,其次为白云质磷块岩、泥质纹层状和条带状致密块状磷块岩。工业类型主要为钙(镁)质和硅钙(镁)质磷矿,其次为硅质磷矿。矿石矿物为胶状磷灰石和微晶磷灰石,经x-射线衍射物相分析,其种属为含碳氟磷灰石。嵌布粒度以细-中粒为主。脉石矿物主要为白云石、伊利石、高岭石、铁质。经测定当磷块岩磨矿粒度小于0.1mm,其磷酸盐矿物单体解离率可达92.53％,这为确定合理的选矿流程具有实际意义。     

震旦纪陡山沱组的泥晶磷块岩

泥晶磷块岩(micritic phosphorite)是磷块岩的主要类型之一。我国的磷块岩矿床也多有这种矿石。过去往往把组成泥晶磷块岩的磷酸盐矿物叫做胶磷矿(collophane)。扫描电镜、X-射线衍射等观察结果表明,胶磷矿实际上也是结晶质磷灰石,只是由于颗粒极其微小而已。由这种泥晶磷灰石组成的泥晶磷块岩也同样不像过去描述的那样单调,而是具有比较复杂的结构、构造。     

Enrichment mechanism of phosphorite deposits and significant breakthrough in “Triunity Model”for ore prospecting in the Sinian Doushantuo Formation of eastern Kaiyang region,Guizhou Province

Package exploration area in the eastern Kaiyang region is located at the southeastern margin of the Yangtze block,which is the concentrated distribution area of high-grade phosphorite deposits in China. The comprehensive studies of sedimentology,petrology,stratigraphy and palaeogeography in Doushantuo phosphorite ore-bed of the Kaiyang region show that the phosphorite deposits were controlled by the open shallow coastal sedimentary environment formed by denudation and deplanation of the Central Guizhou Oldland. Phosphorite lithofacies associations,mineralogical features and sedimentary structures indicate that the phosphorites had experienced “three stages of mineralization process”in the Kaiyang region: The first pristine bio-chemical phosphogenesis stage,the second winnowing and reworking stage and the last exposure and leaching stage. The winnowing and reworking processes are the key mechanism to the formation of the thick and high-grade phosphorite. According to the “Triunity Model”metallogenic theory,the research team confirmed the bedded distribution along the open phosphatic shore in the north of the Qianzhong Oldland,constructed the metallogenic model and ore prospecting model,and determined that the shoreface is the major target area of high-grade phosphorite ore. The research team have achieved the innovation of phosphorite metallogenic theory and broke through the bottleneck of phosphorite deposits exploration by cooperating of industry-university-research,and the metallogenic range was expand from 250^km² to 1000^km² and quantity of predicted resources increased from 94.42^megatons to 1.3 giga-tons. The prospection verification in the part of areas estimated the ore resources of phosphorite deposits(Inferred and predicted resources) of 548.92 megatons,especially the newly added high-grade phosphorites 357 megatons,achieving significant breakthrough of ore prediction of high-grade phosphorites in China.