高效液相色谱-质谱法测定化妆品中藜芦定的含量

建立了利用高效液相色谱-质谱联用测定化妆品中藜芦定含量的方法。样品经过甲醇超声提取后,用Aglient ZORBAX SB-C18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm×5μm)分离,用乙腈-0.1%(质量分数)甲酸水溶液(50+50)作为流动相等度洗脱,API 4000质谱扫描,675.1/164.9离子对定量,675.1/457.2离子对定性。在10.0~200μg/L范围内,藜芦定质量浓度与其峰面积呈线性关系,定量限为25.0μg/kg,在不同类型的空白化妆品中进行加标回收试验,方法的回收率在71.6%~94.4%之间,方法的相对标准偏差(n=6)在7.9%~9.6%之间。     

高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中的双酚A

采用Themo BDS HYPERSIL C18色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm×2.4μm),以乙腈-水(35∶65,体积比)为流动相,流速1.0mL/min,检测波长228 nm,柱温40℃,进样量5μL,在前述条件下建立了测定化妆品中双酚A的高效液相色谱方法。结果发现,在0.05140~2.056μg/mL范围内,双酚A峰面积与其质量浓度呈良好线性关系(r=0.9999);低浓度水平下的平均加标回收率为98.9%~100.8%(相对标准偏差2%),高浓度水平下的平均加标回收率为100.6%~102.7%(相对标准偏差3%);检出限为0.015μg/mL,检出质量比为0.3μg/g。所建立的方法操作简便快捷,结果准确可靠,可用于化妆品中双酚A的测定。     

UPLC-ESI-MS/MS检测废水中11种全氟化合物

建立了固相萃取、超高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联三重四极杆质谱(UPLC-ESI-MS/MS)同时测定废水中11种全氟化合物监测方法。结果表明,11种全氟化合物在0.10~150μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,方法检出限为0.1~0.4 ng/L,加标回收率为66.8%~108.1%,相对标准偏差RSD20%。     

高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱法测定化妆品中的7-二乙氨基-4-甲基香豆素

建立了一种检测化妆品中7-二乙氨基-4-甲基香豆素(SWN)的高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱方法。试验以体积分数0.1%甲酸水-乙腈为流动相,以C18色谱柱分离SWN,流速为0.3 m L/min,正离子模式下进行多反应离子监测(MRM)扫描。结果表明线性范围为10~200 ng/m L,化妆品中定量检出限为0.1 mg/kg,加标回收率为83.4%~101.3%。此方法前处理简单、分析准确,适用于各类化妆品中SWN的检测。     

液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中除草剂利谷隆和丁草胺残留量

建立了超高效液相色谱-三重四级杆串联质谱同时检测水产品中利谷隆和丁草胺除草剂残留的分析方法。水产品样品经超声振荡萃取,C18固相萃取柱净化后,在多反应监测正离子电喷雾模式下进行UPLC-MS/MS分析。色谱柱为BEH C18反相柱,流动相为梯度变化的乙腈和2 mmol乙酸铵+0.1%甲酸水溶液。检出限为(S/N≥3)0.1μg/kg,在各自的考察浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.998);在0.3~5.0μg/kg添加水平内,平均加标回收率在78%~115%之间,RSD为2.5%~11.2%。利用本方法可以实现水产品中利谷隆和丁草胺除草剂残留量的高灵敏度检测。     

HPLC-MS/MS法测定聚碳酸酯食品包装材料中的酚类化合物

建立了聚碳酸酯食品包装材料中4种酚类化合物的高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法(HPLC-MS/MS)。样品经二氯甲烷超声提取后,氮吹至干,再用甲醇定容,以供HPLC-MS/MS检测。采用ZORBAX Eclipse XDB C18色谱柱进行梯度洗脱分离,采用甲醇/0.1%(体积分数)氨水溶液作为流动相;质谱采用电喷雾离子源,在负离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下运行。结果表明:4种酚类化合物在0.2~2 mg/L范围内线性关系良好(r20.999);检出限为3~10μg/kg,方法定量限为10~50μg/kg。分别在100、200、400μg/L浓度水平进行加标回收实验,回收率为84.4%~108.8%。该方法分离效果良好、准确可靠、方便快捷,为食品包装材料中有害物质风险监测奠定了基础。     

HPLC法测定化妆品中12种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物

采用亚3μm填料的Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C_(18)色谱柱(100 mm×4.6 mm,2.7μm)对化妆品中的12种邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物进行分析,以甲醇-乙腈-水为流动相,梯度洗脱,检测波长230 nm。结果表明,12种成分在10 min内完成分离,在5.0~100 mg/L范围内线性关系良好。方法检出限为1.0~40.0 mg/kg,定量下限为3.5~150.0 mg/kg,平均加样回收率在89.4%~107.1%之间,RSD在0.3%~1.5%之间。     

SPE-UPLC-MS/MS同时测定食品中二甲基黄、二乙基黄

建立固相萃取-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱/质谱法(SPE-HPLC-MS/MS)测定食品中二甲基黄、二乙基黄的分析方法。试样经乙腈提取,C18固相萃取柱净化后,以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液(v/v)为流动相,C18色谱柱分离,采用电喷雾离子源,正离子扫描多反应监测(MRM)模式进行检测。二甲基黄和二乙基黄在0.1~50μg/L浓度范围内均呈良好线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.999。加标回收率为79.8%~86.8%,相对标准偏差为7.4%~10.8%。二甲基黄、二乙基黄的方法检出限均为0.5μg/kg;定量限均为2μg/kg。方法简单快速、准确、灵敏,适用于食品中二甲基黄、二乙基黄的测定。     

凝胶渗透色谱-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定水产品中性激素

建立水产品中性激素的凝胶渗透色谱净化-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法。采用乙酸乙酯提取样品,经GPC净化后,LC-MS/MS测定,外标法定量。流动相为乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液,梯度洗脱,电喷雾正离子多反应模式监测。3种性激素在0.5~20.0μg/L线性范围内,相关系数大于0.998,定量限为0.3μg/kg,回收率为88.6%~96.4%,相对标准偏差为1.84%~6.24%。本方法灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于水产品中性激素的测定。     

液相色谱-大气压化学离子化-串联质谱法测定化妆品中8种亚硝胺

采用液相色谱-大气压化学离子化-三重四极杆质谱联用法(LC-APCI-MS/MS)测定化妆品中8种亚硝胺。色谱柱为Agilent Poroshell 120 EC-C18(4.6 mm×100 mm×2.7μm),质谱采用正离子MRM扫描方式。结果表明,待测物在5~100 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好,4种化妆品基质的加标回收率(添加水平分别为0.15、0.5和1.5 mg/kg)在63.1%~114.4%之间,相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.0%~7.8%范围内。     

How Antidepressant Drugs Affect the Antielectroshock Action of Antiseizure Drugs in Mice: A Critical Review

Depression coexists with epilepsy, worsening its course. Treatment of the two diseases enables the possibility of interactions between antidepressant and antiepileptic drugs. The aim of this review was to analyze such interactions in one animal seizure model—the maximal electroshock (MES) in mice. Although numerous antidepressants showed an anticonvulsant action, mianserin exhibited a proconvulsant effect against electroconvulsions. In most cases, antidepressants potentiated or remained ineffective in relation to the antielectroshock action of classical antiepileptic drugs. However, mianserin and trazodone reduced the action of valproate, phenytoin, and carbamazepine against the MES test. Antiseizure drug effects were potentiated by all groups of antidepressants independently of their mechanisms of action. Therefore, other factors, including brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) modulation, should be considered as the background for the effect of drug combinations.     

Effects of Antiarrhythmic Drugs on Antiepileptic Drug Action—A Critical Review of Experimental Findings

Severe cardiac arrhythmias developing in the course of seizures increase the risk of SUDEP (sudden unexpected death in epilepsy). Hence, epilepsy patients with pre-existing arrhythmias should receive appropriate pharmacotherapy. Concomitant treatment with antiarrhythmic and antiseizure medications creates, however, the possibility of drug–drug interactions. This is due, among other reasons, to a similar mechanism of action. Both groups of drugs inhibit the conduction of electrical impulses in excitable tissues. The aim of this review was the analysis of such interactions in animal seizure models, including the maximal electroshock (MES) test in mice, a widely accepted screening test for antiepileptic drugs.     

Incorporating ruthenium into advanced drug delivery carriers – an innovative generation of chemotherapeutics

Ruthenium complexes have been shown to possess remarkable chemotherapeutic – both anticancer and antimetastatic – properties. Ruthenium possesses unique attributes that have led to the development of promising anticancer and antimetastatic therapeutics, for example, RAPTA‐C, KP1019 and NAMI‐A. The amplified benefit that can be gained by incorporating drugs into macromolecules has only recently been investigated for ruthenium agents. The advances in macromolecular chemistries has allowed for the incorporation and examination of some of these promising moieties within macromolecular matrices. Several nano‐sized delivery systems have also been developed for cancer treatment, for example, micelles, liposomes, peptide structures and hybrid moieties. The main findings of this novel body of work are presented here, highlighting the scope for further investigations. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry     

Selected Molecular Targets for Antiepileptogenesis

The term epileptogenesis defines the usually durable process of converting normal brain into an epileptic one. The resistance of a significant proportion of patients with epilepsy to the available pharmacotherapy prompted the concept of a causative treatment option consisting in stopping or modifying the progress of epileptogenesis. Most antiepileptic drugs possess only a weak or no antiepileptogenic potential at all, but a few of them appear promising in this regard; these include, for example, eslicarbazepine (a sodium and T-type channel blocker), lamotrigine (a sodium channel blocker and glutamate antagonist) or levetiracetam (a ligand of synaptic vehicle protein SV2A). Among the approved non-antiepileptic drugs, antiepileptogenic potential seems to reside in losartan (a blocker of angiotensin II type 1 receptors), biperiden (an antiparkinsonian drug), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, antioxidative drugs and minocycline (a second-generation tetracycline with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties). Among other possible antiepileptogenic compounds, antisense nucleotides have been considered, among these an antagomir targeting microRNA-134. The drugs and agents mentioned above have been evaluated in post-status epilepticus models of epileptogenesis, so their preventive efficacy must be verified. Limited clinical data indicate that biperiden in patients with brain injuries is well-tolerated and seems to reduce the incidence of post-traumatic epilepsy. Exceptionally, in this regard, our own original data presented here point to c-Fos as an early seizure duration, but not seizure intensity-related, marker of early epileptogenesis. Further research of reliable markers of early epileptogenesis is definitely needed to improve the process of designing adequate antiepileptogenic therapies.     

天然药物在现代医疗保健中的地位和作用

世界天然药物市场主要集中在美国、欧洲和亚洲三大区域,全球植物药市场的年销售额已达270亿美元。在过去的10年间,以植物制剂为主体的天然药物开始走俏西方。面对“回归自然”的世界潮流,采用现代科学技术,实现中药现代化和国际化,将为人类现代医疗保健做出重大贡献。     

欧美疏通非专利药上市渠道

近年，美欧国家为了控制保健费用正大力推动非专利药市场的发展。2003年12月17日，欧洲议会通过了新药立法。2003年8月19日，美国新的FDA法规实施以加速非专利药的上市。我国医药中间体和原料药生产企业应引起重视。     

抗体药物免疫原性的研究进展

抗体药物是生物技术药物研发领域中公认的研究热点。在抗体药物研制过程中,免疫原性一直是限制其临床应用的重要因素,不但严重影响其安全性和有效性,有时还会导致严重的临床后果。本文主要分析了抗体药物本身引起免疫原性的多种因素以及针对这些因素的改进方法,即通过抗体的人源化、去免疫化、糖基化修饰、抗体分子小型化和多聚体问题的改善来降低抗体药物的免疫原性。     

液相微萃取技术在毒品分析领域的研究进展

本文综述了近年来液相微萃取技术在国内外法庭科学毒品分析领域的研究应用进展,对液相微萃取技术的不同实现模式及对应的原理、影响因素、方法特点进行了系统总结。以期能够为法庭科学领域的毒品研究和办案提供一些帮助。     

手性药物的液相色谱分析

手性药物的HPLC分析是药物分析中较新的研究领域,综述了近年来手性药物色谱分离的研究进展。对手性衍生化试剂法和手性固定相法的分离机理、检测方法、试剂种类和应用等作了介绍。     

Nitriles in heterocyclic synthesis. Part III: New sulpha drugs related to cyanopyridine derivatives

4-Hydroxyacetophenone (1) was reacted with cinnamonitrile derivatives (2–6) to give 3-cyano-4-(substituted phenyl)-6-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-pyridines (7–11). Interaction of compounds 7–9 with 4-substituted heterocyclo-benzenesulphonyl diazoniura chloride gave the corresponding 3-cyano-4-(sub-stituted phenyl)-6-(3′-azobenzene sulphonamido-4′-hydroxyphenyl) pyridines (12–29). The corresponding iron (III) copper (II) and mercury (II) chelates were also prepared in a 1:2 metal-to-ligand ratio. All the synthesized compounds were characterized on the basis of microanalysis, IR and ¹H-NMR spectrometry.