窄分布醇醚羧酸盐与常用表面活性剂复配性能

用氧化法合成的窄分布醇醚羧酸盐（NAEC9）与月桂醇醚硫酸铵（ALES）、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（1631）、八/十烷基葡糖苷（APG0810）进行复配,研究了NAEC9不同质量分数对复配体系表面张力、泡沫性、润湿、乳化、去污性能的影响。结果表明,窄分布NAEC9与1631复配后在表面张力、泡沫性、润湿、乳化性能有明显的协同增效作用,且NAEC9质量分数为66.7 %时协同作用最强,此时,润湿时间由不润湿降低至37 s,30 s泡沫体积最大（500mL）。而NAEC9与ALES、APG0810复配体系在性能上协同作用不显著。在去污性能上,复配体系对皮脂污布去污性能最好,对蛋白污布去污能力最差。阴离子表面活性剂NAEC9与阳离子表活性剂1631复配具有良好的协同作用,表面活性增强的同时不会产生沉淀。     

窄分布醇醚羧酸盐与常用表面活性剂复配性能

用氧化法合成的窄分布醇醚羧酸盐(NAEC9)与月桂醇醚硫酸铵(ALES)、十六烷基三甲基氯化铵(1631)、八/十烷基葡糖苷(APG0810)进行复配,研究了NAEC9不同质量分数对复配体系表面张力、泡沫性、润湿性、乳化性、去污性的影响。结果表明,窄分布NAEC9与1631复配后在表面张力、泡沫性、润湿、乳化性能上有明显的协同增效作用,且NAEC9质量分数为66.7%时协同作用最强,此时,润湿时间由不润湿降低至37 s,30s泡沫体积最大(500 mL)。而NAEC9与ALES、APG0810复配体系在性能上协同作用不显著。在去污性能上,NAEC9与ALES复配体系对皮脂污布去污性能最好,对蛋白污布去污能力最差。阴离子表面活性剂NAEC9与阳离子表面活性剂1631复配具有良好的协同作用,表面活性增强的同时不会产生沉淀。     

月桂酰胺丙基二甲基氧化胺的合成及性能研究

以月桂酸甲酯、N,N-二甲基-1,3-丙二胺为原料,合成月桂酰胺丙基叔胺,然后通过月桂酰胺丙基叔胺与双氧水反应,合成月桂酰胺丙基二甲基氧化胺。利用红外光谱对目标产物结构进行表征,并对目标产物的泡沫性能、乳化性能和润湿性能进行性能测试。结果表明,当产品浓度增加时,其泡沫性能和乳化性能都在逐渐增强,而润湿性能则是先增强后下降。     

改性油脂乙氧基化物磺酸盐与平平加复配体系的性能研究

通过复配样品溶液状态、凝固点、润湿、泡沫、乳化及去污性能的测定,研究了改性油脂乙氧基化物磺酸盐(SNS-80)与平平加O-25、平平加O-20复配样品的性能。结果表明,25℃时,总质量分数为70%的SNS-80与平平加复配样品中,m(SNS-80):m(O-25)大于6:4,m(SNS-80):m(O-20)大于4:6时,均一透明流动性好,且样品的凝固点均低于10℃;复配样品的泡沫低于SNS-80;SNS-80的加入很大程度的改善了复配样品的润湿性能;复配样品对大豆油乳化性能表现出一定的增效作用;平平加的加入改善了SNS-80对皮脂的去污性能。     

椰油基二胍盐的制备及其复配体系的性能应用

以N-椰油基-1,3-丙撑二胺（CPDA），单氰胺和醋酸为原料，合成了椰油基丙撑醋酸二胍盐（CPGA）。利用FTIR和基质辅助激光解吸飞行时间质谱（MALDI-TOF MS）对产物结构进行鉴定。研究了CPGA与三种阴离子表面活性剂〔脂肪醇醚羧酸盐（AEC9-Na），月桂醇聚氧乙烯(3)醚硫酸钠（AES），十二烷基苯磺酸钠（LAS）〕和两种非离子表面活性剂〔脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(9)醚（AEO9），C12~14烷基聚葡萄糖苷（APG1214）〕组成的五种复配体系的稳定性、润湿性能、乳化性能、泡沫性能、去污性能和抑菌性能。结果表明，AEC9-Na/CPGA复配体系外观澄清透明，润湿、乳化、泡沫、去污和抑菌性能良好，在浓度0.02 g/L下对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率达到75%，对大肠杆菌的抑菌率达到91%，优于其他四种复配体系，在抑菌洗涤剂方面有很好的应用前景。     

N-月桂酰基甲基丙氨酸钠的合成与性能研究

以甲基丙氨酸和月桂酰氯为主要原料,在碱性条件下合成了一种阴离子型氨基酸表面活性剂N-月桂酰基甲基丙氨酸钠(SLMA),通过FT-IR、MS和1H NMR对产物结构进行表征,测定了SLMA的Krafft点、临界胶束浓度(cmc)、表面张力、乳化、润湿、泡沫、去污性能,以及SLMA不同温度下的电导率、微极性及临界胶束聚集数。结果表明:SLMA的Krafft点低于0℃;25,35,45和55℃下SLMA的cmc分别为8.23×10~(-3),8.27×10~(-3),8.29×10~(-3)和8.34×10~(-3) mol/L,γcmc分别为33.00,32.90,32.80和32.10 mN/m;SLMA的乳化和润湿性能优于N-月桂酰基肌氨酸钠(LS),起泡性、稳泡性及去污值与LS相当;在25,35,45和55℃下SLMA的临界胶束聚集数分别为11,35,60和79。     

月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐的合成与性能

通过一系列反应合成了月桂酸单乙醇酰胺硫酸酯盐(以下简称C12MSN),测定了在303 K下的表面化学性质及泡沫、去污、润湿等应用性能,研究了C12MSN与酯基Gemin i型季铵盐(以下简称Ⅱ-12-3)溶液复配体系的性质。结果显示,C12MSN的临界胶束浓度是2.79×10-3mol/L,其表面张力为25.42 mN/m,泡沫性好。发现n(C12MSN)∶n(Ⅱ-12-3)=7∶3复配时有较好的协同效应。     

碳化二亚胺类抗水解稳定剂Bio-SW100的合成与应用

以硫脲法工艺路线合成了单体型碳化二亚胺抗水解稳定剂SW-100,通过红外光谱、元素分析以及液相色谱考察了产物的结构、纯度。红外光谱和元素分析确定了合成产物结构正确,液相色谱确定产物纯度达到99%以上。在结构和纯度确定的基础上,将合成产物添加到聚乳酸中进行水解性能测试。结果表明,在1%添加量下聚乳酸拉伸强度保持率较纯树脂提高了80%。     

三硅氧烷羧酸钠表面活性剂的制备及其性能表征

将1,1,1,3,5,5,5-七甲基三硅氧烷（TSO）和甲基丙烯酸羟丙酯进行硅氢加成反应,合成出中间体;再与丁二酸酐反应,得到目标产物三硅氧烷羧酸盐表面活性剂。用IR和1H NMR对中间体及目标产物进行了表征,测试了目标产物的表面张力、泡沫性能、在各种溶剂中的溶解性、润湿渗透性和缓蚀性能。结果表明,目标产物具有比较低的表面张力,最低表面张力为27.67×10-3 N/m,临界胶束浓度为6.2×10-2 mol/L;在多种常用溶剂中的溶解性很好,只在完全非极性的溶剂石油醚及四氯化碳中溶解性较差;但起泡和稳泡性能不佳,润湿渗透性能一般;对碳钢有一定的缓蚀性能,属于以抑制阴极反应为主的混合型缓蚀剂。     

脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物的应用性能研究

对脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物的各种应用性能(包括去污性能、泡沫性能、润湿性能、凝胶化浓度以及在洗衣粉和液体洗涤剂中的配伍性)进行了测试。针对这些性能测试结果,对脂肪酸甲酯乙氧基化物应用于洗衣粉和液体洗涤剂中的可行性进行了研究。     

我国脂肪酸的生产和应用

简要介绍脂肪酸的分类、原料来源、生产工艺、品种以及用途。并对我国脂肪酸的生产现状进行了分析。重点介绍了脂肪酸在我国橡胶工业中、塑料助剂等领域的应用,脂肪酸甲酯作为表面活性剂在不同领域的广泛应用,最后还简述了癸二酸和改性醇酸树脂应用。     

酸液体系的研究现状分析和现场应用

酸化解堵与压裂改造相比,它具有施工相对简单和成本相对较低等特点,所以酸化解堵是一项各油田广泛使用的油气田增产技术。酸化解堵技术已有将近100历史,现已研制出具有不同特点的酸液体系,如乳化酸、泡沫酸、固体酸、多氢酸等,基本能满足复杂地质条件对酸液的要求。     

油酸的精制研究

油酸酰胺是一种很好的塑料添加剂 ,可用作塑料加工成型时的脱膜剂、润滑剂。油酸的原料来源很广 ,牛油、羊油、猪油等动物油油脂以及大豆油、花生油、棕榈油等植物油脂中都含有大量的油酸。由于油酸的来源和生产方法多种多样 ,因此其所含的脂肪酸种类及含量都不尽相同。除油酸外 ,还有亚油酸、亚麻酸等高不饱和脂肪酸。针对油酸中因含有大量的多不饱和组分如亚油酸、亚麻酸而容易产生氧化泛黄的问题 ,采取了尿素络合法对原料油酸进行精制 ,以减少原料中亚油酸、亚麻酸组分的含量。经气相色谱验证 ,产品达到了应用指标 ,提高了产品的抗氧性。     

The Growth‐Inhibiting Effects of Beef Fatty Acids on MCF‐7 Cells Are Influenced Mostly by the Depot Location and Inconsistently by the Biohydrogenation Intermediate Content

Biohydrogenation intermediates (BHI) including conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers are formed during ruminal biohydrogenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in ruminants. Although many studies have examined the anticarcinogenic effects of CLA, few studies have reported the anticarcinogenic properties of BHI in their natural form found in dairy and beef fats. The present study compared the growth‐inhibitory effects of fatty acids from beef perirenal fat (PRF) or subcutaneous fat (SCF) with low or high levels of BHI in MCF‐7 human breast cancer cells. Cells were exposed for 72 h to media containing increasing doses (50 to 400 μM) of different beef fat treatments. Fatty‐acid analysis showed that BHI were readily incorporated into cell phospholipids (PL) in a treatment‐dependent manner, but higher BHI in PL did not consistently inhibit growth. Culturing with low‐BHI PRF or high‐BHI PRF did not lead to growth inhibition, but low‐BHI SCF inhibited growth, and inhibition was further increased by high‐BHI SCF. Other classes of fatty acids may, therefore, be interacting with BHI resulting in differential effects on growth inhibition in human breast cancer cells.     

磷钼杂多酸的合成研究

介绍了磷钼杂多酸的合成。通过正交试验探讨了反应物料量比、三氧化钼浓度、反应温度和反应时间对产物产率的影响。结果表明,最适宜的反应条件为:反应物量比n(三氧化钼)∶n(磷酸)=12∶1.0、反应温度t=70℃、反应时间7 h、三氧化钼与水的质量比1∶8。经红外光谱分析及熔点测定确定所得产品为磷钼杂多酸化合物。并以磷钼杂多酸取代硫酸作催化剂制备乙酸乙醋来研究其催化活性,并与硫酸做催化剂进行对比实验收率为70.75%,超过硫酸催化剂水平。     

Fatty Acid Profiles in Sunflower Grains During Storage in Different Environments

This study aimed to evaluate the fatty acid profiles of sunflower oil extracted from hybrid grains produced and stored in different environments. The trials were conducted in Teresina (Piauí), Vilhena (Rondônia), and Jaguariúna (São Paulo) in randomized complete block design with 4 replicates. After harvesting, grains from 1 high oleic and 3 traditional hybrids were packed in kraft paper bags and stored in a covered shed and in a cold chamber up to 12 months. The fatty acid profiles were determined by gas chromatography after 0, 4, 8, and 12 months of storage. Analyses of variance were conducted in a split‐plot design, with hybrids being considered as whole plots and storage times as subplots. Tukey's test was performed to compare hybrids and regression analyses for storage times. The initial fatty acid profile of the grains of the same hybrid varied depending on the production location. The grain storage of high oleic and traditional sunflower hybrids during 12 months in covered shed and in cold chamber resulted in little changes in oil fatty acid profiles, regardless of the initial contents. These changes occurred only for linoleic and palmitic acids.     

Fatty Acid Profiles of Oil Obtained from Mid-Oleic Sunflowers Grown in Tropical Region

This study aimed to verify whether the fatty acid profiles of mid-oleic genotypes grown in the tropical region of Brazil fit the Codex Alimentarius and to examine the possibility of using traditional inbred lines to produce high-oleic hybrids. For this purpose, we assessed the fatty acid profile of six mid-oleic hybrids grown in environments with different minimum temperatures during oil formation in the achenes. The tests were conducted between 2015 and 2017 in an experimentally randomized complete block design with four replications. The oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acid contents were determined using gas chromatography. The mid-oleic hybrids presented varying levels of fatty acids, with oleic acid ranging between 43.6% and 84.6%, linoleic acid between 8.5% and 45.6%, palmitic acid between 3.9% and 5.7%, and stearic acid between 2.2% and 6.2%. Some of the fatty acid values were outside the ranges established by the CODEX STAN 210-1999 and were characteristic of high-oleic type sunflowers. This finding shows that we can take advantage of the potential of combining traditional inbred lines to produce high-oleic hybrids for faster and more economical breeding programs in these environments.     

Quality of Sunflower Oil Obtained in the Main Producing Region of Brazil: Adherence to the Codex Alimentarius

The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of the oil extracted from sunflower achenes grown in Campo Novo de Parecis, the main producing region of Brazil, to optimize its use by the processing and food industries. In addition, the fatty acid profiles of the oil were checked for their adherence to the CODEX STAN 210–1999. Traditional and high-oleic genotypes were grown between 2014 and 2017 during trials with a randomized complete block experimental design with four replications. The contents of oleic, linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acids were determined using gas chromatography. The fatty acid profiles of traditional genotypes were observed to be outside the ranges established by the CODEX, with an oleic acid content above 39.4% and linoleic, palmitic, and stearic acid values lower than 48.3%, 2.7%, and 5.0%, respectively, as well as high-oleic sunflower oil with a stearic acid content of less than 2.6%. The availability of this information can, on the one hand, positively impact industries and encourage the use of better quality raw materials that are more technologically and nutritionally adequate. On the other hand, the commercialization of sunflower oil with a fatty acid profile outside the ranges established by CODEX can be difficult, because the contents are out of specification due to the climatic conditions in the cropping region.     

质子酸催化合成α-氯代十二酸工艺研究

采用廉价的浓硫酸为催化剂,氧气为自由基捕集剂,以十二酸为原料,经氯化合成α-氯代十二酸。系统考察了反应温度、催化剂用量、氯气流量、氧氯比、反应时间等因素的影响,得到最佳工艺条件:十二酸20 g,在反应温度135℃、催化剂10%、氯气流量50 mL·min-1、vO2/vCl2=1∶2、反应时间3 h,可实现十二酸基本完全转化,目标产物α-氯代十二酸选择性达到94.5%。     

草酸作助剂磷钨酸催化H2O2氧化环己醇合成己二酸

在无有机溶剂、无相转移催化剂条件下,以草酸作助剂,采用磷钨酸催化过氧化氢氧化环己醇的方法来制备己二酸。考察了磷钨酸用量、反应时间、反应温度、过氧化氢用量及草酸用量对己二酸的分离产率的影响,得到最佳工艺条件,即环己醇10.51 mL、磷钨酸0.6 mmol/L、草酸1.0 mmol/L,H2O2(30%)70 mL,温度85℃、时间8 h,己二酸的最大分离产率为77.83%,纯度为99.9%。