钢板弹簧刚度特性及接触摩擦的非线性有限元分析

传统的钢板弹簧计算方法在精确建立力学模型时难度较大。考虑钢板弹簧实际工作过程中的大变形、片间接触和摩擦等多种非线性因素,建立某钢板弹簧的计算模型。提出考虑由相邻叶片所组成的接触对上接触压力和应力的分布分析方法,计算不同摩擦系数和载荷情况下的变形、等效应力和接触摩擦力对板簧力学性能的影响,以及不同簧片接触对之间接触压力、摩擦应力,接触总应力的相关性,得到若干研究结果。所提出的方法为进一步研究钢板弹簧中相邻叶片之间的非线性状态提供参考。     

钢板混凝土组合墙轴压受力性能有限元分析

为了研究核电工程中钢板混凝土组合墙的承载能力以及设计参数对承载力的影响,以4个核电工程中钢板混凝土组合墙的轴压试验为基础,采用ABAQUS建立钢板混凝土组合墙的有限元模型,模型中混凝土、钢板和栓钉均采用实体模型模拟,考虑了材料非线性和钢板焊接残余应力等。研究了栓钉的受力机理,模拟了试件中钢板的屈曲变形,分析不同参数如钢板与混凝土的强度、距厚比和含钢量对承载力的影响。分析结果表明:有限元模型计算结果与试验结果吻合较好,栓钉在受力过程中始终处于弹性受力状态,混凝土强度对承载力影响最大,距厚比对钢板的屈曲影响较大,较小的距厚比能保证钢板与混凝土协同工作。     

箱形船体波浪和波浪压力的非线性时域模型

该文将耦合计算模型应用于计算固定箱形船体上非线性波浪压力,研究了将该准三维模型应用于物体三维波浪压力的计算能力.为了提高计算强非线性波浪的能力,在方程中加入了高阶非线性项,并进行了箱体波浪压力的测量模型实验,以验证计算结果.计算模型将船体底面以下水域取为内域,其余水域为外域.内域用欧拉方程计算,外域采用Boussine...     

基于钢板屈曲分析的双钢板-混凝土组合剪力墙轴压承载力计算方法

为了考虑钢板屈曲对双钢板-混凝土组合（DSCC）剪力墙的轴压承载力的影响,该文首先以4个组合墙的轴压试验为基础,采用ABAQUS建立DSCC剪力墙的有限元模型。模型中混凝土采用实体单元,钢板采用壳单元,剪力连接件采用非线性弹簧单元SpringA,并考虑了材料非线性和钢板初始缺陷。在验证有限元模型后,研究了不同参数对钢板屈曲的影响,得到了钢板屈曲应力的计算公式。分析结果表明:当钢板出现局部横向贯通屈曲时,破坏模式为屈曲位置的混凝土压碎;当钢板未发生屈曲时,破坏模式为钢板屈服;墙侧面钢板宽度较小时,侧面钢板不会发生屈曲。最后,基于钢板屈曲分析以及构件极限状态下的应力状态分析,提出了新的DSCC剪力墙的轴压承载力计算方法,引入了钢板屈曲的影响。结构表明:对比规范JGJ/T 380―2015采用的计算公式,该文提出的计算方法具有更高的精度和稳定性,可用于DSCC剪力墙的深入研究以及工程设计。     

厚钢板激光弯曲成形机理的模拟研究

对厚钢板的激光弯曲成形过程进行数值模拟.建立了钢板激光弯曲成形的三维非线性瞬态热力耦合有限元模型,模型中考虑了材料热物性参数和力学性能参数与温度的相关性.计算了钢板激光弯曲成形过程中的温度和应力,并预测了钢板的弯曲角度.模拟结果表明,厚度方向的温度梯度是导致钢板弯曲变形的主要原因.对数值模拟的结果进行了相应的实验,模拟结果与实验结果符合较好.     

硬特性非线性隔振装置混沌动力学特性研究

针对非线性隔振原理设计出硬特性非线性混沌隔振实验装置,对以钢板、橡胶材料为隔振元件的非线性隔振系统进行了实验研究,实验得到了该装置的力学性能参数。通过数值计算得到了该装置的动力学行为。计算结果表明该装置从周期分岔逐渐进入混沌状态,线谱也从单一频谱结构变为宽频谱结构,且在混沌区域内对线谱有明显的隔离效果。     

覆盖层对水下爆炸响应的均匀化方法研究

针对非线性材质多孔覆盖层水下爆炸响应的计算中,耗时多且难度大等问题,提出具有较高计算效率的均匀化方法。建立二维水体、覆盖层、钢板的有效模型,仿真计算作出压力、速度、支反力曲线,验证了等效杨氏模量的有效性。采用均匀化方法研究多孔覆盖层,对比不同孔隙率和冲击因子条件下的有限元计算结果,充分证明了方法的合理性。     

车辆悬架部件的非线性特性研究进展

空气弹簧、阻尼减振器和钢板弹簧是车辆悬架系统的重要组成部件,它们都具有非线性特性,可大大提高车辆的行驶平顺性。从非线性科学角度,重点介绍了空气弹簧、阻尼减振器和钢板弹簧的研究现状和非线性特性及其对改善车辆性能的作用。分析了非线性车辆悬架部件的研究方法和发展方向。     

车辆非线性随机响应的统计线性化研究

建立了计及悬架系统钢板弹簧刚度和减振器阻尼非线性的整车八自由度模型。用统计线性化方法求出了系统在路面随机激励下的响应，并将计算结果与实验值和时域法模拟结果进行了比较。结果表明统计线性化方法与实验值吻合较好，比时域法的精度高，是进行车辆非线性分析的有效方法。     

粘贴钢板加固钢筋混凝土梁的分离式有限元模型

提出了外粘钢板加固受弯钢筋混凝土梁的非线性有限元模型。该模型中采用了一种特殊的、具有剥离破坏功能的界面单元来模拟混凝土梁和外粘钢板之间的粘结层,这种剥离破坏主要发生在粘贴钢板端部区域和弯曲、剪切裂缝附近。影响这种剥离破坏的主要因素有两个:一是粘贴钢板的端部与加固梁支座距离;二是粘贴钢板的厚度。传统的梁理论不能描述这种加固梁破坏模式,采用有限元方法能全方位地描述这种加固梁的各种性状和破坏模式。数值计算结果与粘贴不同厚度钢板加固梁的试验结果相吻合。     

Comparison of bursting pressure results of LPG tank using experimental and finite element method

In this study, the resistance of liquefied-petroleum gas (LPG) tanks produced from carbon steel sheet metal of different thicknesses has been investigated by bursting pressure experiments and non-linear Finite Element Method (FEM) method by increasing internal pressure values. The designs of LPG tanks produced from sheet metal to be used at the study have been realized by analytical calculations made taking into consideration of related standards. Bursting pressure tests have been performed that were inclined to decreasing the sheet thickness of LPG tanks used in industry. It has been shown that the LPG tanks can be produced in compliance with the standards when the sheet thickness is lowered from 3 to 2.8mm. The FEM results have displayed close values with the bursting results obtained from the experiments.     

新旧“复合钢板性能试验方法”剪切试验结果对比研究

按新、旧两种剪切试验标准对相同材料进行了大量试验研究。结果表明，按新标准进行的试验，结果准确、可靠，数据稳定性好，更真实地反映出材料的特性。     

基于区域分形的热镀锌板腐蚀形貌研究

发生腐蚀的热镀锌板表面形貌具有分形特征,不同分形维数可以反映其不同的腐蚀程度.针对热镀锌板非均匀腐蚀界面提出了区域分形的概念,给出了区域分形维数的计算方法,对三种典型腐蚀程度的热镀锌板腐蚀形貌进行区域分形分析,并将区域分形维数数值与整体分形维数数值进行了比较.结果表明,上述方法可以较好地描述不同腐蚀程度下热镀锌板腐蚀界面的非均匀形貌特征.     

Dynamic mechanical properties of paper: effect of density and drying restraints

The tensile dynamic mechanical properties of paper sheets with densities between 300 and 1000 kg m^–3 have been measured at room temperature in the frequency range 0.1 to 10 Hz. Two series of sheets have been investigated; one which had been restrained during drying and the other which had been allowed to shrink freely. In general, paper was found to be a non-linear viscoelastic material. The dynamic modulus decreased and the mechanical loss factor increased as the strain amplitude of the applied sinusoidal deformation was increased. The non-linear character of paper was more pronounced at lower sheet densities. The modulus increased strongly with increasing sheet density and was always higher for sheets that had been restrained during drying. The sheets were anisotropic and the ratio of the modulus in the machine direction (MD) to that in the cross-direction (CD) was of the order of 2 to 3.5 depending on the density and the drying conditions. The mechanical loss factor (extrapolated to zero strain amplitude) decreased with increasing sheet density and was always higher in the CD than in the MD. The freely dried sheets were characterized by a higher value of the mechanical loss factor, tan , than sheets that had been restrained during drying. It is suggested that the influence of the sheet density and the drying restraints on the dynamica mechanical properties of paper is associated with interfibre friction and/or bending and shearing of the cellulose fibres.     

Linear stability of non-Newtonian annular liquid sheets

Summary This paper reports a linear stability analysis of a non-Newtonian annular liquid sheet that is surrounded by nonviscous fluids in relative axial motion to it. It is shown that for a stress free basic flow the dispersion relation giving the absolute and convective instability mechanisms can be immediately obtained from the dispersion relation for a Newtonian sheet by introducing a wavenumber dependent viscosity. The stability behavior of the sheet is investigated numerically by a continuation algorithm, by which the solution branches of the dispersion relation, relevant for the stability information, can be traced. The results give a stability picture which covers the whole range of annular sheets from the cylindrical jet to the plane liquid curtain.     

Determination of Sheet Steel Formability Using Wide Band Electromagnetic-Acoustic Transducers

Abstract

An electromagnetic-acoustic transducer (EMAT) system was used in conjunction with a “sampled” CW signal-processing method to generate, receive, and process longitudinal and shear waves in thin steel sheets. Using the system, swept-frequency measurements were made up to 7.5 MHz. To relate the measurements to sheet steel formability, a dimensionless frequency ratio, K, was computed from the resonant frequencies. From theoretical considerations, K should be related to a measure of steel sheet formability, r . This parameter is traditionally measured by plastically deforming uniaxial tension specimens. Good correlation was found between K and r for a set of steel sheet representative of those typically used to produce automobile body parts.     

钢铁工业中的自由边值问题

This paper considers two novel free boundary problems that emerge from modelling processes basic to steel manufacture.The first process concerns the spray cooling of hot steel sheet during the process of continuous casting. Here, an important practical consideration is the non-monotonicity of the measured heat transfer from the steel as a function of the steel temperature. In order to understand this phenomenon, a two-phase flow model is written down for the heating and vapourisation of the water spray. This model relies on a microscale analysis of droplet vapourisation and, in a steady state, it reduces to a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations for the spray temperature and water content. This system predicts the conditions for the existence or otherwise of a free boundary separating the two-phase region from a dry vapour layer close to the steel plate.The thickness of this vapour layer is determined by the solution of a generalised Stefan problem. The second process concerns the macroscopic modelling of pig iron production in blast furnaces. In the simplest scenario, the blast furnace may be roughly divided into a porous solid region. overlaying a hot high pressure gaseous zone. The gas reacts with the solid in a thin "intermediate region" at the base of the solid region and it is in this intermediate region that the pig iron is produced. A free boundary model is proposed for the location of the intermediate region and its stability is investigated.     

板料冲压成形CAD数字化分析基本理论

板料成形过程是涉及几何非线性、材料非线性和边界条件非线性等的多重非线性问题.介绍了板料冲压成形CAD数字化分析所涉及到的基本理论--非线性弹塑性材料的本构关系、板壳成形单元模型、接触问题、有限元方程及求解.     

Solar selective black molybdenum coatings by chemical conversion

Solar selectivity, with emphasis on a high solar absorptance and a low thermal emittance, was measured for black molybdenum films prepared by a chemical conversion process. The best values of the solar absorptance (0.88) and the thermal emittance (0.20) were achieved by optimizing the preparation parameters, e.g. the bath composition, the deposition temperature and the immersion time. The films deposited onto galvanized steel sheet and zinc-plated mild steel sheet show high adherence and good thermal stability at elevated temperatures (250 °C).     

Free Boundary Problems in the Steel Industry

This paper considers two novel free boundary problems that emerge from modelling processes basic to steel manufacture. The first process concerns the spray cooling of hot steel sheet during the process of continuous casting. Here, an important practical consideration is the non-monotonicity of the measured heat transfer from the steel as a function of the steel temperature. In order to understand this phenomenon, a two-phase flow model is written down for the heating and vapourisation of the water spray. This model relies on a microscale analysis of droplet vapourisation and, in a steady state, it reduces to a coupled system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations for the spray temperature and water content. This system predicts the conditions for the existence or otherwise of a free boundary separating the two-phase region from a dry vapour layer close to the steel plate.The thickness of this vapour layer is determined by the solution of a generalised Stefan problem. The second process concerns the macroscopic modelling of pig .iron production in blast furnaces. In the simplest scenario, the blast furnace may be roughly divided into a porous solid region overlaying a hot high pressure gaseous zone. The gas reacts with the solid in a thin “intermediate region“ at the base of the solid region and it is in this intermediate region that the pig iron is produced. A free boundary model is proposed for the location of the intermediate region and its stability is investigated.