共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 390 毫秒
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针对芽孢杆菌Bacillussp.WSHB04-02所产碱性果胶酶在棉织物精练中存在的问题,研究该碱性果胶酶应用于棉针织物精练的工艺条件,并进行优化。利用单因素法考察pH值、温度、酶用量和处理时间4个因素对酶精练效果的影响,得出该碱性果胶酶用于棉针织物精练的最优工艺条件为:酶活浓度960 U/L(1.2 mL/L),pH值7.0,温度60℃,处理时间40 min。对利用优化工艺处理的棉针织物的织物失重率、毛效、果胶去除率进行测定,与国外公司的相关产品以及传统碱精练工艺的使用效果做了比较。结果表明,新型碱性果胶酶具有中性、耐热性较好、成本较低和环境污染少的优点。 相似文献
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测试了精练酶BioPrep^(■)Fusion和碱性果胶酶的酶学特性,并对棉织物进行冷轧堆精练处理。通过测试毛细效应、润湿时间和果胶去除率,比较了不同的果胶酶冷堆精练工艺对棉织物处理效果的影响。再将不同果胶酶冷堆精练处理后的织物进行轧蒸氧漂与染色,并与碱法冷堆精练-轧蒸氧漂前处理效果对比。结果表明,精练酶BioPrep^(■)Fusion精练效果较好,当酶质量浓度为6 g/L时,冷堆精练后和轧蒸氧漂后的果胶去除率分别为85.7%和93.3%,毛细效应分别为10.9 cm和11.5 cm,润湿时间均小于5 s。 相似文献
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本文通过优化蛋白浓度测定方法和酶活力测定方法,并以酶解动力学曲线考察方法优化的合理性,以验证终点法测定碱性果胶酶比活的准确性。结果表明,果胶酶蛋白的最佳测定波长为550 nm,其线性和截距明显优于传统方法,可以忽略果胶酶稀释倍数对蛋白测定的影响。钙离子对该酶具有激活作用;聚半乳糖醛酸比果胶更适合作为酶活力测定底物,其最适pH为9.5,最佳浓度为2 mg/mL,果胶酶活力测定的最佳波长为232 nm,所测酶活力在吸光度值0~2范围内均保持零级反应状态,酶蛋白浓度与酶解速率线性相关且回归曲线截距更接近原点,因此,该测定条件不仅可用于终点法,酶解时间也可灵活掌握,而非拘泥于一个固定的时间段。以酶解30 min为例,其检测限(LOD)为0.15 mU/mL。由于DNS法的灵敏度较低,其半乳糖醛酸标准曲线不过原点,从而导致因酶液稀释倍数不同而产生测量误差,因此,紫外法测定碱性果胶酶活力为最佳选择。 相似文献
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碱性果胶酶精练对棉纤维表面结构的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了揭示碱性果胶酶精练的机制,促进碱性果胶酶在棉织物精练中的应用。 采用着色法评价了棉针织物碱性果胶酶精练效果,试验结果表明棉纤维采用碱性果胶酶精练,取得良好的精练效果。分别采用变焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜对原棉纤维、碱性果胶酶精练后的棉纤维及碱精练后的棉纤维的表面形态进行观察,并对其表面形态变化作了分析。通过分析得出棉纤维经过碱性果胶酶精练后除去了杂质,呈现出了棉纤维的原纤结构,从而揭示了碱性果胶酶精练去除棉纤维表面杂质的机制。 相似文献
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Structural characteristics of pectins from cotton fabrics, ramie, and apple were investigated by titration method and ATR–FTIR spectra. Pectin from cotton fabrics and ramie showed similar structure characteristics, both these two pectins showed big structural difference with pectin from apple. The activities of five pectinases were determined by using these three pectins as substrates. These five pectinases showed similar hydrolysis action on pectin from ramie and cotton fabrics, they also showed a great difference in the hydrolysis of pectin from apple and cotton fabrics. Moreover, bioscouring effect with these five pectinases was investigated, the pectinases with stronger hydrolysis action on ramie pectin displayed better bioscouring effect and the pectinase suitable for bioscouring was selected out. The bioscouring effect of the pectinase selected out was studied and showed almost perfect bioscouring effect. 相似文献
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《Journal of Natural Fibers》2013,10(2-3):189-197
SUMMARY Standard procedures of cotton scouring involve alkali treatment, usually with NaOH. Waxes, protein substances, pectin and other impurities are removed from fiber during alkali conditions and some damages occurred. Enzymatic cotton scouring with pectinases is ecologically and economically favorable, compared with traditional NaOH scouring, and has been used since 1999. In this work, alkali and enzymatic scouring were investigated under industrial conditions. After scouring, knitted fabrics were prebleached, bleached, reactive dyed in dark shade and softened. Textile properties of knitted fabrics were analyzed by degree of polymerization (DP), sewability and wicking length. 相似文献
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苎麻脱胶果胶复合酶的优选及其效果分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为研发高效苎麻脱胶酶制剂,对筛选并保藏的苎麻脱胶高效菌种进行液态发酵,测定胞外酶的果胶酶活力、甘露聚糖酶活力和蛋白质含量等特征参数。通过苎麻酶法脱胶,从纤维表观形态学、质量损失率、残胶率等方面综合分析苎麻脱胶效果。结果表明:第N 组和第G 组的果胶酶活力较优,分别为61.79、13.69IU/mL,比酶活力分别为4.47、0.93IU/mg;第N组和第G组的纤维素酶活力仅为0.01、0.02IU/mL;第N组和第G组苎麻质量损失率分别为20.30%和18.69%,残胶率分别为2.52%和4.21%,均接近实际工业化应用水平;第N组的单纤维线密为5.31dtex,束纤维断裂强度为4.8cN/dtex,属于优质脱胶苎麻纤维。 相似文献
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MARÍA E. CARRIN LILIANA CECI JORGE E. LOZANO 《Journal of food process engineering》2000,23(4):281-298
The immobilization of commercial pectinases by physical adsorption on hollow fiber ultrafiltration (HFUF) membranes was studied in view of its possible application in fruit juice clarification. The optimal pH during immobilization and washing was investigated, as well as the effects of enzyme and pectin concentrations and retentate flow on the operation. Results indicated that permeate flux was not initially increased when pectin solution or apple juice was ultrafiltred through pectinase immobilized on HFUF membranes. However, enzyme immobilization greatly extended the membrane operation, by keeping permeate flux constant during prolonged periods at a reasonable yield. 相似文献
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苎麻/棉筒子纱染色时,由于两种纤维得色量存在差异,易出现得色不匀问题.生产实践表明,采用氧漂煮练酶前处理,其白度和亮度可满足染纱要求;为了兼顾麻和棉两种纤维特点,保证络筒和织造的要求,应注意烘燥时适当提高筒纱回潮率.采用活性染色和柔软后处理工艺,苎麻/棉色纱色泽较好,内外层色差可达到要求. 相似文献
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利用黑曲霉自身强启动子(葡萄糖淀粉酶启动子,PglaA)实现了酸性果胶裂解酶PelD在黑曲霉中的过量表达,重组酸性果胶裂解酶经镍柱亲和层析纯化后进行Western blot鉴定及酶学性质研究。重组酸性果胶裂解酶在摇瓶发酵条件下最高酶活力达到8?822.6?U/mL;经一步纯化后,该重组酶的比活力为8?522.7?U/mg,回收率为79.4%;该重组酶的最适反应pH值为5.0,在pH?3.0~6.5范围内40?℃保温2?h仍能保持50%以上的相对酶活力,在酸性pH值下稳定性良好;最适反应温度为50?℃,该重组酶在30~50?℃的范围内非常稳定;在1?mmol/L浓度下,Ca2+、Mg2+、Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+、Mn2+、Ba2+对该重组酶具有激活作用,其中Zn2+、Ni2+、Ba2+激活作用较为显著,而十二烷基硫酸钠表现为抑制作用;底物特异性分析表明该酶能够特异性地降解高度甲酯化果胶,其对柑橘果胶(酯化度≥85%)酶活力高达31?248.0?U/mL;此外,重组酶对橙汁、苹果汁和葡萄汁具有良好的澄清效果,其中橙汁的透光度提高了16.9?倍,苹果汁的透光度提高了10.5?倍,葡萄汁的透光度提高了4.7?倍。 相似文献
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通过单因素实验对枯草芽孢杆菌菌株发酵产碱性果胶酶的培养基组分及培养条件进行优化。利用单因素实验确定了产酶的最优培养基:30 g/L豆饼粉、35 g/L马铃薯淀粉、20 g/L果胶、2.775 g/L氯化钙、4.025 g/L硫酸锌、113.6 g/L Na 2HPO 4。同时对温度、接种量、发酵pH进行优化,得到最优发酵条件:温度35℃、接种量3%、发酵过程控制pH=7.4,在此基础上进行补料流加实验,补料配方为350 g/L葡萄糖、10 g/L果胶,补料控制总糖浓度为20 ug/mL,并调整转速和风量控制溶氧30%~40%,最终酶活达到6120 U/mL,较初始酶活1061 U/mL提高了4.77倍。 相似文献