HOXA9在正常造血和急性髓系白血病中的调控作用

HOXA9 (homeobox A9)是一种含有同源盒结构域的转录因子,在正常造血发育和急性髓系白血病(acute myeloid leukemia, AML)的发生发展中发挥重要作用。HOXA9在造血发育的早期有助于造血干细胞(hematopoietic stem cell,HSC)的扩增,但在造血发育进程中HOXA9表达降低而逐渐失去对HSC的调控作用。HOXA9如何调控HSC的扩增仍有待阐明。在急性髓系白血病中,多种因素可导致HOXA9基因的过表达,而这正是维持白血病转化所必需的,但是HOXA9促进白血病发生发展的分子机制至今仍未完全阐明。该文将对HOXA9在正常造血和急性髓系白血病发生发展中的作用进行综述。     

HOXA10基因在多囊卵巢综合症患者卵巢中的表达

目的 探讨HOXA10基因在卵巢中颗粒细胞的表达及其与多囊卵巢综合征的关系.方法 采用逆转录聚合酶链反应及免疫印迹法分别测定25例多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)妇女和32例卵巢功能正常(Non-PCOS)妇女卵巢黄素化颗粒细胞中HOXA10 mRNA和蛋白的表达水平.结果 PCOS妇女黄素化颗粒细胞中HOXA10 mRNA的表达和蛋白的表达均低于Non PCOS妇女(P＜0.01,P＜0.05).结论 HOXA10基因在卵巢中有表达,PCOS妇女卵巢黄素化颗粒细胞HOXA10 mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显低于Non-PCOS妇女,提示该基因可能参与了PCOS的发生及发展过程.     

p57与同源框基因HOXA10在子宫内膜基质细胞体外蜕膜化过程中的表达

本文旨在从mRNA和蛋白水平研究子宫内膜基质细胞(endometrial stromalcell,ESC)体外蜕膜化过程中p57和同源框基因HOXA10(homeobox A10 gene)的表达变化以及HOXA10的亚细胞定位,从而推测其在蜕膜化过程中的作用。本实验联合使用0.5mmol/L8-溴-cAMP和1×10?6mol/LMPA(medroxyprogesterone acetate)作用1、2、4d(D1、D2、D4)诱导ESC发生蜕膜化,相应时间点提取mRNA和蛋白质行半定量RT-PCR和免疫印迹,同时以2%低血清培养ESC1、4d作为对照(C1、C4)。用间接免疫荧光和基因转染的方法,观察蜕膜化过程中HOXA10的亚细胞定位。结果显示:(1)蜕膜化过程中HOXA10的表达进行性下降,D2开始与对照组(C4)比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(2)相反,蜕膜化过程中p57的表达进行性上升,D2开始与对照组C4比较也有显著性差异(P<0.05)。(3)低血清培养ESC1、4d后,p57和HOXA10的表达没有显著性差异(P>0.05)。(4)蜕膜化过程中HOXA10始终定位于胞核,不发生胞浆胞核穿梭。以上观察结果表明:(1)p57的高表达是ESC脱离细胞周期走向分化的因素之一。(2)HOXA10的低表达可能是p57上调的原因之一。(3)孕激素受体(progesterone receptor,PR)途径参与了促进ESC脱离细胞周期而走向分化的过程。     

CBX4与HOXA5在慢性粒细胞白血病中的表达及相互作用研究

Polycomb group complex（PcG）作为发挥转录抑制作用的重要表观遗传调控复合物,参与发育、衰老以及肿瘤发生等重要病生理过程。PcG成员众多,分为PRC1与PRC2两种复合物,各组分间功能既协同,又不失特性。PRC1中的CBX4独特的结构域使其功能尤为特殊。近年发现,作为一类造血干细胞恶性克隆性疾病,白血病中常伴有PcG基因的异常表达或者突变。本研究通过qPCR发现,在慢性粒细胞白血病（chronic myeloid leukemia, CML）患者外周血白细胞中存在CBX4的表达明显下调,而PcG经典靶基因HOX家族中的HOXA5则表现为上调。给予伊马替尼（Imatinib）治疗后,二者均向相反方向恢复至正常人的表达水平,并且CBX4的表达水平与CML的经典分子标志物BCR ABL1融合基因有较好的相关性。上述结果提示,CBX4可以作为CML潜在的预后标志物。为了进一步揭示CBX4与HOXA5是否存在相互作用关系,本文通过双荧光素酶实验证实,CBX4能通过HOXA5的启动子而负调控其表达。本研究发现,CBX4与HOXA5在CML中存在负相关的异常表达,且证明CBX4可作为HOXA5的负调控因子。     

长链非编码RNA HOXA11-AS在胶质瘤中的表达及其临床意义的研究

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA HOXA11-AS在胶质瘤组织中的表达以及与胶质瘤患者临床预后的相关性。方法:首先,应用RT-PCR法检测人胶质瘤组织以及正常脑组织中HOXA11-AS的表达情况;其次,分析HOXA11-AS的表达水平与胶质瘤患者临床病理学特征之间的关系;最后,探讨HOXA11-AS的表达水平与胶质瘤患者预后之间的相关性。结果:RT-PCR显示,较之于正常脑组织(1.00±0.17),HOXA11-AS在胶质瘤组织(3.89±0.34)中的表达水平显著升高(P0.001),且随着肿瘤学分级的增高,HOXA11-AS的表达水平也随着升高(Grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ, 2.96±0.21 vs. Grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ, 4.83±0.50, p=0.003)。x~2检验提示HOXA11-AS表达水平与胶质瘤患者的肿瘤学分级、KPS评分以及患者的复发情况具有显著相关性,而与患者的年龄、性别、肿瘤大小等无相关性。Kaplan-Meier分析患者生存率,结果显示,HOXA11-AS低表达组患者的生存率明显高于HOXA11-AS高表达组患者,差异具有统计学意义(P0.001)。最后,我们的研究结果发现,HOXA11-AS的高表达水平、肿瘤学分级的增高、KPS评分80分均为影响胶质瘤患者预后的独立危险因素(P0.05)。结论:HOXA11-AS与胶质瘤患者预后密切相关,且为预测患者预后的独立因素。     

慢病毒重组同源盒基因HOXA4表达载体的构建及其感染人脐带间充质干细胞的实验性研究

目的 构建携带同源基因HOXA4的慢病毒表达载体,并测定其对人脐带间充质干细胞的感染效率.方法 使用酶切及PCR技术从含有HOXA4基因的质粒克隆模版HOXA4-MSCV逆转录载体中获取目的 基因HOXA4,并将HOXA4基因重组到慢病毒载体表达质粒上Lenti-GFP-CTB,通过酶切、测序验证HOXA4基因后,将Lenti-GFP-HOXA4质粒、和辅助包装质粒pRsv-REV、pMDlg-pRRE、PMD2G共同转染人胚胎肾上皮细胞系293T细胞,获得携带HOXA4基因的重组慢病毒Lentiviral-HOXA4;然后感染人脐带间充质干细胞,通过荧光显微镜及流式细胞术检测其感染效率.结果 成功构建携带HOXA4基因的慢病毒表达载体Lentiviral-HOXA4,并获得高纯度的慢病毒浓缩液.经检测病毒滴度达2.11×108 TU/ml.成功转染HOXA4基因的脐带间充质干细胞表达绿色荧光蛋白,当病毒感染复数（MOI）值为60时转染效率最高,达（95.4±4.3）%.结论 成功构建携带人HOXA4基因的慢病毒,并可以在体外有效转染人脐带间充质干细胞.     

CTCF和cohesin参与人成纤维细胞中HOXA基因簇染色质高级构象的组织

位于人体不同部位的成纤维细胞具有细胞特异性的HOX基因表达模式,可以作为区分不同成纤维细胞的依据之一.在个体发育的过程中,建立或维持不同HOX基因表达模式的机制始终是引人关注的问题.本实验室前期工作在NT2/D1人畸胎瘤细胞中证明了CTCF/cohesin介导的染色质高级构象在维甲酸诱导的HOXA基因共线性开启过程中发挥了重要作用.为了进一步研究原代细胞中CTCF/cohesin对HOXA基因的调控作用,本研究选取了来自体轴不同部位并且HOXA基因表达模式互补的人胚肺和包皮成纤维细胞,对HOXA基因簇中CTCF和cohesin的结合水平以及相关的染色质高级构象进行了检测.与人胚肺成纤维细胞相比,包皮成纤维细胞中的cohesin结合水平较低,相关的染色质高级构象比较"开放",并且主要表达5′端的HOXA基因.本研究还发现CTCF结合位点CBSA56处于HOXA基因簇染色质高级构象中的核心位置,并且该位点参与的染色质相互作用在两种成纤维细胞中呈现出明显的差异,说明CBSA56是一个关键的CTCF结合位点.以上结果表明,CTCF和cohesin参与了人原代成纤维细胞中HOXA基因簇染色质高级构象的组织和HOXA基因的表达调控,并且提示细胞类型特异性的染色质高级构象与HOXA基因的空间共线性表达模式之间存在协同关系.     

LncRNA HOXA-AS2在癌症中的作用

长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,lncRNAs)是一类长度超过200个核苷酸的非编码转录本。越来越多的证据表明,lncRNAs在癌症的发生和发展中起着重要的调控作用。HOXA簇反义RNA 2(HOXA cluster antisense RNA 2,HOXA-AS2)是一种新型的lncRNA,其在癌症的发生、发展等过程中发挥了重要作用。本文对近年来HOXA-AS2在人类多种癌症中的表达、分子机制及相关功能进行综述,并探讨其可能的临床应用。     

HOXA7促进宫颈癌细胞体外增殖的实验研究

该研究敲低同源盒基因A7(homeobox genes A7,HOXA7)后,研究宫颈癌细胞Siha、Caski体外增殖的影响。将HOXA7基因的si-RNA稳定转染至Siha、Caski细胞;RNA干扰的效果采用RTPCR、Western blot进行鉴定;细胞生长速度采用MTT法、细胞倍增时间实验来进行检测;平板克隆形成实验检测细胞接种的存活率;流式细胞术检测细胞周期。RNA干扰结果显示,敲低HOXA7基因后,Siha、Caski细胞中HOXA7表达下调。MTT结果显示,实验组Siha/si-HOXA7、Caski/si-HOXA7细胞生长速度明显下降。研究发现,对照组细胞Siha/NC、Caski/NC与实验组细胞Siha/si-HOXA7、Caski/si-HOXA7的平均倍增时间为分别为5.652±0.352 h、4.650±0.340 h、7.342±0.331 h和6.987±0.330 h;对照组细胞Siha/NC、Caski/NC与实验组细胞Siha/si-HOXA7、Caski/si-HOXA7的克隆形成率分别为35.400%±1.429%、31.700%±1.943%、24.200%±1.098%和21.200%±1.838%。分别与对照组细胞Siha/NC、Caski/NC比较,实验组细胞Siha/si-HOXA7、Caski/si-HOXA7增殖、倍增时间和克隆形成能力差异极显著(P0.01)。实验组细胞周期也发生改变:G_1期细胞增多、S期细胞减少。这说明,HOXA7基因可以促进宫颈癌细胞Caski、Siha的增殖,这为进一步探索HOXA7基因的功能及研究宫颈癌的发病机制打下了坚实的基础。     

HOXA5对病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞功能的调控机制研究

该课题旨在研究HOXA5对病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞凋亡和细胞行为的影响,以及HOXA5对细胞内p53通路活化的调控作用。取患者增生性瘢痕和瘢痕疙瘩组织,分离培养成纤维细胞。将HOXA5过表达质粒转染细胞,通过CCK-8检测细胞增殖情况,流式细胞仪检测细胞凋亡情况, Transwell检测细胞迁移能力, Western blot检测细胞内α平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)、黏着斑蛋白(vinculin)以及I、III型前胶原肽的蛋白含量,并构建含成纤维细胞的胶原网架(FPCL)评价细胞收缩能力。进一步通过p53启动子荧光素酶报告基因检测HOXA5对p53通路的激活作用, ChIP PCR检测HOXA5与p53启动子区含ATTA的HOX核心结合序列的结合情况。Western blot检测p53下游靶点p21和MDm2蛋白含量。结果显示,转染了HOXA5过表达质粒的细胞增殖活性下降,迁移、收缩能力减弱,细胞凋亡情况加重,细胞内α-SMA、vinculin以及I、III型前胶原肽的蛋白含量减少。细胞内进一步的机制研究发现, HOXA5过表达可以促进p53启动子荧光素酶报告基因的表达, ChIP PCR检测发现,过表达HOXA5后, p53启动子区富含ATTA的HOX核心结合序列区域结合的HOXA5增多,并且p53下游靶点p21和MDm2蛋白含量显著增加。综上,该实验证实了HOXA5可以激活病理性瘢痕成纤维细胞内p53凋亡通路,并促进细胞凋亡,抑制细胞的增殖、迁移和收缩能力。     

HOXA10直接调控人子宫内膜间质细胞中p/CAF启动子的活性

目的：筛选与鉴定转录因子同源框蛋白（HOX）A10下游靶基因。方法：用Ad-HOXA10重组腺病毒感染人子宫内膜间质细胞,通过染色体免疫共沉淀（ChIP）方法,筛选HOXA10的下游靶基因;采用萤光素酶报告基因实验结合腺病毒介导的HOXA10过表达和小干扰RNA介导的基因沉默实验,分析HOXA10对下游靶基因的转录调控作用。结果：ChIP-PCR筛选并鉴定p/CAF（p300/CBP相关因子）为HOXA10直接作用的靶基因;过表达HOXA10抑制p/CAF启动子活性达60%;基因沉默内源性HOXA10的表达可以激活p/CAF启动子活性超过2倍以上。结论：p/CAF是HOXA10新的靶基因,HOXA10可能通过调节p/CAF的表达来调控子宫内膜的发育。     

Chicken gga-miR-130a targets HOXA3 and MDFIC and inhibits Marek’s disease lymphoma cell proliferation and migration

Marek’s disease (MD) is an infectious disease of chickens caused by MD virus (MDV), which is a herpesvirus that initiates tumor formation. Studies have indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are linked with the development of cancers or tumors. Previously, gga-miR-130a was discovered downregulated in MDV-infected tissues. Here, we aimed to explore the further function of gga-miR-130a in MD. The expression of gga-miR-130a in MDV-infected and uninfected spleens was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Subsequently, proliferation and migration assays of MDV-transformed lymphoid cells (MSB1) were carried out by transfecting gga-miR-130a. The target genes of gga-miR-130a were predicted using TargetScan and miRDB and clustered through Gene Ontology analysis. The target genes were validated by western blot, qRT-PCR, and a dual luciferase reporter assay. Our results show that the expression of gga-miR-130a was reduced in MDV-infected spleens. Gga-miR-130a showed an inhibitory effect on MSB1 cell proliferation and migration. Two target genes, homeobox A3 (HOXA3) and MyoD family inhibitor domain containing (MDFIC), were predicted and clustered to cell proliferation. Results indicate that gga-miR-130a regulates HOXA3 and MDFIC at the protein level but not at the mRNA level. Moreover, the gga-miR-130a binding sites of two target genes have been confirmed. We conclude that gga-miR-130a can arrest MSB1 cell proliferation and migration, and target HOXA3 and MDFIC, which are both involved in the regulation of cell proliferation. Collectively, gga-miR-130a plays a critical role in the tumorigenesis associated with chicken MD.     

Long noncoding RNA LINC00483/microRNA-144 regulates radiosensitivity and epithelial–mesenchymal transition in lung adenocarcinoma by interacting with HOXA10

Lung adenocarcinoma (LAD) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to play an important regulatory role in cancer biology, including that of LAD. The aim of this experiment was to explore the interaction of LINC00483, microRNA-144 (miR-144), and homeobox A10 (HOXA10), and their effects on radio sensitivity and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of LAD. Initially, microarray analysis was used to screen out miRNAs and lncRNAs, as well as the differentially expressed genes related to LAD. Following the screening process, the targeting relationship of LINC00483, miR-144, and that of miR-144 and HOXA10 was determined. Following that, the expression of LINC00483, miR-144, messenger RNA (mRNA), as well as protein expression of HOXA10, MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin, vimentin, and N-cadherin that followed in cells was determined. Also, the effect of LINC00483 on cell migration and invasion ability, and cell tumorigenic ability was detected. LINC00483 and HOXA10 were found to be upregulated whereas miR-144 was downregulated in LAD. Silencing of LINC00483 could competitively bind to miR-144, thereby upregulating HOXA10. LINC00483 or HOXA10 silencing led to decreased HOXA10, MMP-2, MMP-9, vimentin, and N-cadherin but elevated miR-144 and E-cadherin. Moreover, after being transfected with silenced LINC00483, the cell proliferation, migration, and invasion were inhibited with enhanced radiosensitivity. Consequently, the data of the study indicates that interference of LINC00483 weakens its competitive binding ability to miR-144, thus reducing HOXA10 expression, and enhancing radiosensitivity in LAD.     

Retracted: Downregulation of microRNA-1469 promotes the development of breast cancer via targeting HOXA1 and activating PTEN/PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways

Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignancy which is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in women all over the worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the roles of miR-1469 in the development of BC, as well as its regulatory mechanism. The expression levels of miR-1469 in BC tissues, serum, and cell lines were determined. Effects of overexpression of miR-1469 on MCF7 cell viability, colony-forming ability, apoptosis, migration, and invasion were then investigated. Furthermore, the potential target of miR-1469 in MCF7 cells was explored. Besides, the association between miR-1469, PTEN/PI3K/AKT, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways was elucidated. Notably, confirmatory experiments by downregulation of miR-1469 in SK-BR-3 cells were further performed. The miR-1469 expression was significantly downregulated in BC tissues, serum, and cell lines. The overexpression of miR-1469 significantly inhibited the proliferation, arrested cell-cycle at G2/M phase, increased apoptosis, suppressed migration, and invasion of MCF-7 cells. In addition, HOXA1 was verified as a direct target of miR-1469, and the effects of overexpression of miR-1469 on the malignant behaviors of MCF7 cells were significantly counteracted by overexpression of HOXA1 concurrently. Furthermore, the overexpression of miR-1469 suppressed the activation of PTEN/PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, which was reversed overexpression of HOXA1 concurrently. Besides, confirmatory experiments showed that the inhibition of miR-1469 promoted the malignant behaviors of SK-BR-3 cells, which was inversed after miR-1469 inhibition and HOXA1 knockdown at the same time. Our findings reveal that downregulation of miR-1469 may promote the development of BC by targeting HOXA1 and activating PTEN/PI3K/AKT and Wnt/β-catenin pathways. MiR-1469 may serve as a promising target for BC therapy.     

单克隆抗体和功能细胞株的进展和应用

本书为专论单克隆抗体杂交瘤专著:这还是生物分析研究领域中开辟的新的领域。该书重点介绍了重组单克隆抗体和分子遗传分析技术,阐述了在分子水平上研究基因和基因产物的结构与功能的相互关系,并进一步介绍了单克隆抗体在医学领域中应用的潜力。本书可供遗传学、免疫学、生物工程学、医学、分子生物学等科研和教学人员参考。