锗酸盐晶体压致非晶化的研究

高压拉曼散射研究表明．ＣｕＧｅＯ３，Ｌｉ２ＧｅＯ３和Ｌｉ６Ｇｅ２Ｏ７三种晶体分别在７，１２和１１ＧＰａ压力下转变为非晶。在高于起始转变压力以上一定范围压致非晶是可逆的，ＣｕＧｅＯ３，Ｌｉ２ＧｅＯ３和Ｌｉ６Ｇｅ２Ｏ７压致非晶的不可逆转变压力分别为１４．１，２０和２０ＧＰａ。压致非晶ＣｕＧｅＯ３的重新晶化温度在６００℃附近。锗酸及系列晶体的压致非晶化与它们的成份和结构有关，随着在这一系列晶体中Ｌｉ２Ｏ含量的增加，压致非晶化的压力趋于减小。     

硼酸锂系列晶体的高压拉曼散射研究

本文进行了硼酸锂系列晶体的高压拉曼散射及其压致相变的研究。对于三硼酸锂（ＬｉＢ３Ｏ５），我们发现在５．０ＧＰａ有一可逆的晶态到晶态的相变，在２７．０ＧＰａ有一不可逆的晶态到非晶态的相变。二硼酸锂（Ｌｉ２Ｂ４Ｏ７）不可逆压致非晶相变发生在３２．０ＧＰａ附近。对于一硼酸锂，我们研究了０—５５．８ＧＰａ范围内的高压拉曼光谱，只在２．０ＧＰａ发现了一个晶态到晶态的相变，但未发现不可逆压致非晶化现象。在硼酸锂系列晶体中，不可逆压致非晶化的压力随Ｌｉ２Ｏ的含量的增加而升高。硼酸锂晶体中Ｌｉ２Ｏ的含量越高，压致非晶化越不容易发生，这与熔体急冷法制备硼酸锂玻璃的规律是一致的。     

非晶态（Fe＿（1－x）Co＿x）＿（77．5）Nd＿4B＿（18．5）合金的电阻率的压力系数和压力弛豫研究

在０．０００１－２．４ＧＰａ流体静压力范围详细研究了非晶（Ｆｅ＿ｘＣｏ＿ｘ）＿（７７．５）Ｎｄ＿４Ｂ＿（１８．５）（０≤ｘ≤１．０）合金的电阻率与压力的关系，得到该非晶合金电阻率的压力系数随组分ｘ变化的规律。结果表明：用少量的钴（ｘ＝０．２）替代铁，不会影响其硬磁性和热稳定性，同时却可减小电阻率的压力系数，从而增强电磁性能在压力下的稳定性。此外还观测到在０．５１ＧＰａ保压３－２４ｂ的结构弛豫，进一步求出该非晶台金电阻率的压力弛豫时间对组分ｘ的依赖关系。     

KH_2PO_4和（CH_3NHCH_2COOH）_3CaCl_2在高压下的状

在活塞圆筒式Ｐ～Ｖ关系测量装置上，研究了ＫＨ＿２ＰＯ＿４（ＫＤＰ）和（ＣＨ＿３ＮＨＣＨ＿２ＣＯ－ＯＨ）＿３ＣａＣＩ＿２［Ｔｒｉｓ－ｓａｒｃｏｓｉｎｅｃａｌｃｉｕｍｃｈｌｏｒｉｄｅ（ＴＳＣＣ）］在室温下、４．５ＧＰａ内的ｐ～Ｖ关系。实验结果表明：ＫＤＰ在２．１ＧＰａ左右有一个相变；ＴＳＣＣ在０．８ＧＰａ和３．２ＧＰａ左右各有一个相变。本工作还给出了它们在相变前后的状态方程，以及它们的格临爱森参数γＯ、体积模量Ｂ＿ｏ和Ｂ＿ｏ的压力导数Ｂ＿ｏ。     

（GdO）3BO3：Eu^3＋的合成及其荧光与结构的关系

以Ｌｉ２ＣＯ３为助熔剂合成了（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３纯物相，并利用多晶Ｘ射线衍射研究了（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３的结构，根据（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３所属空间群中等效点系的对称性及Ｅｕ＾３＋的荧光光谱，推断出Ｇｄ＾３＋在（ＧｄＯ）３ＢＯ３中所处格位的点对称性为Ｃ１，Ｃ２或Ｃ３。     

静高压下非晶（Fe0.09,Mo0.01）74Si9B13合金晶化过程的热力学研究

在６００－９３０Ｋ，常压到７ＧＰａ的范围内，对非晶（Ｆｅ０．９９，Ｍｏ０．０１）７８Ｓｉ９Ｂ１３合金等温等压退火３０ｍｉｎ。实验表明；其晶化产物α－Ｆｅ（Ｍｏ，Ｓｉ）Ｆｅ３Ｂ和Ｆｅ２Ｂ相的析出与所加压力密切相关。压力使非晶（Ｆｅ０．９９Ｍｏ０．０１）７８Ｓｉ９Ｂ１３合金的晶化温度和亚稳Ｆｅ３Ｂ相的析出温度下降，在一定的压力和温度下，亚稳Ｆｅ３Ｂ相半向稳定Ｆｅ２Ｂ相转变其转变温度随压力而变化。     

Fe（Ⅲ）、Al（Ⅲ）、Ni（Ⅱ）非有机溶剂液－液萃取行为的研究

本文研究了ＰＥＧ（聚乙二醇）－２０００－钍试剂－（ＮＨ＿４）＿２ＳＯ＿４体系对Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）、Ａｌ（Ⅲ）、Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）的非有机溶剂萃取行为。指出在ｐＨ为３．５－６．５（ＮａＡｃ－ＨＡｃ）的水溶液中，有（ＮＨ＿４）＿２ＳＯ＿４存在下，Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）、Ａｌ（Ⅲ）可被ＰＥＧ－２０００相几乎完全萃取，而Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）则基本上不被萃取。从而获得了Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）与Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）、Ａｌ（Ⅲ）混合离子的定量分离。     

中高能α粒子与类氦离子和Li原子碰撞中电子俘获截面的计算

用两态原子轨道展开方法研究计算了中高能α粒子与类氦离子（Ｂｅ２＋，Ｂ３＋，Ｃ４＋，Ｎ５＋，Ｏ６＋）和Ｌｉ原子碰撞中电子俘获截面。结果表明，在中高能区的结果与实验较好地符合。     

与Al发生扩散反应的非晶(Fe0.99Mo0.01)78Si9B13晶化

高压下与Ａｌ发生扩散反应的非晶（Ｆｅ０．９９Ｍｏ０．０１）７８Ｓｉ９Ｂ１３（ＦＭＳＢ）的不同。与Ａｌ反应的ＦＭＳＢ非晶在３．０￣５．０ＧＰａ,７８０￣９００Ｋ热处理时,晶化为α－Ｆｅ（Ａｌ）和次亚稳非晶合金;在这一压力范围以外,７２０￣９００Ｋ热处理时,晶化为α－Ｆｅ（Ｓｉ）,Ｆｅ３Ｂ或Ｆｅ２Ｂ。与Ａｌ发生反应的ＦＭＳＢ非晶可能通过与Ａｌ的扩散反应在Ａｌ／ＦＭＳＢ界面开始晶化。压力和温度对晶化过程     

热稳定法拉第旋转TbYbBiIG磁光单晶及性能

采用高温溶液法，以Ｂｉ２Ｏ３／Ｂ２Ｏ３为助熔剂成功地生长出掺铋复合稀土铁石榴石（ＴｂＹｂＢｉ）３Ｆｅ５Ｏ１２（简称ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ）晶体。晶体外形规则，最大尺寸为７×６×４ｍｍ３，Ｘ射线衍射分析证实，生长的晶体为ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ单相单晶体，扫描电镜能谱分析其组成为Ｔｂ２．０６Ｙｂ０．４６Ｂｉ０．４８Ｆｅ５Ｏ１２。在１．０μｍ～１．７μｍ波段测量出晶体法拉第旋转谱和光吸收谱。当λ＝１．５５μｍ时，在１０°Ｃ～８０°Ｃ温度范围内测得法拉第旋转θＦ的温度系数为ｄθＦ／ｄＴ＝－２．３×１０－２ｄｅｇ·ｍｍ－１Ｋ－１。研究结果表明，ＴｂＹｂＢｉＩＧ单晶体在近红外波段θＦ约为ＹＩＧ单晶的３倍，温度系数小，是制作高性能光隔离器的一种好材料     

二硼酸锂晶体的压致非晶化研究

二硼酸锂晶体的压致非晶化研究李玉栋，扈士芬，蓝国祥（南开大学物理系天津３０００７１）Ｐｒｅｓｓｕｒｅ－ＩｎｄｕｃｅｄＡｍｏｒｐｈｉｓａｔｉｏｎｏｆＬｉｔｈｉｕｍＤｉｂｏｒｉｔｅ￥ＹｕｄｏｎｇＬｉ；ＳｈｉｆｅｎＨｕａｎｄＧｕｏｘｉａｎｇＬａｎ（Ｄｅｐａ...     

Ge2 Sb2 Te5相变薄膜光学及擦除性能研究

利用蓝绿激光对非晶态Ge2Sb2Te5 相变薄膜进行擦除性能的研究,分别用1000 ns,500 ns,100 ns,60 ns脉宽的蓝绿激光进行实验.结果表明,一定脉宽下,反射率对比度随擦除功率的增加而增大.并且,在1000 ns,500 ns,100 ns,60 ns的激光作用时间范围内,非晶态薄膜均可转变成晶态.对于脉宽为60 ns的蓝绿激光,擦除功率大于4.49 mW以后,薄膜的反射率对比度高于15％,这表明Ge2Sb2Te5相变薄膜在短脉宽、低擦除功率条件下,可具有较高的晶化速度.同时,分析了非晶态和晶态Ge2Sb2Te5相变薄膜的光谱特性,对比研究了780 nm,650 nm,514 nm和405 nm波长处的反射率和反射率对比度,提出了Ge2Sb2Te5相变薄膜用于蓝光光盘的改进方法.     

Raman spectra and XPS studies of phase changes in Ge2Sb2Te5 films

Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 film was deposited by RF magnetron sputtering on Si (100) substrate. The structure of amorphous and crystalline Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 thin films was investigated using XRD, Raman spectra and XPS. XRD measurements revealed the existence of two different crystalline phases, which has a FCC structure and a hexagonal structure, respectively. The broad peak in the Raman spectra of amorphous Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 film is due to the amorphous －Te－-Te－ stretching. As the annealing temperature increases, the broad peak separates into two peaks, which indicates that the heteropolar bond in GeTe_4 and the Sb－Sb bond are connected with four Te atoms, and other units such as (TeSb) Sb－Sb (Te_2) and (Sb_2) Sb－Sb (Te_2), where some of the four Te atoms in the above formula are replaced by Sb atoms, remain in crystalline Ge_2Sb_2Te_5 thin film. And from the results of Raman spectra and XPS, higher the annealing temperature, more Te atoms bond to Ge atoms and more Sb atoms substitute Te in (Te_2) Sb－Sb (Te_2).     

Amorphous boron nitride at high pressure

The pressure-induced phase transformation in hexagonal boron nitrite and amorphous boron nitrite is studied using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The hexagonal-to-wurtzite phase transformation is successfully reproduced in the simulation with a transformation mechanism similar to one suggested in experiment. Amorphous boron nitrite, on the other hand, gradually transforms to a high-density amorphous phase with the application of pressure. This phase transformation is irreversible because a densified amorphous state having both sp³ and sp² bonds is recovered upon pressure release. The high-density amorphous state mainly consists of sp³ bonds and its local structure is quite similar to recently proposed intermediate boron nitrite phases, in particular tetragonal structure (P4₂/mnm), rather than the known the wurtzite or cubic boron nitrite due to the existence of four membered rings and edge sharing connectivity. On the basis of this finding we propose that amorphous boron nitrite might be best candidate as a starting structure to synthesize the intermediate phase(s) at high pressure and temperature (probably below 800 °C) conditions.     

掺Ce的Y－Ba－Cu－O体系成相的拉曼光谱分析

掺Ｃｅ的Ｙ－Ｂａ－Ｃｕ－Ｏ体系成相的拉曼光谱分析许存义，左健，王跃（中国科学技术大学结构分析开放研究实验室合肥２３００２６）ＳｔｕｄｙｏｎＴｈｅＲａｍａｎＳｐｅｃｔｒｕｍｏｆＣｅ－ｄｏｐｅｄＹ－Ｂａ－Ｃｕ－ＯＳｙｓｔｅｍ￥ＣｕｎｙｉＸｕ；ＪｉａｎＺｕ...     

Growth of Mn5Ge3 ultrathin film on Ge（111）

The growth of Mn5Ge3 ultrathin films with different thicknesses, prepared by solid phase epitaxy, is studied. The results of scanning tunnelling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction studies show that the film can be formed and it is terminated with a （√3 × √3） R30° surface reconstruction when the thickness of Mn exceeds 3 monolayers. The magnetic properties show that the Curie temperature is about 300 K and the T^2-dependent behaviour is observed to remain up to 220 K.     

Pressure-induced transformations in two-dimensional polymeric phases of C<Subscript>60</Subscript>

The structural stability of the tetragonal and rhombohedral two-dimensional (2D) polymeric phases of C₆₀ was studied under pressures up to 27 GPa at room temperature by means of in situ Raman scattering spectroscopy. The results show that the tetragonal 2D phase undergoes an irreversible transformation in the region of 20 GPa while no pressure-induced transitions were observed for the rhombohedral 2D phase. The obtained data are discussed within the framework of recent numerical calculations, which predict the pressure-induced transformation of the 2D polymeric phases of C₆₀ into three-dimensional (3D) polymers in the pressure range 14–20 GPa.     

X-ray diffraction analysis for quasi-crystals under pressure

Abstract

X-ray diffration analysis under high pressure was performed on the icosahedral phase (I-phase) of an Al₈₀Mn₂₀ alloy and Al₆Li₃Cu alloy. The I-phase of an Al-Mn alloy was stable and there was no indication of phase transformations. In an Al-Li-Cu alloy, the I-phase underwent irreversible transformation successively to the amorphous state and the long-range ordered state. This is the first observation of the pressure-induced amorphization.     

非晶La_(1-x)Nd_xP_5O_(14)的拉曼散射研究

本文利用拉曼散射对非晶 La_(1-X)Nd_XP_5O_(14)及其晶化过程进行了研究。拉曼散射表明在非晶La_(1-X)Nd_XP_5O_(14)中仍保留着晶态 La_(1-X)Nd_XP_5O_(14)中具有的 PO_4~(3-)四面体结构单元。非晶La_(1-X)Nd_XP_5O_4在不同温度下晶化,其拉曼谱线的频率不同,这一现象可用应力模型给予解释。     

Sr2Bi4Ti5O18的压致结构相变

 使用4∶1的甲醇-乙醇混合液作传压介质，利用金刚石对顶砧装置（DAC），研究了层状铁电体Sr₂Bi₄Ti₅O₁₈的在位高压拉曼光谱和压致结构相变（0～27 GPa）。发现在8.31 GPa，Sr₂Bi₄Ti₅O₁₈经历了一次结构相交。在23.13 GPa以上，Sr₂Bi₄Ti₅O₁₈似乎出现了压致非晶相交的先兆。并使用内模方法对Sr₂Bi₄Ti₅O₁₈的内模进行了指认。