激光等离子体形成过程的数值模拟

采用一维单流体双温度辐射流体动力学模型.通过数值模拟方法.研究了XeCl准分子激光辐照金属Al靶时.气化等离子体的形成和演化过程.     

基于脉冲激光的铝靶碎片冲量耦合系数的研究进展

综述了冲量耦合系数的测量方法:冲击摆法、激光干涉法、激光结合冲击摆法、水平导轨测量方法、压力传感器法,介绍了冲量耦合系数的主要数值分析方法以及影响因素:激光波长、脉宽、重复频率、功率密度以及碎片材料特性等。在概括总结了激光烧蚀冲量耦合影响因素的基础上,总结了激光烧蚀冲量耦合系数测量实验装置需要改进的措施以及测量装置和激光发射器今后所需要研究的方向。     

不同延时的组合脉冲激光致硅表面损伤研究

为了研究组合脉冲激光与单晶硅材料的相互作用过程,采用两束脉宽分别为7ns和1ms的脉冲激光复合作用的方式,进行了单束毫秒脉冲激光和组合脉冲激光辐照硅片的实验研究,并结合数值计算对比了两种激光工作模式辐照造成的表面损伤形貌;根据组合脉冲激光延迟时间的不同将损伤形貌分为3类,对熔融深度和表面损伤半径做了进一步的研究。结果表明,组合脉冲激光的损伤效应更为严重,包括解理裂纹、烧蚀和皱褶,表面损伤半径主要取决于入射毫秒脉冲激光的能量密度,而熔融深度随延迟时间的增加而减小;毫秒脉冲激光的预加热以及纳秒脉冲激光造成的表面损伤与后续毫秒脉冲激光的相互作用,使得组合脉冲激光具有更好的损伤效果。该研究结果可为今后组合脉冲激光加工半导体材料提供参考。     

YAG激光诱导组合脉冲放电对材料表面强化的研究

为了增加激光诱导放电坑强化层深度,同时考虑降低由于表面严重气化导致能量的损耗,研究了激光诱导组合脉冲放电的技术。采用多激光诱导放电的方法,通过在脉冲放电过程中增加脉冲激光个数,来增强通道后期激光诱导的能力;采用增加放电脉冲个数的方法,通过控制加工点的温度来控制放电能量的输入方式,减少能量的集中度,来增加强化层深度。结果表明,通过增加诱导激光脉冲个数,放电坑直径从原来的690μm降为652μm,强化层深度从85μm增加到100μm,通过将1个单脉冲改为一定间隔的3个子脉冲,放电坑直径降为653μm,强化层深度增加到92μm。该方案适合机械部件的表面强化加工。     

飞秒激光多脉冲烧蚀金属铁的数值模拟

从表面微结构加工需求出发,研究了超短脉冲对金属材料的烧蚀作用。利用双温方程推导了多脉冲辐照分析模型,分别对单脉冲及多脉冲烧蚀金属铁的温度变化规律进行了定量计算和比较。结果表明,激光能量密度、脉冲宽度、脉冲时间间隔是影响电子/晶格温度变化规律的几个主要因素,并最终绘制出了在不同的激光能量密度烧蚀下,材料达到烧蚀阈值需要的脉冲个数,以此为加工过程中的激光控制提供理论依据。     

脉冲激光表面强化数值模拟及热物性参量影响

建立了包含脉冲激光束时空分布、依赖于温度的材料参量、组织演化历史以及多次相变特征在内的脉冲激光表面强化三维有限元模型。针对常热物性和变热物性并考虑相变潜热两种情况，温度场及其演化分别得到了解析解和通用有限元软件的验证，强化区层深和宽度得到了实验验证。研究了材料热物性对强化区的影响，得到了一定范围内强化区层深随材料热物性参量的变化规律，即：热传导系数不变时，强化区层深随热扩散率的增加而增加；比热容不变时，强化区层深随热扩散率的增加而减小；热扩散率一定时，强化区层深随热传导系数和比热容的增加而降低。以球铁、共析钢和巾碳钢为例，分析了两种确定材料热物性常数方法，即一定温度范围内的平均值法和选取奥氏体化温度附近参量方法的可行性，研究表明平均值法可以得到较好的结果。     

双脉冲激光诱导铝等离子体的双波长干涉诊断

双脉冲激光诱导等离子体在激光加工、元素检测、材料去除等领域有广阔的应用前景和发展空间,对其进行诊断具有重要意义。针对延迟双脉冲激光诱导铝等离子体的作用效果和影响机理,采用双波长干涉法对其时间演化规律展开研究。基于马赫-曾德尔干涉仪搭建了双波长干涉诊断系统,得到了双脉冲激光诱导等离子体干涉图。通过对干涉图的处理和分析,得到了等离子体电子密度随双脉冲激光延迟时间的变化规律。结果表明,随着双脉冲激光延迟时间的增加,第二束脉冲激光对等离子体电子密度的增强效果先加强后减弱。其中,双脉冲激光延迟时间为10 ns时,对等离子体电子密度的增强效果最强,在30 ns时刻,其中心区域平均电子密度可达6.49×1019 cm?3,相较于同等能量单脉冲激光诱导等离子体提升了26%。同时研究了延迟时间对第二束脉冲激光作用机制的影响。研究结果为双脉冲激光诱导等离子体的优化方向提供了参考。     

Excitation mechanism and plasma parameters in pulsed argon-ion lasers

Pulsed argon-ion lasers show several interesting properties at high currents. To understand the inversion mechanism, the plasma parameters, electrical conductivity, electron temperature, and electron density were measured with the double-probe method for the pressure range from 15 to 50 mtorr in a 6-mm-bore tube. When the discharge current increases from 100 to 700 amperes at the optimum pressure for laser oscillation, these parameters increase from 250 to450Omega^{-1}cdotcm^-1, from8 times 10^{4}to10^{5}degK, and2 times 10^{14}to 10¹⁵cm^-3, respectively. At the maximum electron density, the percent of ionization appears to be in excess of 100 percent, as a result of the pinch effect and double ionization. It is certain that this ring discharge is at least ionized very strongly. In a 10-mm-bore tube, only the electron temperature and density were measured. The current dependence of the laser output power at high currents is interpreted with those results. Excitation mechanisms of high-current argon-ion lasers are discussed with experiments and theories for strongly ionized plasmas.     

Numerical simulation of excimer lasers with unstable resonators

A numerical code has been developed to model UV-preionized, discharge excited XeCl laser equipped with unstable resonators. The code includes a steady-state Boltzmann equation for the electron kinetics, rate equations for the plasma species and for the discharge circuit, and a one-dimensional laser propagation-amplification equation depending on the applied unstable cavity. The accordance between numerical and experimental data referring to a XeCl laser fitted with a super-Gaussian unstable resonator is satisfactory     

Numerical simulation of optical feedback on a quantum dot lasers

We use multi-population rate equations model to study feedback oscillations in the quantum dot laser. This model takes into account all peculiar characteristics in the quantum dots such as inhomogeneous broadening of the gain spectrum, the presence of the excited states on the quantum dot and the non-confined states due to the presence of wetting layer and the barrier. The contribution of quantum dot groups, which cannot follow by other models, is simulated. The results obtained from this model show the feedback oscillations, the periodic oscillations which evolves to chaos at higher injection current of higher feedback levels. The frequency fluctuation is attributed mainly to wetting layer with a considerable contribution from excited states. The simulation shows that is must be not using simple rate equation models to express quantum dots working at excited state transition.     

High-pressure pulsed molecular lasers

A review of recent developments in high-pressure pulsed molecular lasers is presented. Included are some experimental results on TEA lasers, E-beam lasers, and lasers using Blumlein excitation. Discussions of the kinetic modeling, the parametric behavior, and the characteristics of uniform discharges in the high-pressure pulsed CO2laser are given. Recent results on pulse-initiated chemical lasers, extremely high-pressure lasers, and high-repetition-rate TEA lasers are also discussed. Efforts to control and use the output from these devices are described, and an extensive list of references is given.     

High-power pulsed xenon ion lasers

Output and threshold characteristics of small-bore pulsed xenon ion lasers are presented in detail as a function of current and gas pressure for ranges of these parameters that are consistent with high optical power output in the green-blue spectral region. It has been found that six wavelengths characteristic of xenon exhibit peak output powers greater than 100 watts, from a 5-foot laser tube over a limited (8-24 mtorr) range of xenon tube pressure. Laser action has also been obtained at high peak powers for longer current pulse (5-50 mus) operation of the tube. In addition, observation of three new laser wavelengths 5340, 5501, and 5590 Å is reported. These lines are only observed at very low tube pressures and very high peak currents.     

Repetitively pulsed Nd-glass slab lasers

The possibility of obtaining high laser output energies at a 1.32-μm wavelength using thin LiNdLa phosphate glass slabs with a high Nd³⁺ concentration is discussed. In the experiments, 3×14×125-mm slabs were prepared from LiNdLa phosphate glass with a Nd-concentration of 1.2×10²¹ cm^-3. The facets of the slabs were not antireflection-coated. They were tested in a silver-coated quartz tube reflector of 25-mm diameter and pumped by 450-μs pulses from a flash lamp with a 120-mm arc length. In this construction the light, which passes through the slab, returns to it after reflection from the tube surface. Most of the radiation falls on the wider side of the slab at large angles of incidence, thus maximizing its path inside the slab. The quartz reflector was water cooled. The 150-mm laser resonator was formed by two flat mirrors. At 1.32-μm lasing wavelength an output mirror of r=95% reflectivity was used with less than 10% reflectivity at 1.32 μm     

脉冲激光烧蚀铝合金靶的实验研究与数值模拟

通过实验测量与数值模拟的紧密结合,研究了毫秒级脉冲激光对铝合金板的烧蚀效应。实验研究方面,测量了1053 nm固体脉冲激光辐照下,铝合金单板的烧蚀过程及温升规律。数值模拟方面,采用完全喷射烧蚀模型,建立了金属靶温度变化及烧蚀的数值模型。数值模拟结果与实验结果相符较好,表明所建立的二维轴对称烧蚀模型可以近似描述实验中的烧蚀效应。本文建立的数值模型亦可推广至三维情形。     

脉冲氧碘化学激光模型

采用闪光灯光解RI得到碘原子,再与电子激发态氧O_2(~⊿)传能产生脉冲碘激光的模型。此模型包括35个化学动力学过程。采用Runge-Kutta-Gill积分法求解,得到的结果表明脉冲氧碘化学激光器具有高的效率,提高激光器性能的关键在提高O_2(~1⊿)的分压。     

Resonator interferometry of pulsed submillimeter-wave lasers

In this paper laser resonator interferometry for submillimeter-wave lasers is discussed. In particular, the application of laser resonator interferometry to the study of various aspects of laser emission is shown. The basis of this interferometry is an understanding of the resonator mode structure, which is derived from a theory of resonators with low Fresnel numbers and dielectric enclosure. The mode structure is confirmed by experimental results. Interferometric studies reveal a relationship between the mode structure and the shape of the laser output pulses. This allows for some conclusions with respect to the molecular mechanism that is responsible for laser emission. This mechanism is not yet understood for the long wavelength emissions of ICN (+H2?), up to 0.774 mm.