Nonuniform Layer Model of a Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifter (Comments)

In the above paper, Butler et al. have investigated theoretically the propagation characteristics of the dielectric waveguide with plasma layer created by an exponentially absorbed optical beam. They have solved numerically the complex wave equation by using a multipoint boundary-value differential equation solver. On the other hand, we have already treated the same nonuniform layer model by using a multilayer staircase method [2]. In this approach, the actual permittivity profile of the waveguide is approximated by the finite number of steps. The wave equation is solved for each step and the complex propagation constant is determined so as to satisfy the boundary conditions at all interfaces. The mathematical formulation is very simple and an accurate solution can be obtained by increasing the number of steps M. The details of the method can be found in [3] and [4].     

Analysis of a Buried Layer Millimeter-Wave Phase Shifter (Short Paper)

The results of an analysis of an optically controlled millimeter-wave phase shifter are presented. The phase shift is obtained when electron-hole pairs are created in a thin region in the interior of a semiconductor waveguide. The device exhibits maximum phase shifts for the transverse electric mode. This behavior is different from phase shifters using surface excitation, which give maximum phase shifts for the transverse magnetic mode. The new configuration gives higher phase shifts per decibel attenuation than devices employing surface excitation.     

Millimeter-Wave Reflective-Type Phase Shifter in CMOS Technology

The design and measurement of a compact, wide-band reflective-type phase shifter in 90 nm CMOS technology in V-band frequency is presented. This phase shifter has a fractional bandwidth of 26% and an average insertion loss of 6 dB over all phase states. The chip area is only 0.08 mm $^{2}$. Measurement results show that the developed phase shifter provides 90$^{circ}$ continuous phase shift over the frequency range of 50–65 GHz. The measured return loss is greater than 12 dB at 50 GHz. The output power is linear up to at least 4 dBm input power.      

Electronic Phase Shifter for Millimeter-Wave Semiconductor Dielectric Integrated Circuits

A new system is proposed for millimeter-wave integrated circuits. It is suggested that high-resistivity silicon be used as a medium for a dielectric waveguide. With the advent of high-resistivity silicon, propagation can occur with relatively low Ioss. Furthermore, since the medium is a semiconductor compatible with active devices, it is proposed that active devices can be constructed directly in the semiconductor dielectric guide or appendaged directly on the surface. The basic approach is similar to that used in integrated optics, except that the medium for millimeter-wave guidance is a semiconductor and the control devices rely on conductivity modulation rather than on electrooptical effects. Some particular devices suggested are oscillator, mechanical and electronic phase shifters, amplitude modulators (switches), and detectors. The first of such devices investigated has been the electronic phase shtiter. Related theory and experiments are reported here. In addition, preliminary results on oscillators imbedded in a dielectric resonator are presented.     

Analysis of a Differential Phase Shifter

This paper presents the theory and analysis of a ganged pair of "line stretcher" microwave phase shifters. The error analysis shows that some of the errors inherent in a single phase shifter of this type can be reduced through the use of a differential system; however, the magnitudes of other errors may more than offset the reduction. Graphical data are included to facilitate the rapid determination of the limit of error for any specified angle measurement.     

Phase Shifter Merging

Phase shifters are used in conjunction with Linear Feedback Shift Registers and Cellular Automata in order to impose sufficient channel separations on the bit sequences produced by their successive cells. The aim is to reduce structural correlations and/or linear dependencies that are problematic for pseudorandom and pseudoexhaustive built-in test pattern generation (TPG). In this paper we present a synthesis approach that merges the logic of the original TPG mechanism with that of the required phase shifter network and yields a new compact structure that can offer lower area overhead and improved frequency of operation than the existing approach.Dimitri Kagaris received the Diploma degree in Computer Engineering and Informatics from the University of Patras, Greece, in 1988, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Computer Science from Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, in 1991 and 1994, respectively. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Electrical & Computer Engineering Department, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. His research interests include digital design automation, test pattern generation and design for testability, and computer networks.     

一种铁氧体移相驱动器的研制

介绍了一种铁氧体移相驱动器，对其工作原理、线路设计、版图设计及可靠性设计进行了简要描述。该铁氧体移相驱动器具有功能齐全、速度快、功耗低、输出电流大、输出高电平一致性好等特点。其内部电路设计有：双路功率驱动器（用以驱动整个铁氧体移相器）、双路比较器、锁存器和置位脉冲展宽器（检测铁氧体移相器的工作状况），以及过频保护电路。该电路可广泛应用于数字通讯和相控阵雷达天线系统。     

数字式矢量移相器

简要介绍了矢量移相器的原理、特点、基本结构，提出了一种新型的采用数学方式控制的矢量移相器。     

宽频带微波移相器的优化设计

在探讨模拟360°移相器线性调相的基础上,对微波移相器的宽频带设计进行了详尽的理论分析,建立了优化设计模型,给出了优化设计的一系列图表及曲线.设计的宽频带360°线性移相器在实验上取得了较好的效果,理论与实践符合得较好.     

KA波段模拟移相器的仿真设计

利用ADS2009仿真并设计了一种KA波段模拟移相器,其工作频段为19.6~21.2 GHz,工作带宽为1.6 GHz。在设计中采用skyworks公司的SMV2019变容二极管,以砷化镓陶瓷基片作为基板,金属金作为微带线的导体材料,并在设计中采用馈电分支线耦合器电桥模式,最终设计出一款最大移相能力为105.226°的连续可调的压控模拟移相器。     

Partially Dielectric-Slab-Filled Waveguide Phase Shifter

An equivalent circuit of a waveguide junction between two asymmetrically filled waveguides is obtained. This equivalent circuit is applied to the design of single-section impedance-matching transformers for a dielectric-slab-filled waveguide phase shifter. Calculation and measurement indicated that when a thin alumina slab is employed, a 360/spl deg/ phase shift can be accomplished in a section approximately 1.1 times the unloaded waveguide wavelength at 2.7 GHz, and that the VSWR between 2.7 and 3.0 GHz is kept to less than 1.15.     

一种移相器快速化测试系统的设计

随着相控阵雷达技术的迅猛发展,在大型天馈线系统中铁氧体移相器得以大规模应用,相应地,提高铁氧体移相器测试生产效率以满足日益增长的需求已成为许多移相器生产厂家的努力方向。文中针对某一锁式铁氧体移相器组件,设计了一种快速化测试系统,通过与之前未使用测试系统对比,满足移相器的测试要求。该测试系统大大提升了移相器测试效率,同时,该测试系统设计思路同样可应用于其他种类铁氧体器件测试,从而提高了铁氧体器件批产能力。     

相移干涉计量中高精度相移器的研究

相移器是相移干涉计量中的关键技术,对测量精度有很大的影响,关系到相移技术的成败。介绍了一种闭环控制的高精度相移器,输出电压精度为０．１％,相移器重复误差小于３°,用该相移器的电子散斑干涉计量系统测量精度可达λ／１００。     

Planar Meanderline Ferrite-Dielectric Phase Shifter

This paper presents the design of meanderline circuits with multilayer ferrite-dielectric embedding. New expressions are developed for the even- and the odd-mode admittances for an infinite meanderline in such a structure. It is shown that the effective dielectric constants and the effective relative permeabilities for some of the multilayer structures are simply related. An efficient synthesis routine for the design of meanderline circuits is described. Effect of different parameters on the phase shift has been studied experimentally. It is indicated that the present structure can result in a compact phase shifter with an improved figure of merit, peak power-handling capability, and temperature stability.     

An X-Band Ferroelectric Phase Shifter

An X-band electrically-tunable ferroelectric phase shifter has been constructed. The phase shifter is reciprocal and consists of a thin ferroelectric slab completely filling the transverse plane of a rectangular waveguide with suitable dielectric matching sections placed symmetrically about the slab forming a band-pass filter. Phase shift is controlled by applying a dc electric field to the ferroelectric. The measured characteristics of this device indicate that incremental phase shifts of 40/spl deg/ to 50/spl deg/ are attainable over a bandwidth of 400 Mc centered about 9.3 kMc with insertion losses ranging from 2 to 6 db. Since the phase shifter does not require a magnetic field for operation, the device can be biased with inexpensive, light-weight equipment requiring negligible dc control power, and the response time can be expected to be fast.     

高功率双工旋转场移相器

旋转场移相器具有移相精度高(均方根误差可小于1°)和温度稳定性好等特点,通过改进射频传输结构,可大大提高他的功率容量。利用旋转场移相器的互易特性和铁氧体圆极化器的非互易特性,设计出高功率双工旋转场移相器。其双工特性可将收/发信号分开,实现移相器和环行器的双重功能,用于天线的收发通道等场合时,可省去一个高功率环行器,结构紧凑。分析了双工旋转场移相器的工作原理,阐述了高功率应用下的设计方法,推导出了管状铁氧体的相移量计算公式,按此方法设计了实用的器件,并给出了试验数据。     

Theory and Operation of a Reciprocal Faraday-Rotation Phase Shifter

The operation of a longitudinally magnetized fully filled square-waveguide reciprocal-ferrite phase shifter is described. The frequency characteristics of the phase shifter are predicted and measured. An error analysis, including rotational errors incurred in wide-band operation and manufacturing tolerances, is used to predict the loss performance of the device. The effect of the ferrite parameters and the waveguide geometry on phase-shifter performance may be calculated using this analysis. The variation of the phase shift with temperature as well as high-power effects are presented, and design considerations, including choice of ferrite saturation magnetization for wide-band performance, are discussed. Experimental results closely confirm the key aspects of this theory.     

一种新型铁电体移相器

介绍了一种用于相控阵雷达的新型铁电体移相器,利用有限元方法对铁电体材料加载波导移相器进行了分析,给出了计算结果。最后讨论了铁电体移相器设计中几个值得关注的重要问题。     

Double Dielectric-Slab-Filled Waveguide Phase Shifter

A field theory method based on the orthogonal expansion into eigenmodes is presented for the design of double dielectric-slab-filled waveguide phase shifters with linearly tapered sections. Prototypes of 90° differential phase shift with reference to a corresponding empty waveguide of the same length achieved typically about +-4° phase error and less than -30-dB input reflection within +-5-percent bandwidth, for WR 102-band (7-11 GHz) through WR 28-band (26.5-40 GHz) waveguides. Design curves for differential phase shifts of 12.25°, 22.5°, 45°, 90°, 180°, and 270° are given. Utilizing the differential phase compensation effect of the dispersive behavior of the dielectric-filled and empty reference waveguides, the phase error is only +-1° within +-8.5-percent bandwidth. Further investigations include composite phase shifters, mechanical lateral displacement, and tolerance influences. An experimental 90° phase shifter for 14-GHz midband frequency shows good agreement between theory and measurements.     

数控单片移相器的CAD

数控单片移相器的设计技术具有较大的特殊性与复杂性,必须依靠计算机辅助设计提高设计的准确性.对数控单片移相器的计算机辅助设计问题进行了论述,着重讨论了电路设计效率的提高及电磁场验证等问题,为数控单片移相器的研制提供了实用的解决方案.应用这一研究成果,成功开发出高性能X波段单片五位数字移相器.