Association of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate exposure with chronic kidney disease and osteoporotic fracture in US veterans with HIV

Abstract

Background

Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF)-based regimens have been associated with impaired kidney function and loss of bone mineral density among patients living with HIV (PLWH). We assess the association between TDF exposure and the odds of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoporotic fracture in HIV patients.     

Initial dosage optimization of tacrolimus in Chinese pediatric patients undergoing kidney transplantation based on population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics

ABSTRACT

Background

The purpose of our research was to recommend the initial tacrolimus dosage for Chinese pediatric patients undergoing kidney transplantation based on population pharmacokinetics and pharmacogenetics.     

Pharmacotherapy of hypertension in patients with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Hypertension is the most common co-morbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), with prevalence gradually increasing across CKD Stages to the extent that about 90% of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients are hypertensives. Several factors contribute to blood pressure (BP) elevation and guide the therapeutic interventions that should be employed in these patients.     

Blood pressure targets and pharmacotherapy for hypertensive patients on hemodialysis

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Hypertension is highly prevalent in patients with end-stage kidney disease on hemodialysis and is often not well controlled. Blood pressure (BP) levels before and after hemodialysis have a U-shaped relationship with cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. Although antihypertensive drugs are recommended for patients in whom BP cannot be controlled appropriately by non-pharmacological interventions, large-scale randomized controlled clinical trials are lacking.     

Patiromer for the treatment of hyperkalemia

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Hyperkalemia is a chronic and life-threatening electrolyte disorder that affects millions of patients around the world with decreased kidney function, hypertension, and heart failure. Recently newer oral potassium-binding agents have been approved for clinical use, as an alternative to the decades long use of sodium polystyrene sulfonate. This review will focus on the patiromer and its use in reducing hyperkalemia.     

Dose discordance of direct acting oral anticoagulants using different equations for estimating GFR: a literature review

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are widely prescribed nowadays. Available DOACs are renally eliminated to some extent and need dose adjustment in patients with kidney dysfunction. Cockcroft-Gault (CG) formula has been used to estimate creatinine clearance in DOACs trials. Nowadays, Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) are preferred equations for estimating glomerular filtration rate (GFR). We reviewed studies that simulated DOACs dosing in patients with atrial fibrillation by MDRD, CKD-EPI, and CG.     

An evaluation of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate as a treatment option for hyperkalemia

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Hyperkalemia, defined as serum potassium level > 5.0 mEq/l, is associated with serious cardiac dysrhythmias, sudden death and increased mortality risk. It is common in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes (DM) and heart failure (HF), particularly in those treated with the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors or potassium-sparing diuretics. Although these drugs have documented renal and cardiac protective benefits, frequent hyperkalemia associated with their use often dictates administration of suboptimal doses or their discontinuation altogether. Treatment for chronic hyperkalemia in these settings has been challenging; however, the recent introduction of two new potassium-binding resins has revolutionized our approach to treating hyperkalemia.     

Healthcare resource utilization and costs associated with postpartum depression among commercially insured households

Abstract

Objective

To quantify the economic burden of postpartum depression (PPD) that accrues to commercially insured households in the year following childbirth.     

Ozone treatment for high-dose systemic Steroid-Induced retinal injury

Abstract

Objective

To investigate the effect of high-dose systemic steroids on retinal tissues and the effectiveness of ozone (O₃) therapy.     

Postmenopausal hormone therapy in BRCA gene mutation carriers: to whom and which?

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Risk-reducing-salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) inevitably leads BRCA mutation carriers to premature menopause.     

Assessment of macular choroidal thickness,central macular thickness and retinal nerve fiber layer in patients receiving oral isotretinoin treatment

Abstract

Purpose

To investigate the impact of oral isotretinoin therapy in choroidal thickness, central macular thickness (CMT), and retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness using optical coherence tomography (OCT).     

Level of glycemic control among US type 2 diabetes mellitus patients on dual therapy of metformin and sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor: a retrospective database study

Abstract

Objective

To assess the level of glycemic control among type 2 diabetes patients on sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and metformin dual therapy.     

A drug safety evaluation of atezolizumab in locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have rapidly changed the treatment landscape, demonstrating dramatic clinical efficacy in various cancers.     

The pharmacological management of constipation in patients with Parkinson’s disease: a much-needed relief

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Constipation is common in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Due to the considerable negative outcomes of constipation, significant efforts have been made to prevent and manage chronic constipation in these patients.     

Minor bleeding in patients with atrial fibrillation using a non-vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulant

Abstract

Aims

We sought to investigate the magnitude of minor bleeding and identify risk factors for minor bleeds during non-vitamin-K antagonist oral anticoagulant (NOAC) therapy.     

An overview of lefamulin for the treatment of community acquired bacterial pneumonia

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Lefamulin is a novel antibiotic that belongs to the pleuromutilin class with excellent activity against all microorganisms, including atypical pathogens, that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).     

Pharmacologic management of Mycobacterium ulcerans infection

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Pharmacological treatment of Buruli ulcer (Mycobacterium ulcerans infection; BU) is highly effective, as shown in two randomized trials in Africa.     

An evaluation of the efficacy and safety of erdafitinib for the treatment of bladder cancer

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Treatment of unresectable or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (UC) has historically relied upon platinum-based chemotherapy and, more recently, immune checkpoint inhibitors. When tumors progress despite those therapies, remaining effective options are limited.     

Efficacy and tolerability of orally administered tramadol/dexketoprofen fixed-dose combination compared to diclofenac/thiocolchicoside in acute low back pain: experience from an Italian,single-centre,observational study

Abstract

Objectives

To compare the analgesic efficacy and tolerability of tramadol/dexketoprofen 75/25?mg (TRAM/DKP) versus diclofenac/thiocolchicoside 75/4?mg (DIC/THIO) in patients with moderate-to-severe acute low back pain (LBP).     

Advances in the pharmacotherapeutic management of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

ABSTRACT

Introduction

Esophageal squamous cancer remains an important cause of mortality worldwide with two new immunotherapy drugs recently approved for metastatic disease.