低熔钛体瓷研制及其性能研究

采用硼硅酸盐玻璃体系制备低熔钛专用体瓷,研究了体瓷组成与热膨胀系数的关系,并采用XRD和细胞毒性实验分别研究了钛体瓷的晶相组成和生物相容性。结果表明:钛体瓷为不含晶体的均质玻璃体,其热膨胀系数随SiO2含量的增加而减小;所研制的钛体瓷细胞毒性为0级,生物相容性良好,可望进一步应用于临床修复。     

钛专用遮色瓷研制及其性能研究

采用二氧化锡系微晶玻璃制备低熔钛专用遮色瓷,研究了遮色瓷组成与热膨胀系数的关系,通过对比烧结温度、力学性能与热膨胀系数等性能,最终确定遮色瓷配方和烧结工艺;采用XRD、SEM、细胞毒性和溶血实验分别研究了钛遮色瓷的晶相组成、显微形貌和生物相容性。结果表明所研制的遮色瓷为含有锡石晶体相的微晶玻璃;其最佳烧结温度为780℃;在25～350℃,其平均线热膨胀系数为8.9×10-6/℃;所研制的钛遮色瓷细胞毒性为0级,不引起溶血反应,具有良好的生物相容性。     

钛表面的氧化对钛瓷结合强度的影响

研究了钛表面氧化对钛/瓷结合强度的影响, 并采用溶胶凝胶技术在钛表面制备SnO_x中间层, 研究SnO_x层对钛/瓷结合强度的影响. 结果表明：空气炉中800℃氧化3min后, 钛/瓷结合强度明显下降; 烤瓷炉中预氧化3min, 钛/瓷结合强度无明显变化. 热处理使钛表面生成一层金红石型氧化层, 钛/瓷剥脱主要发生在金红石氧化层与钛之间. 采用溶胶-凝胶法经300℃处理后在钛表面制得的SnO_x涂层, 可有效隔绝氧向Ti表面的扩散, 防止钛表面的过度氧化, 提高了钛/瓷结合强度. 经SnO_x涂层处理后, 钛/瓷剥脱主要发生在SnO_x涂层内.     

正畸托槽用CaO—MgO—Al2O3—SiO2系95氧化铝瓷的研究

本文研究了ＣａＯ－ＭｇＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２系的９５氧化铝瓷作为正畸托槽用候选材料的相关性能。在实验中,测定了化学稳定性、抗弯强度和烧成温度之间的关系,得到最佳的烧成温度在１６６０℃。在该温度下烧成２ｈ制备的试样作为正畸托槽的候选材料无论是在化学稳定性方面还是在力学性能方面都是切实可行的。     

新型钛基二氧化铅阳极的研制及其性能的研究

报道了钛为加强基,二氧化铅本身作为载电体的新型不溶性阳极。探讨了制取此电极的工艺条件,获得了最佳的工艺参数。测定极化曲线和强化电解表明此阳极具有制备成本低、电极电阻小、寿命长,且能制成大面积的优点。     

纯钛经电化学表面改性后的抗菌活性与生物相容性研究

在含不同电解质的电解液中利用电化学方法对纯钛进行表面改性,并将改性后的纯钛试样进行抗菌性和生物相容性实验.结果表明,纯钛在含氯化物的电解液中经表面改性后具有良好的抗茵活性和生物相容性,而在非氯化物的电解液中经表面改性后其抗茵活性和生物相容性则较差.     

钛氧膜生物相容性与生物活性的研究与应用

对钛氧膜的生物相容性和生物活性的研究及应用进行了评述.重点讨论了钛氧膜的制备方法、钛氧膜的活化处理方式以及钛氧膜在心血管材料和骨替代材料中的应用前景.     

钛基生物复合材料的研究进展

钛及钛合金由于具有优秀的抗腐蚀性、生物相容性、低密度和高的比强度等特性,而被应用于生物医学方面。然而,与人骨相比,钛合金的弹性模量较高,可达100～110GPa,而人骨的弹性模量只有10～30 GPa。虽然与其它金属材料相比具有与骨较为接近的弹性模量,但仍远远高于骨的弹性模量,这就容易造成钛与人体骨界面上力学性能的不匹配,如直接植入则会带来“应力屏蔽“效应,因此对钛及钛合金进行处理来降低弹性模量和提高活性成为当前研究的热点。目前主要通过两种途径来改善纯钛及其合金的生物活性和生物相容性问题,一种就是通过各种不同工艺在纯钛及其合金表面涂覆羟基磷灰石及生物玻璃涂层,另一种是将生物活性材料HA作为一种活性相混入纯钛及其合金中,形成一种微观复合材料。本文重点介绍了近年来钛基生物复合材料的研究进展。     

三维钛网表面双生物陶瓷涂层的制备及其性能

采用浸渍涂敷-烧结法首次在医用三维钛网表面制备出双生物陶瓷涂层,利用X射线衍射、场发射扫描电子显微镜对HA-BG/BG/Ti复合材料进行了微观表征,拉伸法测量了Ti基体与BG涂层的结合强度,模拟人体体液(SBF)评价复合材料的生物相容性.研究表明:该双生物陶瓷涂层的内层为生物玻璃(BG)涂层,外层为多孔结构的羟基磷灰石-生物玻璃(HA-BG)复合涂层.Ti基体被致密的BG涂层包覆,由于在BG/Ti界面发生化学反应,界面的结合强度提高,平均结合强度达27 MPa.生物相容性实验表明,HA-BG/BG/Ti复合材料表面会被一层整齐、致密的HA覆盖,具有良好的生物相容性.     

钛表面涂覆类金刚石碳膜的生物相容性研究

将涂覆金刚石碳（ＤＬＣ）膜的金属钛植入狗的下颌骨，用Ｘ射线，光镜，透射电镜（ＴＥＭ）和扫描电镜（ＳＥＭ）等手段观测新骨细胞形貌，数量，琥珀酸脱氢酶（ＳＤＨ）的活性以及种植体表面的骨结合情况。结果表明，用直流辉光放电法制备的ＤＬＣ涂膜明显改善钛植入体的生物相容性。     

Synthesis and characterization of zirconium titanium phosphate and its application in separation of metal ions

An advanced inorganic ion exchanger, zirconium titanium phosphate (ZTP) of the class of tetravalent bimetallic acid (TBMA) salt has been synthesized by sol–gel route. ZTP has been characterized for ICP-AES, TGA, FTIR and XRD. Chemical stability of the material in various media-acids, bases and organic solvents has been assessed. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) and effect of calcination (100–500 °C) on CEC has also been studied. Distribution behaviour of metal ions Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Cu²⁺, Zn²⁺ (d-block), Cd²⁺, Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Bi³⁺ (heavy) and La³⁺, Ce³⁺, Th⁴⁺, UO₂²⁺ (f-block) towards ZTP has been studied and distribution coefficient (K_d) determined in aqueous as well as various electrolyte media/concentrations. Based on the differential selectivity, breakthrough capacity (BTC) and elution behaviour of various metal ions towards ZTP, a few binary and ternary metal ion separations have been carried out.     

Preparation and characterization of a titanium bonding porcelain

The titanium bonding porcelain was synthesized through normal melting-derived route using borate–silicate system. The porcelain was characterized by thermal expansion, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope and cytotoxicity tests. The results of X-ray diffraction showed that the main phase of the bonding porcelain was SnO₂. The SnO₂ microcrystals precipitated from the glass matrix when the SnO₂ content was increased. The thermal expansion coefficient of bonding porcelains decreased with the increasing concentration of SiO₂. The thermal expansion coefficient of bonding porcelains first decreased slightly with the increasing of B₂O₃ concentration (from 0 wt% to 10 wt%) and then increased to about 9.4 × 10^? 6/°C(from 10 wt% to 12 wt%). As an intermediate, B₂O₃ can act as both network formers and modifiers, depending on the relationship between the concentration of basic oxides and intermediates. The Vickers hardness of bonding porcelains increased with the increase of SnO₂ concentration. When SnO₂ concentration was 6 wt%, only Si and Sn elements attended the reaction between titanium and porcelain and mainly adhesive fracture was found at Ti-porcelain interface. When SnO₂ concentration was 12 wt%, failure of the titanium–porcelain predominantly occurred in the bonding porcelain and mainly cohesive fracture was found at Ti-porcelain interface. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of the titanium porcelain was ranked as 0.     

Photothermal therapy by using titanium oxide nanoparticles

The photothermal therapy (PTT) technique is regarded as a promising method for cancer treatment. However, one of the obstacles preventing its clinical application is the non-degradability and biotoxicity of the existing heavy-metal and carbon-based therapeutic agents. Therefore, a PTT material with a high photothermal efficiency, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility is urgently wanted. Herein, we report a titanium oxide-based therapeutic agent with a high efficacy and low toxicity for the PTT process. We demonstrated that Magnéli-phase Ti₈O₁₅ nanoparticles fabricated by the arc-melting method exhibit >98% absorption of near infrared light and a superior photothermal therapy effect in the in vivo mouse model. The Ti₈O₁₅ nanoparticle PTT material also shows a good biocompatibility and biosafety. Our study reveals Magnéli-phase titanium oxide as a new family of PTT agents and introduces new applications of titanium oxides for photothermal conversion.

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泡沫复制法制备多孔钛及表面水热碱处理改性

采用聚氨酯泡沫复制法成功的制备出孔径可控、孔隙率高且三维贯通的多孔钛.采用水热碱处理法对多孔钛进行表面改性,以提高其生物活性.改性后多孔钛的表面形貌发生了改变,呈均匀分布的三维网状微纳米结构.将改性后的多孔钛浸泡在SCPS中检测其矿化能力.研究结果表明,改性后的多孔钛能加速磷灰石的矿化,其中三维网状微纳米结构是加速矿化的主要因素.同时考察了改性后的多孔钛表面大鼠颅盖骨成骨细胞(MC3T3-E1)的黏附铺展情况.细胞培养表明细胞在改性后的多孔钛表面能较好的黏附铺展.上述研究结果表明水热碱处理改性后的多孔钛具有较好的生物活性及生物相容性.     

医用钛合金的发展及研究现状

纯钛及其合金以其与骨相近似性的弹性模量、良好的生物相容性及在生物环境下优良的抗腐蚀性等在临床上得到了越来越广泛的应用；综述了医用钛合金的发展和研究现状，阐述了钛的生物相容性原理，同时简单评述了钛及其合金表面改性与钛基复合材料的研究现状，分析表明：纯钛及其合金具有出色的生物相容性主要归功于表面附着的氧化层；β型钛合金与α/α β型钛合金相比，具有较高的耐磨性，是一种很有前途的外科植入用钛合金；寻求更为理想的表面改性工艺从而获得高质量的涂层，或将生物活性相添加进钛合金基体中制备成复合材料是提高医用钛合金生物活性的两种有效途径。     

有机/纳米二氧化钛杂化材料的合成与表征

采用溶胶 -凝胶聚合法 ,制备了稳定的纳米二氧化钛 /有机聚合物改性的杂化材料。研究了不同的反应方法对该杂化材料的粒子形状、溶液稳定性和光折射率的影响。红外光谱和透射电镜分析表明 :该材料是由内部的Si -O -Ti键和表面有机聚合物组成的 ,并且有纳米尺寸的结构。该杂化材料在甲苯 /丁醇组成的混合溶剂中具有良好的稳定性     

介孔TiO2的合成及表征

以氯化十六烷基吡啶(C16PyCl)为模板剂,在不同条件下合成了一系列介孔TiO2(m-TiO2),分别用红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和BET比表面测定等技术对介孔TiO2的结构、晶相和比表面积进行了表征,探讨了模板剂、溶剂、溶液PH、老化温度和C16PyCl／TTIP摩尔比的影响。结果表明,在本实验条件下,最佳合成条件是C16PyCl为模板剂,溶剂为C2H5OH,PH=7～8,老化温度20℃,C16PyCl／TTIP摩尔比为2。     

Antibacterial hydroxyapatite coatings on titanium dental implants

Titanium and its alloys are often used as substrates for dental implants due to their excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. However, their ability to bind to neighboring bone is limited due to the lack of biological activity. At the same time, they show poor antibacterial ability which can easily cause bacterial infection and chronic inflammation, eventually resulting in implant failure. The preparation of composite hydroxyapatite coatings with antibacterial ability can effectively figure out these concerns. In this review, the research status and development trends of antibacterial hydroxyapatite coatings constructed on titanium and its alloys are analyzed and reviewed. This review may provide valuable reference for the preparation and application of high-performance and multi-functional dental implant coatings in the future.     

Synthesis and characterization of nanosheet-shaped titanium dioxide

Nanosheet-shaped TiO₂ material with a large surface area was synthesized by the reaction of anatase TiO₂ with 10 M NaOH aqueous solution at 100 °C for 12–48 h and followed by washing with dilute HCl. Numerous nanosheets were aggregated together and formed a dahlia flower. TEM images show that these nanosheets have a rolled edge, suggesting that this material might be an intermediate product in the formation of tubular structural materials. The results of XRD measurement and Laser Raman analysis indicate that the structure of nanosheets is a layered compound, H₂Ti₃O₇.