糖尿病大鼠深二度烫伤创面血管化现象

目的 建立糖尿病大鼠深二度烫伤模型,研究创面愈合过程中血管化现象及其与创面愈合的关系.方法 60只清洁级SD大鼠,随即分为正常组(对照组,n=30)和以链脲霉素(STZ)诱导的速发型糖尿病组(糖尿病组,n=30).制备占总体表面积(TBSA)20%的深二度烫伤模型,分别取伤后1、3、7、10、14、21 d创面皮肤组织样本,行组织学观察并计算创面愈合率;荧光显微镜下观察创面组织的血管化;免疫组化法检测创面组织中CD31抗原表达,以了解微血管内皮细胞的改变.结果 伤后14 d,糖尿病组大鼠创面愈合较对照组显著延迟,为(31.5±1.0)% vs(59.4±4.2)%(P＜0.01).伤后1、3、7、14、21 d,糖尿病组新生血管化荧光密度值分别为1±0.1、7±0.8、12±1.4、15±2.1和17±1.8,对照组分别为8.5±0.5、35±1.5、60±3.0、72±3.4和72±3.4.各时间点糖尿病组创面血管化均较对照组显著降低(P＜0.01).各时间点两组创面组织中CD31抗原表达无显著差异(P＞0.05),但糖尿病组大鼠仅少量血管内皮细胞周边有代表血管化的蓝色荧光微球.结论 糖尿病深二度烫伤难愈创面存在血供不良特征,表现为血管内皮细胞增殖活跃与血管化低下的分离现象,其本质是新生血管形成障碍.     

外源性P物质对糖尿病大鼠烫伤创面组织愈合及新生血管化的影响

目的 研究外源性P物质(SP)对烫伤创面组织愈合及新生血管化的影响.方法 84只Wistar大鼠经腹腔一次性注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)诱导建立糖尿病大鼠模型后,于背部制备直径2 cm的深Ⅱ度烫伤创面.根据创面不同处理方式将大鼠随机分为实验组(局部注射SP)和对照组(局部注射与实验组等量的磷酸缓冲液),每组42只.分别于创面形成后当日和第1、3、7、10、14、21 天,观察创面并计算创面愈合率;免疫组织化学染色观察创面组织中新生血管内皮细胞表面标志物CD31表达,计算微血管密度.结果 创面形成后第7天,实验组创面愈合率明显高于对照组,为(42.69±3.26)% vs(30.24±1.17)%(P<0.01).免疫组织化学检测发现,自创面形成后第7天起,实验组创面组织中CD31表达及微血管密度均明显高于对照组(P<0.01).结论 外源性SP具有促进糖尿病烫伤创面愈合作用,其机制可能与上调创面组织中CD31表达,使新生血管再生加速有关.     

高糖环境对浅二度烫伤创面VEGF表达及创面血管化的影响

目的建立糖尿病大鼠浅二度烫伤模型和不同浓度的高葡萄糖体外培养体系,研究高糖环境对促血管化生长因子的表达及创面血管化的影响。方法①90只清洁级SD大鼠分为对照组和STZ诱导的速发型糖尿病组,两组同时形成10%体表总面积(TBSA)的浅二度烫伤模型,分别取烫伤后第1、3、7、10、14天创面皮肤组织样本,测定糖含量、FGF-2、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达,检测微血管密度。②人脐带静脉内皮细胞分别在正常环境及30、50mmol/L葡萄糖中培养7d,ELISA法检测内皮细胞释放VEGF水平。结果糖尿病组大鼠烫伤创面组织局部糖含量及VEGF表达均明显高于对照组,而其微血管密度显著低于对照组;体外培养的血管内皮细胞,高糖组释放VEGF水平显著低于正常环境组。结论在糖尿病浅二度烫伤创面愈合过程中,存在促血管化生长因子高表达与血管内皮细胞低反应性的分离现象。     

高糖环境对浅二度烫伤创面VEGF表达及创面血管化的影响

目的 建立糖尿病大鼠浅二度烫伤模型和不同浓度的高葡萄糖体外培养体系,研究高糖环境对促血管化生长因子的表达及创面血管化的影响.方法 ①90只清洁级SD大鼠分为对照组和STZ诱导的速发型糖尿病组,两组同时形成10%体表总面积(TBSA)的浅二度烫伤模型,分别取烫伤后第1、3、7、10、14天创面皮肤组织样本,测定糖含量、FGF-2、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)表达,检测微血管密度.②人脐带静脉内皮细胞分别在正常环境及30、50 mmol/L葡萄糖中培养7 d, ELISA法检测内皮细胞释放VEGF水平.结果 糖尿病组大鼠烫伤创面组织局部糖含量及VEGF表达均明显高于对照组,而其微血管密度显著低于对照组;体外培养的血管内皮细胞,高糖组释放VEGF水平显著低于正常环境组.结论 在糖尿病浅二度烫伤创面愈合过程中,存在促血管化生长因子高表达与血管内皮细胞低反应性的分离现象.     

血管内皮生长因子在大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合过程中的动态表达

目的：观察大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合过程中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的动态表达,进一步探讨VEGF 对烫伤创面愈合的影响。方法将36只 Wistar 大鼠完全随机分为烫伤组（30只）及对照组（6只）,烫伤组制作深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,于伤后第1、3、7、14、21天各处死6只大鼠,取创面全层组织,通过 RT －qPCR 和 Western blot分别检测创面组织中 VEGF 的 mRNA 含量和蛋白表达水平。对照组不予烫伤,直接处死,取正常皮肤组织检测VEGF 的 mRNA 含量和蛋白表达水平。结果烫伤组大鼠创面组织中 VEGF 的 mRNA 含量及其蛋白表达水平于伤后显著增加,1 d 即达峰值,3 d 逐渐减少,14 d 为最低值,21 d 又再次增加;与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）。结论VEGF 参与调节烫伤创面的修复过程;VEGF 在烫伤创面愈合过程中的表达变化与创面血管形成过程密切相关。     

重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子对烫伤大鼠创面愈合及新生血管化的影响

目的:研究重组人粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子(recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor,rhGM-CSF)对烫伤创面组织愈合及新生血管化的影响。方法:72只SD大鼠于背部制备直径3 cm的深Ⅱ度烫伤创面。根据创面不同处理方式将大鼠随机分为实验组(创面局部应用rhGM-CSF凝胶剂)和对照组(创面局部应用不含rhGM-CSF的凝胶基质),每组36只。分别于创面形成后当日和第1、3、7、10、14、21天观察创面并计算创面愈合率;免疫组织化学染色观察创面组织中新生血管内皮细胞表面标志物CD31表达,计算微血管密度。结果:自创面形成后第7天起,实验组创面愈合率明显高于对照组(P0.01),实验组创面组织中CD31表达及微血管密度也均明显高于对照组(P0.01)。结论:外用rhGM-CSF具有促进烫伤创面愈合作用,其机制可能与上调创面组织中CD31表达、使新生血管再生加速有关。     

FGF2对糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的影响

目的 观察成纤维细胞生长因子-2(FGF2)在糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面组织中的表达,探讨外源性FGF2应用对创面愈合的影响.方法 18只SD大鼠随机分为单纯烫伤组(对照组)、糖尿病烫伤组(糖尿病组)和糖尿病烫伤FGF2干预组(FGF2组)(n=6).糖尿病组和FGF2组大鼠先经链脲佐菌素诱导建立糖尿病模型后再制备深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,FGF2组大鼠建模后给予创面局部皮内注射FGF2.烫伤后3、7、14 d记录创面未愈合面积并计算创面愈合率;组织学检查观察创面愈合情况;流式细胞仪检测创面细胞周期分布;免疫荧光双标记和双抗体夹心法检测创面组织FGF2表达.结果 烫伤后14 d,FGF2组的创面愈合率显著高于糖尿病组,为(53.14±11.44)% vs(25.40±3.00)%(P<0.01),FGF2组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义;与糖尿病组比较,FGF2组创面坏死胶原和G0/G1期细胞比例明显减少.与对照组比较,糖尿病组创面组织释放FGF2减少,为(74.500±13.115) ng/Ml vs (100.078±17.863)ng/Ml(P<0.05).糖尿病组创面组织中FGF2和晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)共表达.结论 糖尿病创面难愈与局部FGF2的数量和功能缺陷有关.创面局部应用外源性生长因子FGF2,可满足糖尿病创面修复细胞对功能性生长因子的需求,促进创面愈合.     

FGF2对糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的影响

目的 观察成纤维细胞生长因子-2(FGF2)在糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面组织中的表达,探讨外源性FGF2应用对创面愈合的影响.方法 18只SD大鼠随机分为单纯烫伤组(对照组)、糖尿病烫伤组(糖尿病组)和糖尿病烫伤FGF2干预组(FGF2组)(n=6).糖尿病组和FGF2组大鼠先经链脲佐菌素诱导建立糖尿病模型后再制备深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,FGF2组大鼠建模后给予创面局部皮内注射FGF2.烫伤后3、7、14 d记录创面未愈合面积并计算创面愈合率;组织学检查观察创面愈合情况;流式细胞仪检测创面细胞周期分布;免疫荧光双标记和双抗体夹心法检测创面组织FGF2表达.结果 烫伤后14 d,FGF2组的创面愈合率显著高于糖尿病组,为(53.14±11.44)% vs(25.40±3.00)%(P<0.01),FGF2组与对照组比较差异无统计学意义;与糖尿病组比较,FGF2组创面坏死胶原和G0/G1期细胞比例明显减少.与对照组比较,糖尿病组创面组织释放FGF2减少,为(74.500±13.115) ng/Ml vs (100.078±17.863)ng/Ml(P<0.05).糖尿病组创面组织中FGF2和晚期糖基化终末产物(AGEs)共表达.结论 糖尿病创面难愈与局部FGF2的数量和功能缺陷有关.创面局部应用外源性生长因子FGF2,可满足糖尿病创面修复细胞对功能性生长因子的需求,促进创面愈合.     

TGF-β1对糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面愈合的影响

目的观察转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)在糖尿病大鼠深Ⅱ度烫伤创面组织中的表达,探讨外源性TGF-β1应用对创面愈合的影响。方法 18只SD大鼠随机分为单纯烫伤组(对照组)、糖尿病烫伤组(糖尿病组)和糖尿病烫伤TGF-β1干预组(用药组),每组各6只。糖尿病组和用药组大鼠经链脲佐菌素诱导建立糖尿病模型,再制备深Ⅱ度烫伤模型,用药组大鼠建模成功后给予创面下局部皮内注射TGF-β1。烫伤后1、3、5、7、14、21 d记录创面未愈合面积并计算创面愈合率,组织学检查观察创面愈合情况,免疫组化检测创面组织TGF-β1表达。结果从烫伤后5 d起,对照组和用药组创面愈合率较糖尿病组升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),对照组与用药组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对照组创面局部TGF-β1含量较糖尿病组多,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病大鼠烫伤创面较正常大鼠烫伤创面愈合速度慢,与创面局部TGF-β1含量减少有关。创面局部应用TGF-β1有利于糖尿病大鼠烫伤创面愈合。     

烫伤大鼠创面组织中P物质含量的动态变化

目的　观测神经肽P物质 (SP)在不同深度烫伤大鼠创面中含量的动态变化。方法　采用大鼠烫伤模型 ,根据烫伤时间随机分为 4 ,8,12s烫伤组 (每组 2 4只 ) ,每组于伤后 2 4h ,3d ,7d ,14d各处死 6只大鼠 ,放射免疫法测定创面组织SP含量。结果　伤后 2 4h ,浅Ⅱ度、深Ⅱ度、Ⅲ度烫伤创面SP含量分别为 (14 5. 35 7± 78 .5 38) ,(94 . 6 72± 4 8. 6 74 ) ,(5 3 .6 73± 2 7. 6 5 8)mg ,两组之间差异有显著性。浅Ⅱ度创面伤后 3d、7dSP含量显著增高 ;深Ⅱ度创面SP含量伤后 7d及 14d显著增高 ;Ⅲ度创面SP含量伤后无显著性变化。结论　SP含量与烫伤创面愈合能力正相关。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.