路面激励下的车内低频噪声预测及分析

建立汽车车身结构及车内声腔的有限元模型,并分别对其进行模态分析,获取该车车身结构和车内声腔的模态特性;建立整车多体动力学模型,进行动力学仿真分析,获取路面激励下悬架与车身连接点处的激振力,作为车内耦合声场分析的振源。对车身结构-车内声腔的耦合系统进行车内声场分析,预测低频范围内的车内耦合声场分布和车内场点频率响应曲线。根据分析结果,分别对车内场点声压贡献较大的车身板件提出结构改进方案,从而实现了车内降噪,并提高乘坐舒适感。     

新型运动车车身疲劳寿命分析研究

为提升自行研发的一款倒三轮运动车样机可靠性与疲劳寿命,利用模态分析和多体动力学分析方法,及疲劳寿命分析基本原理与方法,分析新型运动车车身结构与运动特性,得出此类运动车车身疲劳寿命分析的方法流程。采用模态分析法计算车身的应力历程信息,运用ADAMS/Car建立新型运动车刚弹耦合多体动力学模型,结合自编程序生成的路面谱,利用MSC/Fatigue分析预测新型运动车车身的疲劳寿命,获得车身疲劳寿命分析所需的激励载荷历程。优化车身结构,减轻车身的自重,为车身结构的设计提供参考,能够在产品设计的初期对产品寿命进行初步预测,缩短产品的开发周期,节省开发成本。     

刚柔耦合的自卸汽车举升机构动力学分析

为得到更加真实的自卸汽车举升机构动力学特性,将举升机构的拉杆和举升臂视为柔体,利用有限元分析软件MSC.Patran/Nastran对举升机构拉杆和举升臂进行模态分析,输出模态中性文件,在多体动力学软件ADAMS中引入模态中性文件,并考虑了悬架钢板弹簧和轮胎的柔性,建立刚柔耦合的自卸汽车整车虚拟样机模型。利用多体动力学软件ADAMS,对举升机构构件均为刚体和举升机构的拉杆、举升臂为柔体时进行动力学仿真分析,得到了举升机构各铰接点作用力的变化规律。结果表明,举升机构刚柔耦合建模与刚体建模相比,获得的作用力较小,为举升机构的设计提供了依据。     

曲轴疲劳寿命的有限元和多体动力学联合仿真研究

对于某型号的柴油机曲轴轴系,以有限元方法、动力学仿真分析以及疲劳分析为基础,采用有限元和多体动力学联合仿真对曲轴疲劳寿命进行预测。在MSC.Nastran中对曲轴进行模态分析,得到模态中性文件(*.mnf),用柔性曲轴替换刚性曲轴,得到刚柔耦合的多体动力学模型,在Adams中对曲轴进行载荷历程计算,把得到的.dac文件导入MSC.Fatigue,完成了曲轴的疲劳寿命分析,为曲轴的优化设计提供参考。     

基于刚柔耦合的转向架构架关键部位疲劳分析

以某型地铁车辆转向架构架为研究对象,根据结构模态综合法基本原理,通过有限元模态分析对构架进行主自由度缩减,得到构架模态中性文件。建立地铁车辆刚柔耦合多体动力学模型,利用多体动力学仿真,得到不同工况下构架关键部位的应力时间历程变化趋势。最后采用惯性释放法对构架关键部位进行准静态应力分析,依据车辆刚柔耦合多体动力学模型得到转向架构架关键部位的边界载荷,结合材料的S-N曲线,最后通过虚拟疲劳仿真的方法预测构架关键部位的疲劳寿命。     

基于刚柔耦合与联合仿真的AUV发动机动力学研究

结合多刚体动力学和多柔体动力学理论,建立自主式水下航行器发动机中相关柔性体的刚柔耦合运动学、动力学数学模型;在ADAMS中生成虚拟样机,在Matlab／Simulink中建立发动机控制模型,然后基于ADAMS／Control模块与Matlab／Simulink接口得到发动机多刚体联合仿真模型,并利用相关实车数据对其进行了验证;在ANSYS软件中生成柔性体有限元模态中性文件,导入多刚体联合仿真模型,得到刚柔耦舍的联合仿真模型。     

液压模块挂车刚柔耦合仿真及振动实验分析

针对车体的柔性特性对液压模块挂车动态的影响、并提高仿真计算精度的问题。运用ANSYS建立车体有限元模型并计算模态特征。在多体系统动力学理论基础上,将车体的模态中性文件导入ADAMS作为柔性体,建立整车刚柔耦合动力学模型。由路面不平度时域激励信号对动力学模型进行仿真,结合挂车的结构振动试验,从仿真计算与试验的结果对比表明:所建立车体有限元与挂车刚柔耦合动力学模型具有一定的准确性。进一步分析在不同的运行工况如车度、道路等级对挂车动态响应及平顺性的影响。     

气动钉枪枪体模态分析的联合仿真

主要针对某型号气动钉枪,采用有限元方法对其枪体进行了模态分析。首先,在Pro/E中建立了该枪体的三维实体模型;其次,利用HyperMesh软件建立了枪体的有限元动力学模型,并在Optistruct求解器下对该模型进行了模态分析,获得了模型的固有频率及相应的振型;最后,将求解的结果生成模态中性文件(.mnf)导入ADAMS中进行结果展示。分析结果不仅有利于了解结构的动态特性,避免共振,而且还成功实现了HyperMesh与ADAMS的联合仿真,为后续在AD-AMS中对整枪的动态特性分析提供了分析基础。     

基于CAE技术的车体动力学仿真分析

基于CAE技术对受冲击载荷作用的车体进行了动力学仿真分析,在三维CAD软件中,创建了车辆零部件的几何模型,对车体中面模型进行网格划分,创建车体有限元模型,对其进行模态叠加法瞬态动力学分析;在多体动力学仿真分析软件中,建立柔性车体,并添加其他零部件,建立车辆的刚柔混合虚拟样机模型进行多体动力学仿真分析。利用两种方法,对火炮发射工况下的车体刚强度分析得到的结果基本相似。     

某轿车自车身模态分析

以有限元模态分析和试验模态分析的相关理论为基础,对某轿车白车身的模态进行了研究。首先,在HyperMesh建立了白车身有限元模型,并用梁单元模拟焊点。在Nastran软件中用Lanczos方法对白车身进行了模态分析,得到白车身的固有频率及各阶振型。其次,采用随机信号对白车身进行两点激励,用多点拾振方法采集响应信号,将信号处理后,得到白车身的固有频率及对应的振型。通过对比有限元模态分析结果和试验结果,验证了所建有限元模型的有效性。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.     

Fractional order nonsingular terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking

This paper investigates a fractional terminal sliding mode control for flexible spacecraft attitude tracking in the presence of inertia uncertainties and extern...     

奥氏体不锈钢表面双辉等离子渗锆的动力学

利用双辉等离子渗金属技术在0Cr18Ni9Ti奥氏体不锈钢表面制备了一层均匀、致密、呈良好冶金结合的渗锆合金层,并对1 060℃下的渗锆动力学进行了研究。结果表明:随着距锆合金层表面距离的增加,锆元素的含量呈梯度递减,扩散系数逐渐减小,而扩散激活能逐步增大;在1 060℃采用双辉等离子技术渗锆时,渗锆合金层表层的空位密度为2.945×(1012~1013)cm-2,与相同温度下采用常规渗金属工艺相比,提高了1~2个数量级。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.