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1.
分析了数据库技术在医学信息处理中的现状及问题,介绍了数据仓库及在此基础上产生的数据挖掘技术,重点介绍了如何利用现有的医学信息资源建立基于数据仓库模型的医学信息数据库,并运用数据挖掘技术抽取数据库中数据隐藏的规律,提高医学信息的利用率.  相似文献   

2.
随着数字化医疗设备如CT、MR、DSA、DR在临床医学诊断中的大量采用,以及计算机技术在医院的广泛应用,医学影像数据正在里海量增长,现有的存储、图像处理及管理方式面临着巨大的挑战。网络医学图像库的出现,给医学图像库发展提供了条件和基础。而计算机网络的发展趋势是:开放、集成、高性能和智能化。它们渗透到网络自身、网络服务和网络应用的各个层次。基于医院现有影像数据系统,建立网络应用环境,来满足医学图像库发展的需要,为解决数字医学图像库所面临的问题提供一条很好的技术思路。  相似文献   

3.
面对生命复杂性的巨大挑战,研究者提出了整合基因组、蛋白质组和代谢组等多组学数据,以及整合从分子到生理病理表型数据的系统生物学研究策略,利用该策略建立以个体为中心的多层级人类疾病知识整合数据库,并在此基础上形成可用于疾病精确分类的生物医学知识网络,进而发展出未来能够为每个个体提供最好医疗护理的精准医学。  相似文献   

4.
Zhang QP  Sun DY  Lu M  Qin P  Shang T 《生理科学进展》2005,36(2):119-124
随着生物技术的进步,特别是以基因组、蛋白质组为标志的导致高通量实验数据产生的工作的开展,大量的实验数据在各个领域堆积拥塞,与领域内的知识的累计出现了极为不平衡的发展,因此,对这些数据的处理成为了学科发展的迫切需求。为了避免这些数据成为垃圾,数据库、统计学、信号处理、数据挖掘、知识管理、人工智能等多种技术被运用到医学生物学领域,使得医学生物信息学不再是医学、生物学和信息学、计算机科学的单纯交叉,而独立成为一门专业的学科,重点也由原来单纯的研究计算机信息技术在医学生物信息学中的延展和运用,转变到研究、发现、开发、创新适合医学生物学自身特点的新思想和新方法上来。本文对近年来心血管领域内医学生物信息发展和运用的情况进行了回顾和分析,并对该领域可能的发展方向做出判断。  相似文献   

5.
基因库(GenBank)的电子邮件检索   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
胡德华  方平 《遗传》1999,21(6):43-46
基因库(GenBank)是由美国国立卫生研究院、美国国立医学图书馆以及美国国家生物技术信息中心建立发行的,所有已知核酸和蛋白质序列及其文献和生物学注释的公共数据库。可以通过WW W 、FTP、E- m ail获取其中的数据,本文主要介绍了查询服务器的检索方法。  相似文献   

6.
目的开发一款辅助研究者设计比较医学动物实验方案和学习实验设计的应用软件。方法根据实验动物应用的"科学、伦理、经济"原则筛选比较医学动物实验技术资料,运用关系数据库架构原理分析和组织入选数据,通过解析比较医学动物实验规律和特点设计程序框架和模块,采用C++语言、MFC库进行面向用户的程序设计。结果建立了程序相关资源库和模型选择、实验动物、环境条件、实验步骤、方案输出5个功能模块,并完成整个软件测试。结论研发成功比较医学动物实验计算机辅助设计系统,该系统能够基于微型计算机为用户提供有效、易用的动物实验辅助设计和自助学习功能。  相似文献   

7.
三维人体虚拟内窥的发展与理论研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
虚拟内窥镜是用计算机处理CT或MRI获取三维医学数据,以获得类似用标准内窥镜观察病人内部器官过程观察效果的一种诊断的新方法.对它的起源、优点、原理作了一个较全面的综述.介绍了虚拟内窥镜的技术组成,分析了研究开发虚拟内窥镜技术的难点.对三维人体虚拟内窥系统进行了深入的理论分析和研究,建立了虚拟摄像机几何模型和定位方法.根据人体的三维影像数据,以不同分辨率对虚拟人体进行不同角度的观察.然后实现虚拟内窥结果的可视化,研制出基于微机的虚拟内窥系统和对三维人体影像数据虚拟内窥的结果.对虚拟内窥镜的发展、应用和前景做了展望,虚拟内窥是实现医学虚拟诊断、虚拟治疗和虚拟教学的很有前途的手段之一.  相似文献   

8.
为了适应我国医学教育培养高素质创新人才的要求、提高本科生创新意识和综合能力,本研究对我校八年制医学生医学免疫学实验教学进行了系列探索与实践。经过5年的实践表明,我校医学免疫学实验教学改革已取得初步成效:优化了医学免疫学实验教学内容、初步探索出一套行之有效的实验室开放模式、建立了适合本科学生进行创新思维和综合训练的技术平台、建立并完善了实验教学质量保障体系。为国内高等医学院校建立医学免疫学实验教学模式提供了有价值的参考。  相似文献   

9.
精准医学集合了多种数据,包括组学、临床、环境和行为等,是对疾病进行个性化治疗、预防和管理的科学。随着基因测序费用的大幅下降,人们对肿瘤等疾病的认识从传统病理到分子水平的飞跃等,相关科学的发展和普及推动了精准医学的诞生和发展,将更加深远地影响着人类的健康。本文介绍了精准医学的概念、目的及应用,介绍了二代DNA测序技术在精准医学中的应用,认为基因组学数据、样本管理、数据质量控制标准以及数据管理平台等是实现精准医学的基础,智能化精准医疗将是来的发展方向。进行展望的同时,也认为基因组学海量数据的规模特点、各种健康应用在推动数据管理平台的发展的同时,也对其演进提出了挑战。  相似文献   

10.
美国农业部(USDA)对各种农业重要品种的基因组制图的计划已开始形成。美国农业图书馆植物基因组数据及信息中心(PGDIC)将主要着手于大豆、玉米、小麦和松木等研究数据的收集。USDA对现有生物技术和测序中心如医学图书馆生物技术信息中心和GenBank进行了调查研究,目的是建立一个能与GenBank、Agricola和种质资源信息网连机的开放体系。  相似文献   

11.
The concept of PACS has evolved from a central storage of medical images to a distributed data and image management system. The trend and evolution of the definition and design of PACS systems is described in this paper. Special emphasis on the concept of distributed and open architecture is given with a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. A hospital-wide PACS system designed based on a distributed architecture integrated with a Hospital Information System (HIS) at the University Hospital of Geneva is further described.  相似文献   

12.
In this work a general purpose image processor is described, which takes into account the special features and the various requirements for analysing images in nuclear medicine. A new approach for system structure involving encoding and representing medical images is given. This encoder, which is part of the image processor, is efficient especially for long-term storage and for certain pattern recognition in medical imaging. In this processor a statistical package is incorporated for collecting medical statistics using the acquired patient data. This information is used together with the encoder for an automated diagnostic system.  相似文献   

13.
Diagnostic surgical pathology or tissue–based diagnosis still remains the most reliable and specific diagnostic medical procedure. The development of whole slide scanners permits the creation of virtual slides and to work on so-called virtual microscopes. In addition to interactive work on virtual slides approaches have been reported that introduce automated virtual microscopy, which is composed of several tools focusing on quite different tasks. These include evaluation of image quality and image standardization, analysis of potential useful thresholds for object detection and identification (segmentation), dynamic segmentation procedures, adjustable magnification to optimize feature extraction, and texture analysis including image transformation and evaluation of elementary primitives. Grid technology seems to possess all features to efficiently target and control the specific tasks of image information and detection in order to obtain a detailed and accurate diagnosis. Grid technology is based upon so-called nodes that are linked together and share certain communication rules in using open standards. Their number and functionality can vary according to the needs of a specific user at a given point in time. When implementing automated virtual microscopy with Grid technology, all of the five different Grid functions have to be taken into account, namely 1) computation services, 2) data services, 3) application services, 4) information services, and 5) knowledge services. Although all mandatory tools of automated virtual microscopy can be implemented in a closed or standardized open system, Grid technology offers a new dimension to acquire, detect, classify, and distribute medical image information, and to assure quality in tissue–based diagnosis.  相似文献   

14.
ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to explore the construction of a digital three-dimensional model of virtual technology that plays an auxiliary role in orthopedic treatment.MethodsThree fracture patients were selected, with no abnormality was observed in bone examination, no musculoskeletal disease in the past; and spiral CT scan of the spine and pelvis, upper limbs, and lower limbs was performed. The virtual technology was used to build a digital 3D model, mainly using the editing software Mimics10.0 software. In addition, the virtual three-dimensional model was verified by virtual surgery, data storage security, work efficiency of the model, model validity, three-dimensional characteristics of the model, the interaction mode of the model, and the data accuracy of the model were studied.ResultsThe digital 3D model was successfully established by Mimics10.0 software. The data fitting efficiency was very high. The data storage security of the 3D model was greatly improved compared with the 2D model, and the work efficiency was improved by at least 50%. There was also a significant change in the accuracy and interaction of data acquisition. Therefore, the detection of digital 3D model work through virtual surgery simulation fully demonstrated the positive auxiliary role of 3D model in orthopedic treatment.ConclusionThe digital 3D model based on Mimics10.0 software is efficient and accurate in obtaining data. It is very effective for subsequent adjuvant therapy in the field of orthopedics, reducing the probability of misdiagnosis by doctors, saving time and improving efficiency, reducing patient's physical pain and unnecessary economic expenses.  相似文献   

15.
生物多样性研究工作急切需要一个建立在多源数据基础上的数字图书馆。基于虚拟用户社区的生物多样性数字图书馆除了在数据类型、存储需求、共享方式等方面具有一般数字图书馆的特点之外, 在数据挖掘和应用方面也有自己的一些特点。本文在对国内外数字图书馆调研和与生物多样性遗产图书馆(Biodiversity Heritage Library)及互联网档案(Internet Archive)项目的合作的基础上, 总结了各类数字图书馆中的数据类型, 对构建生物多样性数字图书馆相关的数据标准——Dublin Core和TaxonX作了简单介绍。然后设计了具有数据汇总、数据整理、转换和翻译以及数据对外服务三个模块的系统框架,提出了生物多样性数字图书馆的系统架构和功能,展示了已经实现的部分系统运行效果, 最后对今后在版权、全文识别、海量和扩展等方面的问题进行了讨论。  相似文献   

16.
为满足全国医院服务能力和医疗质量评价需求,针对复杂的病案首页源数据,设计实现了自下而上包含数据集成层、存储与管理层、分析与挖掘层、分析结果展现层,以及贯穿整个系统的数据安全和质量控制的病案首页数据集成与分布式管理平台。系统平台已应用于全国多家医院的病案首页数据的集成与处理,获得了很好的效果。  相似文献   

17.

Introduction  

A novel system that combines a compact mobile instrument and Internet communications is presented in this paper for remote evaluation of tremors. The system presents a high potential application in Parkinson's disease and connects to the Internet through a TCP/IP protocol. Tremor transduction is carried out by accelerometers, and the data processing, presentation and storage were obtained by a virtual instrument. The system supplies the peak frequency (fp), the amplitude (Afp) and power in this frequency (Pfp), the total power (Ptot), and the power in low (1-4 Hz) and high (4-7 Hz) frequencies (Plf and Phf, respectively).  相似文献   

18.
BackgroundLiquid Biopsy (LB) in the form of e.g., circulating tumor cells (CTCs) is a promising non-invasive approach to support current therapeutic cancer management. However, the proof of clinical utility of CTCs in informing therapeutic decision-making for e.g., breast cancer in clinical trials and associated translational research projects is facing the issues of low CTC positivity rates and low CTC numbers – even in the metastasized situation. To compensate for this dilemma, clinical CTC trials are designed as large multicenter endeavors with decentralized sample collection, processing and storage of products, making data management highly important to enable high-quality translational CTC research.AimIn the DETECT clinical CTC trials we aimed at developing a custom-made, browser-based virtual database to harmonize and organize both decentralized processing and storage of LB specimens and to enable the collection of clinically meaningful LB sample.MethodsViBiBa processes data from various sources, harmonizes the data and creates an easily searchable multilayered database.ResultsAn open-source virtual bio-banking web-application termed ViBiBa was created, which automatically processes data from multiple non-standardized sources. These data are automatically checked and merged into one centralized databank and are providing the opportunity to extract clinically relevant patient cohorts and CTC sample collections.SummaryViBiBa, which is a highly flexible tool that allows for decentralized sample storage of liquid biopsy specimens, facilitates a solution which promotes collaboration in a user-friendly, federalist and highly structured way. The source code is available under the MIT license from https://vibiba.com or https://github.com/asperciesl/ViBiBa  相似文献   

19.
We designed and evaluated an innovative computer-aided-learning environment based on the on-line integration of computer controlled medical diagnostic devices and a medical information system for use in the preclinical medical physics education of medical students. Our learning system simulates the actual clinical environment in a hospital or primary care unit. It uses a commercial medical information system for on-line storage and processing of clinical type data acquired during physics laboratory classes. Every student adopts two roles, the role of ‘patient’ and the role of ‘physician’. As a ‘physician’ the student operates the medical devices to clinically assess ‘patient’ colleagues and records all results in an electronic ‘patient’ record. We also introduced an innovative approach to the use of supportive education materials, based on the methods of adaptive e-learning. A survey of student feedback is included and statistically evaluated.The results from the student feedback confirm the positive response of the latter to this novel implementation of medical physics and informatics in preclinical education. This approach not only significantly improves learning of medical physics and informatics skills but has the added advantage that it facilitates students’ transition from preclinical to clinical subjects.  相似文献   

20.
医疗服务数据中心能够通过对医疗数据的采集、存储、维护和分析,在评价和提升患者安全、助力医疗质量管理、为患者就医提供导向、推动生物银行的建设发展等方面发挥着非常重要的作用。尽管相比发达国家,我国的国家医疗服务数据中心的建设起步较晚,但已在指导医疗服务和服务医疗管理方面取得了一定的成绩。  相似文献   

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