WHO西太区与“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：阴阳学说部分

《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》中收录有关阴阳学说及其相关概念的术语有16条，“世界中医药学会联合会”（以下简称世中联）标准《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》中收录了39条，其翻译基本与现行译法一致，如将“阴中之阴”译作yin within yin，将“阴阳对立”译作opposition of yin and yang，将“阴阳平衡”译作yin—yang balance等等。但也有一些有别于通行译法的翻译．如将“阴阳互根”译作mutual rooting of yin and yang，将“阴阳转化”译作yin-yang conversion等。这些译法基本上反映了某些西方译者的思路与方法。     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：五官部分

The terms related to the five sensory organs in traditional Chinese medicine are somewhat limited as compared with those of the basic theory of traditional Chinese medicine. For this reason there are only 28 terms of sensory organs included in WHO International Standand Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region （abbreviated as WHO Standard）.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：形体部分

The terms concerning body constituents in traditional Chinese medicine, comparatively speaking, are somewhat limited because the components of human body are limited. So altogether there are only 29 included in WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region （abbreviated as WHO Standard）, and 48 in International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine compiled by World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies （abbreviated as WFCMS Standard）.     

WHO西太区与“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：经络部分

在中医名词术语的英语翻译中，与经络学说相关的术语，其翻译一般都比较统一。在中医药的对外交流中，针灸是率先走出国门并为西方世界所接受的中医疗法。其传入西方的历史远远早于中医药学的其他领域。正因为如此，其用语的英语翻译在国际上相对比较一致。在《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》中共收录了有关经络学说的术语43条。“世界中医药学会联合会”（以下简称“世中联”）《中医基本名词术语中英对照国际标准》中则收录了87条。下面试根据WHO的标准并结合“世中联”的方案，对这些术语的翻译问题加以简要的比较分析。     

WHO西太区与“世界中医药学会联合会”中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：脏腑部分

“脏腑”是中医基本理论中的一个重要方面，其基本概念和用语为中医名词术语的核心内容，反映了中医翻译的基本问题。对这方面术语的翻译和标准化问题的讨论，有利于我们进一步明确中医翻译的基本理论与方法。《WHO西太区传统医学国际标准名词术语》中共收录有关脏腑的术语83条，     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：胃肠病辨证

The stomach is located in the middle region of Sanjiao.It is responsible for reception and primary digestion of water and food,and therefore taken as the postnatal base of life in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM).Physiologically,the stomach is closely related to the intestines that receive and further digest the water and food which had beenprimarily digested in     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：肺病辨证

The lung is one of the five zang-organs located in bothsides of the chest.It governs qi flowing in all parts of the body,controls respiration,regulates water passage,diffuses and distributes defensive qi,connects with all the meridians and vessels in the body and assists the heart to pump blood.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：六经辨证

Syndrome differentiation of the six meridians, a method used in treating diseases of external contraction,was developed by Zhang Zhongjing, a sage of medicine in the East Han Dynasty (25 to 220 AD),based on the theory analyzed in the chapter entitled Discussion on Heat Diseases in     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（二）

Inspection （望）, one of the four diagnostic methods traditionally used by traditional Chinese medicine （ TCM ） practitioners to examine patients, means to observe the body and specific regions as well as secreta and excreta of the patients in order to understand the general and pathological condition of the patient.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（五）

In the field of inquiry, and expressions. In WHO there are many terms International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region^[1] （abbreviated as WPRO Standard）. 211 terms are included. In International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomencla- ture of Chinese Medicine compiled by World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies^[2] （abbreviated as WFCMS Standard）, more terms are listed. In both standards, most of the terms are well translated.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：病因辨证（英文）

The causes of diseases are various,generally including the so-called six excesses,seven emotional factors,improper diet,imbalance between work and rest and traumatic injury.In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）,there are many terms related to these five aspects.However in WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region[1] （abbreviated as WPRO Standard）,only 60 terms related to six excesses and traumatic injury are included and almost no terms associated with emotional changes,improper diet and imbalance work and rest can be found in it.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（一）

In traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）, there are four major diagnostic methods, namely inspection （望）, listening and smelling （闻）, inquiry （ 问 ） and pulse-taking and palpation （切）. Of course in TCM there are still some other supplementary methods for diagnosing diseases. However, these four are the major ones traditionally used to diagnose disease and decide prognosis.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（三）

Wen （闻）, one of the four diagnostic methods traditionally used by traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） practitioners to examine patient, actually includes two different kinds of diagnostic methods, listening and smelling. Listening means to listen to the voice, sound, breath, cough, vomiting, hiccup, sigh, sneezing and borborygmus of the patient in order to differentiate the location, nature and cause of the disease. Smelling means to smell the odor of the patient and his or her living room as well as the secreta and excreta of the patient in order to decide the nature, location and cause of the disease.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（七）

The Chinese concept 切诊 is actually composed of two separate methods, i.e. pulse-taking and palpation, both of which are used to touch, feel and press the body surface of the patients in order to understand the pathological changes of the patients^[1]. The terms used in describing the ways and procedures of these two methods are usually related to the form, state and variations of pulse and certain parts of the body surface.     

WHO西太区与世界中医药学会联合会中医名词术语国际标准比较研究：诊断部分（六）

We have divided into three parts the terminologies concerning inquiry in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） included in WHO International Standard Terminologies on Traditional Medicine in the Western Pacific Region （ abbreviated as WPRO Standard） and International Standard Chinese-English Basic Nomenclature of Chinese Medicine compiled by World Federation of Chinese Medicine Societies （abbreviated as WFCMS Standard）.