甲基异丁基醇气相催化脱氢制备甲基异丁基酮的工艺研究

在固定床反应器上研究了自制 CuO/ZnO/Al_2O_3为催化剂,常压下由甲基异丁基醇脱氢制备甲基异丁基酮的反应,得到了较佳的工艺条件:温度240～250℃,甲基异丁基甲醇质量空速1.0～1.5 h~(-1),催化剂还原温度低于240℃。在该条件下,甲基异丁基甲醇的单程转化率最高可达82.2%,甲基异丁基酮选择性达到99.0%。实验结果表明,在实验条件下该催化剂具有较好的稳定性。     

异丁醇气相催化制备异丁腈

探讨了由异丁醇和氨气高温气相催化氰化制备异丁腈的工艺 ,筛选了一种良好的催化剂 (Cu Zn/Al2 O3) ,异丁醇单程转化率 >99% ,异丁腈单程摩尔收率 >98%。     

异山梨醇的制备及应用研究进展

介绍了异山梨醇的来源、用途和制备方法,阐述了由山梨醇脱水制备异山梨醇的催化剂及研究进展。异山梨醇在食品、化妆品、医药、塑料及聚合物等领域有广泛的应用,被誉为未来重要的生物基化工原料,因此深入开展以山梨醇为原料脱水制备异山梨醇的研究具有重要意义。     

顺丁烯二酸二异辛酯合成催化剂研究进展

针对顺丁烯二酸二异辛酯酯化合成催化剂进行了综述,着重介绍了硫酸、对甲苯磺酸、超强固体酸、金属等催化剂在酯化反应中制备顺丁烯二酸二异辛酯的研究进展,为开发新型高效、清洁环保、价廉经济的催化剂提供借鉴.     

异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的制备及共聚改性研究进展

介绍了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯对聚碳行业发展的意义,综述了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的主要制备方法,包括端羟基活化法、光气法和熔融酯交换法。概述了研究较多的熔融酯交换法制备异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯催化剂的进展,包括固体碱催化剂和离子液体催化剂,其中离子液体催化剂被认为是目前最有发展前景的催化剂之一。最后,对异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的共聚改性方法进行了总结,并对今后的研究方向作了展望。     

异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的制备及共聚改性研究进展

介绍了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯对聚碳行业发展的意义,综述了异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的主要制备方法,包括端羟基活化法、光气法和熔融酯交换法。概述了研究较多的熔融酯交换法制备异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯催化剂的进展,包括固体碱催化剂和离子液体催化剂,其中离子液体催化剂被认为是目前最有发展前景的催化剂之一。最后,对异山梨醇基聚碳酸酯的共聚改性方法进行了总结,并对今后的研究方向作了展望。     

负载硫酸氢钠催化合成异硬脂酸异辛酯

采用直接酯化法，以活性炭负载硫酸氢钠为催化剂，催化异硬脂酸、2-乙基己醇合成异硬脂酸异辛酯，讨论了酸醇物质的量比、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对酯化反应程度的影响。活性炭负载硫酸氢钠催化合成异硬脂酸异辛酯的最佳反应条件为：酸醇物质的量比为1∶1.45,反应温度为150℃,反应时间为6 h,催化剂用量为0.5%。在此工艺条件下，合成的异硬脂酸异辛酯酯化率高、颜色好、副反应少。     

异辛酸稀土改性MC尼龙的研究

研究了己内酰胺在甲醇钠催化剂和甲苯二异氰酸酯助催化剂的存在下,采用异辛酸稀土改性的由阴离子开环原位聚合法制备MC尼龙复合材料的工艺,介绍了异辛酸稀土改性剂的制备方法,研究了异辛酸稀土改性MC尼龙的力学性能和热性能。结果表明,异辛酸稀土的加入可使MC尼龙的弯曲强度、冲击强度等力学性能得以提高;通过改性还能使制品的热稳定性、耐磨性和尺寸稳定性明显提高而吸水率大幅度降低。     

异戊烯醇的合成工艺研究

以异戊二烯为原料直接水合法制备异戊烯醇的工艺,考查了不同溶剂、原料配比、催化剂用量及反应时间对反应的影响。     

丙酮一步合成甲基异丁基酮催化剂的研究进展

本文介绍了丙酮一步法合成甲基异丁基酮的工艺过程,并系统地阐述了丙酮一步法制备甲基异丁基酮所用催化剂研究进展情况.在对各类催化剂进行分析比较之后,提出了未来的研究方向.     

Cloud point behavior for poly(isodecyl methacrylate)+supercritical solvents+cosolvent and vapor-liquid behavior for CO<Subscript>2</Subscript>+isodecyl methacrylate systems at high pressure

Experimental cloud-point data of binary and ternary mixtures for poly(isodecyl methacrylate) [P(IDMA)] in supercritical carbon dioxide, dimethyl ether (DME), propane, propylene, butane and 1-butene have been studied experimentally using a high pressure variable volume view cell. These systems show the phase behavior at temperature of 308 K to 473 K and pressure up to 255 MPa. The cloud-point curves for the P(IDMA)+CO₂+isodecyl methacrylate (IDMA) are measured in changes of the pressure-temperature (P-T) slope, and with cosolvent concentrations of 0-60.1 wt%. Also, experimental data of phase behaviors for IDMA in supercritical carbon dioxide is obtained at temperature range of 313.2–393.2 K and pressure range of 5.8–22.03 MPa. The experimental results were modeled with the Peng-Robinson equation of state. The location of the P(IDMA)+CO₂ cloud-point curve shifts to lower temperatures and pressures when DME is added to P(IDMA)+CO₂ solution. The P(IDMA)+C₄ hydrocarbons cloud-point curves are ca. 16.0 MPa lower pressures than the P(IDMA)+C₃ hydrocarbons curves at constant temperature. This article is dedicated to Professor Chul Soo Lee in commemoration of his retirement from Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering of Korea University.     

Swelling and network parameters of high oil‐absorptive network based on 1‐octene and isodecyl acrylate copolymers

Crosslinked 1‐octene‐isodecyl acrylate copolymers were synthesized and evaluated for oil‐absorbency applications. The copolymer was crosslinked at different concentrations of ethylene glycol diacrylate (EGDA) and EG dimethacrylate (EGDMA) crosslinkers via catalytic initiation or by electron‐beam irradiation at a dose rate 80 kGy. The concentration of both crosslinkers was varied from 0.5 to 2%. The effects of the crosslinking conditions such as crosslinker concentration, method of polymerization and monomer concentrations on the conversion and gel fraction were examined through oil‐ absorption tests using petroleum crude oil. It was found that the oil absorbency was influenced mainly by the degree of crosslinking and the hydrophobicity of the copolymer units. The final equilibrium oil content, volume fraction of the polymer, and swelling capacity were determined at 298 K. The effective crosslinking density, average molecular weight between the crosslinks, and polymer–toluene interaction parameter were determined from stress–strain measurements. The crosslinking efficiencies of EGDA and EGDMA toward copolymers were determined. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 97: 80–91, 2005     

Synthesis and association properties in water solution of random copolymers of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid and isodecyl methacrylate—potential application as surfactants in micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration processes

Hydrophobically modified water‐soluble polymers have been prepared by copolymerization of 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) and isodecyl methacrylate (iDMA) in N,N‐dimethylformamide under nitrogen atmosphere, varying the composition feed. Fluorescence spectroscopy was used to further confirm the copolymers self‐aggregate in water. Critical concentration of the self‐aggregate formation (CAC) decreased by increasing the molar fraction of iDMA in the AMPS_co copolymers and varied between 1.20 and 0.04 g/L depending on the degree of hydrophobic modification. Hence, copolymer composition and charge density allowed tuning the pseudomicellar characteristics of these new amphiphilic copolymers. The addition of a salt or a low‐molecular‐weight surfactant was studied. Binding of CTAB to the AMPS_co copolymers leads to a high decrease of CAC, i.e., 0.006 g/L. Effect of the composition in the viscosimetric behavior of the hydrophobically modified copolymers AMPS_co was investigated. The removal of single metal ions, Cu²⁺, and m‐cresol from aqueous solutions by ultrafiltration with the help of the copolymers was investigated. Equilibrium dialysis experiments demonstrate that the formation of hydrophobic microdomains can be used to control the sequestration of foulants, and thus these novel copolymers have potential application as polymeric surfactants in micellar‐enhanced ultrafiltration processes for water purification. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Extension of a compressible lattice model to CO2 + cosolvent + polymer systems

We have recently proposed a compressible lattice model for CO₂ + polymer systems in which CO₂ forms complexes with one or more functional groups in the polymer. Furthermore, we have shown that this model is able to simultaneously correlate phase equilibria, sorption behavior, and glass transition temperatures in such systems. In the present work, we extend the model to ternary CO₂ + cosolvent + polymer systems and demonstrate that cloud point behavior in CO₂ + dimethyl ether + poly (?-caprolactone), CO₂ + dimethyl ether + poly (isopropyl acrylate), and CO₂ + dimethyl ether + poly (isodecyl acrylate) systems can be predicted using parameters obtained from binary data. Our results also suggest that dimethyl ether may form weak complexes with poly (?-caprolactone), poly (isopropyl acrylate), and poly (isodecyl acrylate).     

Zinc maleate and zinc anthranilate as thermal stabilizers for PVC

The results of the evaluation of zinc maleate and zinc anthranilate as thermal stabilizers for poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) are reported in this article. Calcium stearate, diphenyl isodecyl phosphite, and epoxidized soya oil were used as costabilizers. Both zinc compounds showed good stabilizing performance in static and dynamic tests, particularly at low concentrations. The best results were obtained with zinc anthranilate. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 77: 2603–2605, 2000     

Effect of plasticizers on mechanical,electrical, permanence,and thermal properties of poly(vinyl chloride)

Effects of three different plasticizers and their blends with dioctyl phthalate (DOP) on thermal stability, flammability, mechanical, electrical, and permanence properties of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) compound were studied. Various plasticizers used were DOP, butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP), isodecyl diphenyl phosphate (IDDP), and polybutylene adipate (PBA) at concentrations of up to 40 phr level. Studies showed that processability and softness were improved by addition of BBP. An increase in the content of IDDP increased the electrical and flammability properties, whereas compositions with PBA exhibited the best permanence properties. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3278–3284, 2003     

Multifunctional greener additives for lubricating oil

In an anticipation to produce biodegradable additives with multifunctional performance for a cost‐effective lubricant composition, copolymers are synthesized by incorporating rice bran oil, peanut oil, β‐pinene in the backbone of isodecyl acrylate through microwave irradiation method using AIBN (azobisisobutyronitrile) as radical initiator. The prepared polymers are characterized by spectral techniques (IR, NMR) and SEC‐GPC analysis, thermal stability was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Performance of the polymers as antiwear (AW), pour point depressant (PPD), viscosity modifier/viscosity index improver (VII) in different mineral base oils (SN1 and SN2) were done by standard ASTM methods. Biodegradability test of the polymers was carried out by disk diffusion (DD) and soil burial test methods. The copolymers of rice bran oil showed better viscosity index values and AW property, whereas the copolymers of peanut oil found to be most effective as PPD. Copolymers with higher concentration of green units showed better performance as viscosity modifier, pour point depressant and AW performance along with excellent biodegradability. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2017. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers     

超滤-纳滤组合工艺对东太湖原水的处理效果

随着工业化进程的不断加快,东太湖水质日趋恶化,给常规处理增加了很大的处理难度。针对水源污染问题和给水深度处理的需要,开展了超滤-纳滤双膜组合工艺处理东太湖原水的中试研究,考察双膜工艺对出水水质的提升效果。结果表明,超滤-纳滤双膜工艺对水质常规指标具有较好的去除效果,CODMn和TOC的去除率分别为91.7%和90%;对荧光类物质的去除主要表现在对芳香族蛋白质、类富里酸物质、溶解性微生物代谢产物的去除;此外,双膜组合工艺对小分子二甲基异莰醇(2-MIB)和土臭素(GSM)的去除率分别为70%和77%,表明该工艺对水中主要致嗅物质具有良好的去除能力。     

异构十醇聚氧乙烯醚与阴离子表面活性剂复配体系的性能研究

对异构十醇聚氧乙烯醚(IC_(10)EO_n)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)和脂肪醇聚氧乙烯(2)醚硫酸钠(C_(12~14)E_2S)的水溶性进行分析,研究了LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S对异构十醇聚氧乙烯(8)醚(IC_(10)EO_8)浊点的影响,同时考察了IC_(10)EO_8与LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S复配体系的润湿力、泡沫性能、去污力等。结果表明,在25℃下,当IC_(10)EO_n的EO加合数为3,8和9时可与水以任意比例互溶,不会形成凝胶;在IC_(10)EO_8与LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S的复配体系中,当LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S的质量分数大于0.6%时,浊点迅速上升;IC_(10)EO_8与LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S的质量比在3∶1~1∶3范围内,复配体系的润湿性能优于单一表面活性剂,当IC_(10)EO_8与LAS和C_(12~14)E_2S的质量比为1∶1时,润湿性能最佳;IC_(10)EO_8的泡沫性能较差,随着阴离子表面活性剂的含量增加,复配体系起泡力逐渐增强,泡沫稳定性呈不规则变化;加入一定量的阴离子表面活性剂可提高IC_(10)EO_8的去污力。     

Biofouling reduction of EPDM by radiation-assisted modification for water environment applications

Ethylene propylene diene elastomer (EPDM) harbors diverse microbiota that form biofilms. Such biofilms may contaminate water and can increase drag force impacting the hydrodynamic performance of a ship, once it is used as fenders. Here, the EPDM surface is modified by radiation-assisted grafting to prevent biofilm formation. Three different monomers, namely, methacrylic acid (MAA), isodecyl methacrylate (IDM), and lauryl methacrylate (LMA), are grafted on EPDM. The modified surfaces are characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, surface wettability, mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties (DMA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The modified surfaces are subjected to biofouling by prominent biofilm adherents, that is, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The standard plate count and resazurin fluorescence assays are performed to observe the microbial load on these surfaces. The MAA-grafted EPDM, which is hydrophilic in nature, shows a considerable decrease in bacterial adhesion compared to pure EPDM, but for IDM and LMA-grafted EPDM, it is the opposite. The deterioration of the surface with bacteria by environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) supports the findings. The tensile property of the modified EPDM is observed to be within satisfactory limits. After such modification, the EPDM is expected to expand its application.