模拟涡轮叶片内冷通道方管和锥形管换热的实验研究

1引言在现代燃气涡轮发动机中，涡轮叶片内部设计了各种复杂的冷却通道结构，通人冷却空气，使工作状态下涡轮叶片温度降低，发动机得以安全运转。为此对干旋转情况下各种冷却方式换热效果的研允具有一定的现实意义。本课题时旋转状态下的方形等截面通道和收缩通道的局部对流换热特性进行了初步实验研究。为了近似地模拟叶片的冷却通道，本实验设计了光滑壁面的等截面方形通道、截面为矩形的收缩通道的实验模型。试验模型垂直于试验台的旋转轴转动，冷却气流流动方向向外。通道的热边界条件为等热流。2基本理论分析和实验研究旋转状态下的动…     

B_1型超跨音速压气机第一级工作叶片设计试验和应用

本文叙述了B_1型发动机I级动叶为了排除叶片裂纹断裂故障而进行的重新设计和试验过程.本文共由三部分组成,第一部分为叶片重新设计方法;第二部分为实验结果;第三部分为应用评价.     

进口热斑径向作用位置对无导叶对转涡轮低压级温度场的影响

为了探究无导叶对转涡轮进口热斑径向作用位置的变化对其低压级温度场的影响,运用CFD方法对某无导叶对转涡轮模型级的流场进行了三维非定常多叶片排的数值模拟.结果表明,进入低压动叶中的热斑流体的迁移特性主要由通道二次流控制;进口热斑径向作用位置的变化将直接影响到低压动叶中的通道二次流结构,转子通道中的二次流与涡轮进口热斑直接相关;进口热斑径向作用位置的变化将对低压动叶吸力面上的附加高温区的强度产生显著影响.     

基于小波变换的汽车电子漏电信号检测系统设计

汽车电子漏电信号具有较强的微弱性和瞬时性。当前的漏电信号检测方法无法避免这种微弱性和瞬时性的特点,导致漏电信号检测准确性较低。设计并实现了一种新的汽车电子漏电信号检测系统。该检测系统由硬件部分和软件部分构成。在硬件设计方面重点介绍了基于PCI1712数据采集卡的漏电信号采集模块和滤波电路;软件部分由LADVIEM和MATLAB仿真软件共同编程完成,重点阐述了小波变换滤波器的设计方法,并给出部分漏电信号采集程序。实验结果表明,该系统能够有效提高汽车电子漏电信号检测的准确性和检测效率。     

考虑冷气的某对转涡轮设计简述与流场分析

为进一步缩减涡轮轴向尺寸,提升航空发动机推重比,在考虑冷气的影响下,将某型高负荷1+1对转涡轮改型为1+1/2对转涡轮,并对其内部流场加以分析。研究结果表明,与原型涡轮相比,改型设计在叶片数大幅减少的前提下,效率略有提高且保证了原有的做功量基本不变。此外,对于此类涡轮设计,需考虑大冷气量下通流设计及叶片匹配、高出口马赫数叶型尾缘激波控制、高来流马赫数叶型设计以及高负荷涡轮叶片通道中通道涡对冷却效果的影响等问题。     

叶片安装角偏差对涡轮通道内热斑迁移的影响

叶片的加工和安装偏差不仅直接影响到涡轮的性能,而且可能对叶片通道内热斑的迁移产生影响.为了研究这种偏差对热斑在涡轮中迁移及叶片热负荷等的影响,本文以某高压涡轮级为例,利用三维非定常数值模拟手段进行了研究.结果表明:动叶安装角的偏差对动叶中热斑的迁移如周向迁移有较明显的影响;而热斑迁移的变化将直接影响涡轮动叶压力面和吸力面的热负荷分布,最终影响涡轮叶片的寿命;并且热斑迁移的变化还导致下游支板通道内温度分布产生较为明显的变化,这有可能给发动机排气温度的测量带来偏差.热斑迁移的变化在涡轮的设计和故障分析中应予重视.     

涡轮转速对无导叶对转涡轮流动特性的影响

为了探究无导叶对转涡轮在不同涡轮转速下的流动特性,运用CFD方法对某无导叶对转涡轮模型级的流场进行了三维定常多叶片排的数值模拟.结果表明,涡轮转速的变化对无导叶对转涡轮的喉部位置基本没有影响;随涡轮转速的升高,高压动叶内的激波损失增大,低压动叶内的激波损失减小,源生于低压动叶吸力面上的激波沿吸力面向尾缘移动;对于远离设计点的非设计工况,流动分离损失及低压动叶中的激波损失构成了对转涡轮损失中的主体;涡轮转速的变化对高低压动叶出口气流角及高压动叶出口马赫数的影响作用较大;高低压涡轮出功比、对转涡轮的总功率及等熵效率均随涡轮转速的增大而增大.     

双圈同轴式光纤涡轮流量计的智能化设计

为了克服现有电磁式涡轮流量计的量程小,易受电磁干扰的缺点,本文设计了一种双圈同轴式光纤的涡轮流量智能检测系统。该测试系统由三大模块组成,双圈同轴式的光纤传感器作为信号拾取工具,硬件电路对信号进行预处理,TMS320F2812 DSP对信号进一步软件处理。经过实验验证,该测试系统在5-300Hz的测量范围内,测量误差小于0.5%。因此,该测试系统具有较高的测量精度和可靠性,这为光纤涡轮流量计的样机制作提供了重要依据。     

基于3G-ASCX的小型飞行器异常导航信号检测系统设计

传统方法在异常导航信号信噪比较低时对小型飞行器异常导航信号的检测效果不理想。设计并实现了一种基于3G-ASCX的小型飞行器异常导航信号检测系统,硬件设计时着重于ASCX传感器模块、异常导航信号检测模块、主控基站模块、3G/GPRS传输模块的研究,3G/GPRS传输模块的硬件设计中,通过功耗低体积小的CC1100完成异常导航信号的收发,传输过程中通过芯片STC12C5410AD完成电容的平衡转换,选取了MC3486进行电压的转换,最终实现异常信号数据的安全快速传输;软件设计中,系统软件流程设计及异常导航信号检测模块软件设计,最后进行仿真实验,实验结果证明,相比传统系统,所设计系统检测到的小型飞行器异常导航信号同实际测量的异常导航信号具有较高的匹配度,与实际值相比,误差小于1dB,适合推广使用。     

数字电液压调节系统点检仪设计

数字电液压调节系统点检仪是针对现场中为汽轮机所配备的数字电液压调节系统而设计的一种点检仪系统;传统对数字电液压调节系统进行检测的方法是基于示波器和信号源发生器等组合操作,操作复杂、实时性不高、检测结果显示不明确;文章提出数字电液压调节系统点检仪设计,不仅可以检测数字电液压调节系统输出的信号,而且可为数字电液压调节系统提供所需信号,最终由上位机控制检测过程和显示检测结果;数字电液压调节系统点检仪包括双STM32实现硬件功能部分和Smartpro实现上位机组态部分;经过实验,该系统可实时对汽轮机所配备的相关数字电液压调节系统模块进行信号的监测和检测,不仅提高现场中模块使用的安全性,同时提高自动化水平。     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.