安氏Ⅱ~1错儿童颞下颌关节结构变化与Helkimo指数分析

目的研究安氏Ⅱ1错儿童颞下颌关节(TMJ)髁突移位、关节盘移位等结构变化与临床症状、体征的特点及两者间的关系。方法120例尚未接受正畸治疗的安氏Ⅱ1错患者,进行TMJ的磁共振成像(MRI)检查后测定TMJ中髁突及关节盘位置,同时以Helkimo指数评价TMJ临床表现与功能状况;采用秩和检验(rank sum test)对临床功能检查结果与髁突移位与否、关节盘移位与否进行分析比较。结果120例患者中髁突前位为61例,发病率达50.8%;盘前位为40例,发病率达33.3%。主诉症状指数Ai100%为0,且大部分无临床功能障碍(髁突前位患者中67.2%,盘前位患者中70.0%Di=0)。秩和检验结果表明TMJ临床表现、功能状况在正常组、髁突移位组、关节盘移位组间分布差别无统计学意义。结论安氏Ⅱ1错儿童TMJ存在罹患颞下颌关节紊乱(TMD)风险但临床表现轻微多属无症状期。MRI能为TMD的早期诊断提供可靠依据。     

颞下颌关节紊乱病关节盘前后界限改变的核磁共振定位研究

目的:通过对关节盘前后界限的测定,确定颞下颌关节紊乱病患者关节盘移位改变的情况,探讨其临床意义.材料与方法:16例经临床确诊为颞下颌关节紊乱病患者行颞下颌关节(TMJ)的核磁共振(MRI)检查与13例正常人的MRI影像进行对比分析.结果:T1图像矢状位时,在TMD组,关节盘前缘位于关节结节最低点垂直线前约0.43mm,而正常组则位于其前约0.13mm,两组间差异无统计学意义,闭口位时在TMD组关节盘后缘与双板区交界处约位于关节四中心垂直线81°处,而正常组则位于其93.31°处,两组间有统计学差异.结论:TMD组在闭口位时,关节盘均可有明显的前移,但前缘前移变化不大,这与关节盘形态改变状况一样均为颞下颌关节紊乱病的重要指征.     

安氏Ⅲ类错(牙合)正畸前后颞下颌关节形态变化的研究

目的探讨骨性和功能性Ⅲ类错(牙合)在正畸前、后颞下颌关节形态变化与颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)之间的关系.方法利用矫正薛氏位X线片在正畸前后对Ⅲ类骨性错(牙合)正畸前19例和正畸后11例、功能性错(牙合)正畸前20例和正畸后18例的双侧颞下颌关节的髁突居关节窝中的位置(前移、居中、后移),从上述两类错(牙合)患者中各选5例做双侧颞下颌关节矢状位核磁共振扫描,观察正畸前、后关节盘的位置及形态变化.结果正畸前Ⅲ类功能性和骨性错(牙合)髁突居关节窝前位;正畸后Ⅲ类功能性错(牙合)髁突居关节窝中位,Ⅲ类骨性错(牙合)髁突仍居关节窝前位.正畸前、后功能性Ⅲ类错(牙合)关节盘位置及形态均基本正常;Ⅲ类骨性错(牙合)正畸后有少部分患者髁突明显前移,关节盘形态异常.结论正畸前后功能性Ⅲ类错(牙合)颞下颌关节结构基本正常,与TMD关系不密切;骨性Ⅲ类错(牙合)正畸后关节结构表现出异常,提示与TMD有关,对于已过生长期的Ⅲ类骨性错(牙合)不能单纯考虑正畸治疗.     

安氏Ⅱ类错正畸前后颞下颌关节形态变化的研究

通过研究安氏 1和 2错在正畸前、后颞下颌关节形态变化情况探讨这两类错与颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)之间的关系。利用矫正薛氏位 X线片在正畸前对 1错 16人和正畸后其中 14人及 2错正畸前 17人和正畸后其中 15人双侧颞下颌关节髁突居关节窝的位置进行评价 ;并依据正畸前患者髁突居关节窝中的位置 (前移、居中、后移 )从上述两类错患者中各选 5人做双侧颞下颌关节矢状位核磁共振扫描 ,观察正畸前后关节盘的位置及形态变化。正畸前后 1错髁突居关节窝中位置无明显变化 :为髁突居中位 ,但有前移倾向。 2错正畸前髁突居关节窝后位 ,正畸后变为居中位。正畸前后 1错关节盘位置和形态基本没变化 ,均基本正常 ,而 2错部分患者在正畸前关节盘位置和形态异常经正畸治疗后关节盘位置和形态恢复正常。安氏 1错与 TMD关系不密切 ,而 2错与 TMD关系密切。对 2错尽早进行正畸治疗 ,可以防治 TMD的发生和发展。     

肌激动器治疗前后关节盘矢状位置与颞下颌关节临床症状和体征的关系

目的 探讨功能矫治中关节盘矢状位置对颞下颌关节临床功能的影响.方法 选择20个AngleⅡ1错(牙合)患者,采用Activator功能矫治器治疗.用MRI检查治疗前后关节盘位置, Helkimo指数评价功能矫形前后的颞下颌关节功能.探讨治疗前后关节盘位置的改变及其与颞下颌关节症状之间的关系.结果 治疗前关节盘位置正常者,治疗后临床检查指数有下降趋势;治疗前关节盘前移位者,治疗后临床检查指数升高.结论 功能矫形虽然不会导致关节盘前移位的发生,但对于治疗前已经存在关节盘前移位者,治疗后可能会引发或加重其TMD症状和体征.     

Herbst矫治器治疗与颞下颌关节改建

本文综述了使用Herbst矫治器对颞下颌关节(TMJ)的髁突、关节窝和关节盘的影响,并探讨了使用Herbst矫治器是否会导致颞下颌关节紊乱(TMD)的问题。这有利于正畸医生正确理解功能性矫治器与TMJ的关系,以指导选择矫治时机和适应证。     

安氏Ⅲ类错正畸前后颞下颌关节形态变化的研究

目的　探讨骨性和功能性Ⅲ类错牙合在正畸前、后颞下颌关节形态变化与颞下颌关节紊乱病 (TMD)之间的关系。方法　利用矫正薛氏位X线片在正畸前后对Ⅲ类骨性错牙合正畸前 19例和正畸后 11例、功能性错牙合正畸前 2 0例和正畸后 18例的双侧颞下颌关节的髁突居关节窝中的位置 (前移、居中、后移 ) ,从上述两类错牙合患者中各选 5例做双侧颞下颌关节矢状位核磁共振扫描 ,观察正畸前、后关节盘的位置及形态变化。结果　正畸前Ⅲ类功能性和骨性错牙合髁突居关节窝前位 ;正畸后Ⅲ类功能性错牙合髁突居关节窝中位 ,Ⅲ类骨性错牙合髁突仍居关节窝前位。正畸前、后功能性Ⅲ类错牙合关节盘位置及形态均基本正常 ;Ⅲ类骨性错牙合正畸后有少部分患者髁突明显前移 ,关节盘形态异常。结论　正畸前后功能性Ⅲ类错牙合颞下颌关节结构基本正常 ,与TMD关系不密切 ;骨性Ⅲ类错牙合正畸后关节结构表现出异常 ,提示与TMD有关 ,对于已过生长期的Ⅲ类骨性错牙合不能单纯考虑正畸治疗     

错(牙合)矫治治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病临床疗效分析

目的分析并评价矫治错(牙合)同时治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的临床效果.方法采用直丝弓技术矫治各种错(牙合)畸形伴TMD患者42例,详细记录治疗前、治疗6个月、治疗结束、治疗结束后2年的牙(牙合)情况及TMD症状、体征变化、颞下颌关节(TMJ)X线片情况.结果 30例患者TMD症状及体征基本痊愈,占71.4%;好转7例,占16.7%;无效或加重5例,占11.9%.结论错(牙合)畸形伴TMD的年轻患者经正畸矫治可以恢复咬合或作(牙合)重建,建立(牙合)平衡,使颞下颌关节、下颌回复到正常解剖位置.但已经发生器质性损害或TMJ解剖结构不对称的患者,治疗效果有待于进一步观察.     

BSSRO后退矫正下颌发育过度对颞下颌关节的影响

目的：采用MRI影像学方法,研究成人骨性Ⅲ类错畸形（简称Ⅲ类畸形）正畸正颌联合治疗后颞下颌关节（TMJ）的盘突关系的空间位置变化。方法：24例下颌发育过度的Ⅲ类畸形患者,采用正畸治疗及双侧下颌支矢状劈开后退术（BSSRO）,分别在术前和术后6个月进行MRI检测、头颅定位侧位片以及关节症状记录,比较矫正前后关节症状、关节盘长度以及移位量的变化。采用SPSS11.0软件包进行配对t检验。结果：矫正前有关节弹响的患者3例6侧髁突中,矫正后弹响消失1侧;矫正前关节区有疼痛1例,手术后3个月疼痛消失,术后半年疼痛症状重新出现;治疗前未发现有关节症状者20例,矫正后也未发生。48个关节盘长度测量,矫正前关节盘长度最大12.928mm,最小3.040mm,均数为8.288mm;矫正后关节盘长度最大11.589mm,最小3.699mm,均数为8.097mm。2组均数自身比较,无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。关节盘移位测量结果：矫正前关节盘位置最大前移6.090mm,均数为1.383mm;矫正后关节盘位置最大前移11.931mm,均数为2.193mm。2组均数自身比较,无显著性差异（P〉0.05）。结论：骨性Ⅲ错畸形可以被正畸正颌联合治疗良好地矫正,达到面形美观和最大牙尖咬合位的效果。正畸正颌联合治疗、下颌骨BSSRO未引起关节盘明显移位和关节盘长度明显改变,但是也未发现正颌正畸联合治疗对TMJ症状有明显的改善作用。     

错(牙合)矫治治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病临床疗效分析

目的 分析并评价矫治错He同时治疗颞下颌关节紊乱病(TMD)的临床效果。方法 采用直丝弓技术矫治各种错He畸形伴TMD患者42例，详细记录治疗前、治疗6个月、治疗结束、治疗结束后2年的牙He情况及TMD症状、体征变化、颞下颌关节(TMJ)X线片情况。结果 30例患者TMD症状及体征基本痊愈，占71．4％；好转7例，占16．7％；无效或加重5例，占11．9％。结论 错He畸形伴TMD的年轻患者经正畸矫治可以恢复咬合或作He重建，建立He平衡，使颞下颌关节、下颌回复到正常解剖位置。但已经发生器质性损害或TMJ解剖结构不对称的患者，治疗效果有待于进一步观察。     

Oral cancer: molecular technologies for risk assessment and diagnosis

Purpose: The effective biomarkers related to diagnosis, metastasis, drug resistance and irradiation sensitivity of oral cancers will help the pathologist and oncologist to determine the molecular taxonomy diagnosis and design the individualization treatment for the patients with oral cancers.     

Stimulated whole saliva components in children with Down syndrome

The authors report on the components of stimulated whole saliva from children with Down syndrome—including pH, flow rate, sialic acid and protein concentrations, and amylase and peroxidase activity. Saliva samples were collected from 35 children aged 6–10 years. Of the participants, 17 had Down syndrome and 18 did not. To stimulate saliva production, the children chewed a piece of parafilm for 10 minutes before the sample was collected. Soon after collecting the saliva sample, the authors measured pH using a portable pH-meter. Sialic acid levels were determined with a thiobarbituric acid assay. Protein content was determined with Folin's phenol reagent. Amylase was assayed and the authors measured the maltose produced by the breakdown of starch and peroxidase using ortho-dianisidine.
No statistically significant difference was observed in levels of sialic acid (free and total) between the two groups. Protein concentration was about 36% higher in the group with Down syndrome. However, the salivary flow rate, pH, and amylase and peroxidase activities were lower among the children with Down syndrome.     

Clinical and pathological aspects on some odontogenic tumors

Odontogenic tumors constitute a very diverse group of lesions that reflects the complex processes of odontogenesis. Controversies over their classification/subtyping, terminology and diagnosis have been persisted, which has direct bearings on therapeutic and/or prognostic implications.     

柠檬精油对牙周致病菌抑制作用及其安全性初步研究

目的:探讨柠檬精油对牙周致病菌的体外抗菌活性及对细胞增殖的影响。方法:采用微量液体稀释法测定柠檬精油对Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的最小抑菌浓度(minimal inhibitory concentration,MIC)及最小杀菌浓度(minimum bactericidal concentration,MBC);以较低浓度的MIC为标准稀释LEO作为实验组,采用MTT法测定柠檬精油对HUVECs的毒性作用,明确抑菌浓度下LEO的安全性。结果:柠檬精油对牙周主要致病菌均有抑菌作用,Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi的MIC分别是9.0 g/L、4.5 g/L、4.5 g/L、9.0 g/L,Aa、Fn的 MBC是9.0 g/L,Pg、Pi的MBC未测得。1/2MIC、1/20MIC浓度的LEO能够抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长,而低于1/200MIC浓度的LEO则对人脐静脉内皮细胞的生长没有影响,其中1/200MIC浓度的LEO作用明显优于0.02%的CHX。结论:体外环境中,柠檬精油对牙周致病菌Pg、Fn、Aa、Pi具有抗菌活性,低浓度应用对机体相对安全。     

牙髓再生的研究现状

目前,根管治疗术在临床上已得到了广泛的应用并成功的保存了患牙,但其仍有许多术后并发症。随着组织工程技术在口腔领域的应用,构建一种组织工程化牙髓进行牙髓-牙本质复合体的再生治疗成为可能。近年来国内外已有很多关于牙髓再生的研究,并且已经取得了一定成果。本文将对目前国内外牙髓再生的研究进展现状作一综述。     

Computer-assisted planning for maxillofacial prosthodontic rehabilitation

Computerized tomography (CT) planning and the use of CT derived surgical templates for implant placement have shown promise for restoring function within months after surgical reconstruction of acquired post-oncologic defects.     

Effect of Pingyangmycin on human venous malformation endothelial cells

Purpose: Venous malformations are common vascular anomalies with a propensity of the head and neck. Intralesional injection of Pingyangmycin (PYM, bleomycin A5 hydrochloride) is a widely used sclerotherapy method for the treatment of venous malformation.     

Can you be too old for oral implants? An update on ageing and plasticity in the oro‐facial sensorimotor system

This review focuses on the capacity of the brain for plasticity and the utility and efficacy of oral implants in helping to restore oro‐facial sensorimotor functions, especially in elderly patients. The review first outlines the components of the oro‐facial sensorimotor system which encompasses both oro‐facial tissues and a number of brain regions. One such region is the sensorimotor cortex that controls the activity of the numerous oro‐facial skeletal muscles. These muscles are involved in a number of functions including reflexes and the more complex sensorimotor functions of mastication, swallowing and speech. The review outlines the use by the brain of sensory inputs from oro‐facial receptors in order to provide for exquisite sensorimotor control of the activity of the oro‐facial muscles. It highlights the role in this sensorimotor control played by periodontal mechanoreceptors and their sensory inputs to the brain, and how oral implants in concert with the plastic capacity of the brain may, at least in part, compensate for reduced sensorimotor functioning when teeth are lost. It outlines findings of ageing‐related decrements in oro‐facial sensorimotor functions and control. The changes in oro‐facial tissues and the brain that underlie these ageing‐related functional alterations are also considered, along with adaptive and compensatory processes that utilise the brain's capacity for plasticity. The review also notes the evidence t hat rehabilitation that incorporates adjunctive approaches such as sensorimotor training paradigms in addition to oral prostheses such as implants may enhance these processes and help maintain or facilitate recovery of sensorimotor functioning in the elderly.     

Tumor microenvironment in oral cancer: novel approaches for immunotherapy

Squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN), which arises from the squamous mucosal epithelium of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx, is a major health problem in the US and other parts of the world, especially in developing countries.