水利工程三维仿真系统的设计与实现

为动态显示一项大型水利工程的各类信息.并对该工程方案进行科学选比,本文采用基于SRTM数据建模、三维场景驱动管理系统的方法.设计并建立了三维虚拟仿真系统,实现了三维漫游、水域仿真、信息查询等功能.结果表明该系统可取得较好的三维显示效果,对该方案起到了整体说明及优化设计等辅助决策作用.     

SolidWorks在产品一体化设计中的应用

一、前言 在整个产品设计过程中采用了三维设计软件SolidWorks 2004,从方案设计到零件和装配体建模,再到工程图的出图,以及之后进行的方案修改和复核复算,运用到了SolidWorks2004许多高级功能和丰富的插件,采用了同一个三维实体模型即最终方案设计模型来完成设计目的,确保了设计的精确性.     

快速实现三维虚拟校园开发的方案与实践

三维虚拟校园开发对于校园数字化建设具有重要意义。本文提出一种基于3DStudioMax和Virtual Reality Platform技术相结合的三维虚拟校园建设方案。通过三维建模、纹理贴图、渲染烘焙、交互设计等技术操作,实现校园景观仿真、校园导航和交互查询等功能。实践的结果表明,采用该组合方案可以良好地实现实体景观三维虚拟展示。     

“自上而下”的叉车整机三维建模方法研究

本文根据合力系列模块化叉车产品的实际三维模型设计过程,提出采用"自上而下"的方法进行叉车整机三维模型的设计,研究了叉车整机三维设计过程的经验和注意事项,并举例说明在叉车设计中如何贯彻"自上而下"的三维建模方法,对提高叉车设计工作的效率和质量都具有一定的意义。     

基于重力坝三维设计的CAD动态交互系统开发

为了在可研阶段合理、快速地制定重力坝设计方案,减少设计周期和成本,采用极限状态设计的方法,利用VB 6.0可视化编程工具开发出了一套能够与CAD动态交互的重力坝三维设计系统。该系统通过对Auto-CAD的二次开发实现了重力坝的三维参数化建模,并对所建三维模型进行结构计算,将设计与计算紧密结合,通过动态交互简化了大量复杂数据的计算,达到精确、快速完成断面设计的目的。经实践检验证明,该系统大大提高了断面设计效率,实用性强,对可研阶段的方案比选具有重大意义。     

机场净空区CAD系统设计

针对机场净空区设计、计算以及人工出图工作繁重等问题,在三维地形模型的基础上提出机场净空区设计专用CAD系统的功能框架,采用参数化设计方法开发相应的集成CAD系统．采用ARX（AutoCAD Runtimee Xtension）和VC＋＋对AutoCAD进行二次开发,在AutoCAD中实现该专用CAD系统的各项重要功能,给出三维地形三角网格的数据结构以及净空区各限制面的建模方法;通过构建和比较分析机场实地三维模型和机场净空立体模型,直观地显示出机场净空障碍物的分布,自动生成包含净空区地形的平面图和剖面图．某机场的实例表明,该专用CAD系统可简化繁重的计算和出图工作,对促进机场净空区设计具有参考价值．     

面向三维实体建模的MEMS设计方法

根据"所见即所得"的设计理念,提出了一种面向三维实体建模的MEMS设计方法,实现了从三维实体到系统级模型或工艺版图的设计流程,使设计者可以首先直接建立器件的三维实体模型,在完成有限元分析后,可以通过组件映射和宏模型提取的方式获得系统级模型,再通过自动版图转换得到相应的工艺版图.此设计方法可以提高设计效率,并且保证了模型...     

个性化服装款式三维设计与演示系统设计

本文使用UML建模技术,综合面向对象的设计思想,采用“核心→边缘”、“主干→细化”的螺旋式功能设计方式,针对个性化服装款式三维设计与演示系统涉及的参数化人体建模、二维／三维交互式设计、服装动画演示等模块功能,设计了具有清晰层次性的系统功能体系。在框架设计上把系统分为界面层与内核层,保证所设计的软件系统拥有灵活的可扩充性。上述设计思想为随后的程序实现奠定了良好的基础。     

基于三维实体造型的现代工程制图研究性学习设计

本文探讨了开展以三维实体造型为核心的现代工程制图研究性学习必要性,设计了"形体构造分析"、"调查典型零件"以及"产品创新设计"三个研究性学习方案,期望能有效地提高学生的学习质量和效率,促进学生解决问题能力和创新思维能力的发展。     

基于虚拟现实的城市规划三维仿真设计系统

传统的规划设计CAD系统的三维功能很弱,难以进行空间关系分析和效果表达;而现有的城市仿真系统不具备规划设计能力,不能应用到规划设计过程中.结合CAD、3D、VR技术开发了一套规划仿真设计系统,,采用了基于专业对象的三维建模技术和虚拟现实技术,实现了二维设计过程中的规划设计对象的自动三维建模以及实时进行三维设计场景的虚拟呈现.结果表明,系统能极大地提高设计效率,能很好地进行空间关系分析,优化设计方案,并能通过虚拟场景以及系统输出的效果图和三维动画很好地表达设计意图,从而将城市规划设计技术从二维图纸阶段提升到三维仿真设计阶段.     

General design method for three-dimensional displays with horizontally asymmetric pixel structures

Various 3D displays have been proposed to show realistic and vivid 3D images. Moreover, 3D displays have been applied in various fields including medicine, entertainment, and advertising. Depending on the application, 3D displays have different pixel structures and sizes. In this paper, we present a 3D-display design method that can be applied regardless of the pixel structure and display sizes. The area of the designable 3D display is suggested by the improved 3D image quality. The manufactured displays are used to verify the proposed method. Furthermore, a light field simulation is performed to confirm the area that was not proven by the manufactured displays. With the proposed 3D image-quality model and 3D image simulation by the light field representation, a general design of 3D displays with various pixel structures can be developed.     

Feature based 3D garment design through 2D sketches

This paper presents a new approach for intuitively modeling a three-dimensional (3D) garment around a 3D human model by two-dimensional (2D) sketches input. Our approach is feature based—every human model has pre-defined features, and the constructed garments are related to the features on human models. Firstly, a feature template for creating a customized 3D garment is defined according to the features on a human model; secondly, the profiles of the 3D garment are specified through 2D sketches; finally, a smooth mesh surface interpolating the specified profiles is constructed by a modified variational subdivision scheme. The resulting mesh surface can be cut and flattened into 2D patterns to be manufactured. Our approach provides a 3D design tool to create garment patterns directly in the 3D space through 2D strokes, which is a characteristic not available in other computer aided garment design systems. The constructed garment patterns are related to the features on a human model, so the patterns can be regenerated automatically when creating the same style of garment for other human models. Our technique can greatly improve the efficiency and the quality of pattern making in the garment industry.     

交互式三维虚拟校园的设计

文章应用图像处理和计算机图形学的知识，基于3DS Max和Cult3D软件平台，提出了一种交互式三维虚拟现实系统的设计方案。文章重点介绍了基于3DSMax的模型制作过程和基于Cult3D的交互功能设计过程，并以宁波大学为例完成了一个交互式三维虚拟校园的设计，取得了较好的实时性、交互性和良好的视觉效果。     

The design and realization of CoViD: a system for collaborative virtual 3D design

Many important decisions in the design process are made during fairly early on, after designers have presented initial concepts. In many domains, these concepts are already realized as 3D digital models. Then, in a meeting, the stakeholders for the project get together and evaluate these potential solutions. Frequently, the participants in this meeting want to interactively modify the proposed 3D designs to explore the design space better. Today’s systems and tools do not support this, as computer systems typically support only a single user and computer-aided design tools require significant training. This paper presents the design of a new system to facilitate a collaborative 3D design process. First, we discuss a set of guidelines which have been introduced by others and that are relevant to collaborative 3D design systems. Then, we introduce the new system, which consists of two main parts. The first part is an easy-to-use conceptual 3D design tool that can be used productively even by naive users. The tool provides novel interaction techniques that support important properties of conceptual design. The user interface is non-obtrusive, easy-to-learn, and supports rapid creation and modification of 3D models. The second part is a novel infrastructure for collaborative work, which offers an interactive table and several large interactive displays in a semi-immersive setup. It is designed to support multiple users working together. This infrastructure also includes novel pointing devices that work both as a stylus and a remote pointing device. The combination of the (modified) design tool with the collaborative infrastructure forms a new platform for collaborative virtual 3D design. Then, we present an evaluation of the system against the guidelines for collaborative 3D design. Finally, we present results of a preliminary user study, which asked naive users to collaborate in a 3D design task on the new system.     

Reactive 2D/3D garment pattern design modification

This paper presents a new 3D garment simulation result update algorithm for the 2D garment pattern design modification. The proposed algorithm enables the 3D garment fitting simulation result directly to react to the modification in the 2D patterns. The algorithm performs a topological invariant deformation of the 2D pattern mesh after the boundary of the 2D pattern undergoes a topological consistent modification. The length of each of the edges in the mesh defined as the equilibrium state parameter is updated and then directly used in the 3D garment fitting simulation to update the original simulation result. The advantage of the proposed algorithm is that the mesh topology of the 2D garment pattern is preserved and thus simplifies the numerical scheme by maintaining the consistency of the matrix equation. With this approach, the 3D garment fitting simulation does not need to repeat the entire simulation for every modification and can react to the 2D pattern modification efficiently and speedily.     

Cognitive evaluation for conceptual design: cognitive role of a 3D sculpture tool in the design thinking process

ABSTRACT

This study focuses on the decisive role played by the digital design environment in the cognitive design process and design thinking. To analyse the cognitive role of digital design tools, we carried out a protocol analysis of conventional design sketching and a 3D sculpture tool. Cognitive evaluation was a differentiating factor when considering the contextual role of the 3D sculpture tool in subsequent evaluations, non-sequential evaluations for conversion, and passive approaches within the design process. Cognitive evaluation played the following roles: validation, extension, navigation, exploration, and confirmation. The navigation, exploration, and extension roles played by non-sequential evaluation were mainly related to inductive design thinking. Finally, the types of cognitive evaluation and their roles when using the 3D sculpture tool were different, according to the design thinking type. This study explored the multidimensional roles of cognitive evaluation using a 3D sculpture tool and its relationship with design thinking types.     

Evaluating the effect of interactions between appearance-related product designs and facial characteristics on social affectivity

For products that can improve the appearance of the user, such as facial accessories, both the characteristics of the product user and design features must be considered in design evaluation. This paper proposes an experimental evaluation scheme that investigates the interactions between the design features of 3D eyeglasses frames and user facial characteristics. Face models of users containing both geometric and image data were constructed using 3D scanning. A face deformation method was developed to manipulate individual facial features without changing the other features on the face models. In the evaluation scheme, participants judged synthetic faces, which had varied eye distances and orientations and were wearing factorized eyeglasses frames, according to three affective measures related to the personality attributes of confidence, friendliness, and attractiveness. The experimental results show that changing certain design features influences the impressions of the face models with varied facial characteristics. The proposed scheme facilitates designing products that strengthen the impression of specific personality traits by accommodating individual differences in facial features.Relevance to industryThe evaluation scheme proposed in this paper facilitates designing products that strengthen the impression of specific personality traits by accommodating individual differences in facial features. By the scheme, companies can create products and services that satisfy individual customer requirements of personalized design.     

工业建筑预埋件三维快速装配设计方法

当前工业建筑结构预埋件设计主要采用二维CAD 软件,效率较低且容易 出错。为此提出基于广义参数化模板的三维预埋件快速装配设计方法。该方法建立包含三维 参数化形状结构、安装定位方式和二维投影简图等各种信息的预埋件广义参数化模板;通过 构建预埋件参数化模板库,采用基于历史的装配设计技术,实现预埋件的快速安装设计。该 文方法已经集成到商品化工业建筑结构三维CAD 软件InteRDS 中,并在实际工程设计中得 到应用。     

A system for desktop conceptual 3D design

In the traditional design process for a 3D environment, people usually depict a rough prototype to verify their ideas, and iteratively modify its configuration until they are satisfied with the general layout. In this activity, one of the main operations is the rearrangement of single and composite parts of a scene. With current desktop virtual reality (VR) systems, the selection and manipulation of arbitrary objects in 3D is still difficult. In this work, we present new and efficient techniques that allow even novice users to perform meaningful rearrangement tasks with traditional input devices. The results of our work show that the presented techniques can be mastered quickly and enable users to perform complex tasks on composite objects. Moreover, the system is easy to learn, supports creativity, and is fun to use.