Decoioration and mineralization of yeast wastewater by using Ce-Fe/Al2O3 as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst

Decoloration and mineralization of yeast wastewater were investigated by using Ce-Fe/Al2O3 as a heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst in fluidized bed reactor in order to solve the problem of yeast wastewater discharge. The experimental results were assessed in terms of total organic carbon（TOC） reduction. The operational and reaction conditions affecting the efficiencies of TOC removal such as initial pH value, H2O2 concentration, catalyst loading and UV power were studied. The results show that TOC is reduced from 347.6 mg/L to 10.8 mg/L, color is changed from 500 units to 0 under the conditions as follows： initial pH value 6. 0, H2O2 concentration of 1. 000 g/L, catalyst loading of 5 g/L, reaction duration of 120 rain and reaction temperature of 30 ℃. The irradiated Ce-Fe/Al2O3 catalyst was complexed with 1,10-phenanthroline and then it was subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy to confirm the formation of Fe（Ⅱ） in the solid state. Heterogeneous photo-Fenton reaction proves to be effective for the treatment of yeast wastewater.     

Al2O3-SiC-SiAlON复合材料的制备和性能

以电熔白刚玉、α-Al2O3微粉、Si粉和矾土基β-SiAlON粉为原料,以树脂为结合剂,制备了复合材料试样.研究了1 500℃烧后试样的物相组成、显微结构以及常温物理性能、高温抗折强度和抗热震性.结果表明:(1)在刚玉中引入适量Si粉高温埋碳条件下可合成Al2O3-SiC-SiAlON复合材料,引入适量β-SiAlON可促进Si反应,且复合材料1 500℃烧结良好;(2)复合材料的高温抗折强度和抗热震性随Si粉加入量增加而提高,加入β-SiAlON后材料的高温机械性能进一步提高;(3)材料高温机械性能提高的原因在于Si粉在高温下与C、CO和N2反应生成晶须状或纤维状SiC和絮状O’-SiAlON填充气孔,形成交叉连锁的网络结构,对材料起增强和增韧作用.     

Al2O3 coating for improving thermal stability performance of manganese spinel battery

The synthesis of Al₂O₃-coated and uncoated LiMn₂O₄ by solid-state method and fabrication of LiMn₂O₄/graphite battery were described. The structure and morphology of the powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The electrochemical and overcharge performances of Al₂O₃-coated and uncoated LiMn₂O₄ batteries were investigated and compared. The uncoated LiMn₂O₄ battery shows capacity loss of 16.5% after 200 cycles, and the coated LiMn₂O₄ battery only shows 12.5% after 200 cycles. The uncoated LiMn₂O₄ battery explodes and creates carbon, MnO, and Li₂CO₃ after 3C/10 V overcharged test, while the coated LiMn₂O₄ battery passes the test. The steadier structure, polarization of electrode and modified layer are responsible for the safety performance.     

Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of lead borosilicate glass ceramics with Al2O3

The effects of Al₂O₃ addition on both the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass ceramics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscope (FTIR), differential thermal analysis (DTA), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that with the increase of Al₂O₃ content the bands assigned to [SiO₄] nearly disappear. Aluminum replaces silicon in the glass network, which is helpful for the formation of boron-oxygen rings. The increase of the transition temperature T _g and softening temperature T _f of PbO-B₂O₃-SiO₂ glass ceramics leads to the increase of liquid phase precipitation temperature and promotes the structure stability in the glasses, and consequently contributes to the decreasing trend of crystallization. Densification and dielectric constants increase with the increase of Al₂O₃ content, but the dielectric loss is worsened. By contrast, the 3% (mass fraction) Al₂O₃-doped glass ceramics sintered at 725 °C have better properties of density ρ=2.72 g/cm³, dielectric constant ɛ _r =6.78, dielectric loss tan δ=2.6×10⁻³ (measured at 9.8 GHz), which suggest that the glass ceramics can be applied in multilayer microwave devices requiring low sintering temperatures.     

Au/Al2O3催化剂上环己烷氧化

针对金催化剂制备过程的复杂性和氯离子残留问题,介绍一种负载型金催化剂Au/Al2O3的制备方法和考察该催化剂在环己烷氧化中的催化性能.采用浸渍-氨洗法制备Au/Al2O3催化剂,并应用电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)、X射线衍射(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)对其进行表征.以氧气氧化环己烷制备环己酮和环己醇为研究对象,考察金质量分数、反应温度、压力、时间等因素对催化活性的影响.结果表明,随着金质量分数增加,金颗粒增大,催化剂的活性降低,在150℃、1.5MPa条件下反应3h,Au实际质量分数为0.58%的Au/Al2O3催化剂上环己烷转化率为8.96%,环己酮、环己醇和环己基过氧化氢三者的总选择性为93.52%.此外,循环实验表明Au/Al2O3催化剂具有一定的稳定性.     

Finite element and experimental analysis of Vickers indentation testing on Al2O3 with diamond-like carbon coating

Numerical simulation and experimental study of the Vickers indentation testing of the Al₂O₃ ceramic coated by diamond-like carbon (DLC) layer were conducted. The numerical analysis was implemented by a two-dimensional finite element (FE) axis symmetry model. FE analysis results gave insight into the fracture mechanism of DLC films coated on brittle ceramic (Al₂O₃) substrates. The maximum principal stress field was used to locate the most expected area for crack formation and propagation during the Vickers indentation testing. The results show that the median crack initiates in the interface under indenter, before ring crack occurs as the indenter presses down. Finally, the plastic deformation appears when the indenter penetrates into the substrate. The thicker DLC coating increases the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness.     

NiCoCrAlY/Al_2O_3-13%TiO_2复合涂层的耐锌铝腐蚀性

为了解决热镀锌铝工艺中沉没辊受到熔融锌铝液腐蚀的问题,采用超音速火焰喷涂技术在316L基体上制备了NiCoCrAlY粘结层,并利用等离子喷涂技术制备了NiCoCrAlY/Al_2O_3-13%TiO_2复合涂层.结果表明,复合涂层界面处的热膨胀系数突变减缓,使得界面处的应力集中减少,从而对裂纹扩展起到延缓和抑制作用,因而复合涂层的抗裂性能增强.复合涂层在锌铝液中的使用寿命可以达到9 d,高于传统Al_2O_3-13%TiO_2涂层.复合涂层的结合强度也高于传统Al_2O_3-13%TiO_2涂层,但复合涂层的最终失效形式依然是由两种材料的热胀系数不匹配所导致的涂层开裂.     

复合吸附剂CaO/Al2O3对CO2吸附性能的研究-研究生论坛

采用过量浸渍法制备了不同质量分数的复合吸附剂CaO/Al2O3,并采用CO2-TPD、低温氮气吸附脱附、XRD以及FT-IR等方法对吸附剂的结构进行了表征。采用容量法测定了吸附剂在25 oC和70 oC条件下的吸附性能。结果表明,CO2在与吸附剂的作用过程中形成了CaCO3;在吸附温度为70 oC、压力为1.0 MPa的条件下,当CaO的负载量为5wt.%时,复合吸附剂的吸附效果最好,吸附量为36.45 mg/g。用D-R模型计算了复合吸附剂的吸附热,用Clausius-Clapeyron方程研究了复合吸附剂吸附过程的吸附焓变与覆盖度的关系。结果表明,复合吸附剂的吸附热随着CaO掺杂量的增加而增加,而吸附过程的吸附焓变随着吸附质覆盖度的增加而降低。     

Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 glass ceramics with various B2O3 contents

The effects of B2O3 addition on both the sintering behavior and microwave dielectric properties of CaO-B2O3-SiO2 (CBS) glass ceramics were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The results show that the increasing amount of B2O3 causes the increase of the contents of [BO3],[BO4] and [SiO4],which deduces the increase of CaB2O4 and α-SiO2 and the decrease of CaSiO3 correspondingly.No new phase is observed throughout the...     

FeCl3/Al2O3催化氧化偶联2-萘酚制备1,1′-联-2-萘酚

以FeCl3／Al2O3为催化剂和空气为氧化剂多相催化氧化偶联2-萘酚制备1，1’-联-2-萘酚，通过对不同催化剂（FeCl3／Al2O3，FeCl3／SiO3，CuSO4／Al2O3和CuSO4／SiO2）的选择比较，考察了催化剂中活性组分负载量、催化剂用量、反应时间的影响以及催化剂使用寿命．确定了多相催化氧化偶联2-纂酚制备1，1’-联-2-萘酚的较佳工艺条件．在此工艺条件下，2-萘酚的转化率达999／6以上，1，1’-联-2-萘酚的选择性近100％．     

Ca1-3x/2Al2Si2O8:xEu3+荧光粉的发光和光温传感特性

为了探究稀土离子掺杂铝硅酸盐的光温特性,本文采用燃烧合成法制备了系列荧光粉材料Ca_1-3x/2Al₂Si₂O₈:xEu³⁺。X射线衍射结果表明掺杂Eu³⁺离子不会改变基质CaAl₂Si₂O₈的晶体结构。荧光光谱结果表明该荧光粉在近紫外光区域具有较强吸收,当被波长为393 nm的近紫外光激发后,其最大特征发射峰为611 nm,且Eu³⁺离子的最佳掺杂浓度为0.05。利用上升时间测温法研究了CaAl₂Si₂O₈:Eu³⁺荧光粉的光温传感特性,结果表明:随着Eu³⁺掺杂浓度的增加,上升时间单调递减,但当掺杂掺杂超过0.100时就会发生淬灭。Ca_0.985Al₂Si₂O₈:0.01Eu³⁺的相对灵敏度随温度的升高先增大后减小,并在520 K时达到最大值（0.024 K^-1）。上述研究表明该荧光粉具备优异的温度传感性能,在测温领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Eu3+浓度对Ca3Al2O6:Eu3+晶体结构和发光性能的影响

以β-丙氨酸和尿素为燃料,采用溶液燃烧法在低温450℃下合成制备了Ca3Al2O6:Eu3+荧光粉。样品的发射光谱由位于594 nm、617 nm、653 nm及700 nm处的4组线状峰构成,分别对应Eu3+的5D0→7Fj(j=1~4)特征跃迁,其中617 nm处的峰最强,样品呈现红色发光。考察了Eu3+掺杂浓度对晶体结构和发光性能的影响。结果呈示:随着掺杂浓度的增加晶格常数逐渐减小,[O—Al—O]的对称伸缩振动Raman峰蓝移;在低掺杂浓度时荧光强度逐渐增大,掺杂6%时达到最大,之后出现浓度猝灭现象,猝灭机制为交互作用;Eu3+的5D0→7F2与5D0→7F1跃迁强度比随着掺杂浓度的增加逐渐增大,掺杂的Eu3+主要取代处于非对称中心的Ca2+。     

Decoloration and mineralization of yeast wastewater by using Ce-Fe/Al_2O_3 as heterogeneous photo-Fenton catalyst

1 INTRODUCTIONIn the yeast manufacturingindustry ,there ex-ists an environmental problem that yeastwastewater discharge can not meet emission con-trol regulations .For yeast wastewater ,the reduc-tion of the organic load by biological process is ahard task due to the effluent s toxicity[1]. Apossi-ble strategy for overcoming this problemshould bethe use of chemical oxidation as a pre-treat mentstepin order toi mprove wastewater biodegradabili-ty .Such processes prove to be particularly ef…     

碳钢电极在Al_2O_3纳米流体中的腐蚀行为研究

采用电化学阻抗谱和极化曲线研究了碳钢电极在以模拟冷却水为基液的Al_2O_3纳米流体中的腐蚀行为.实验结果表明,Al_2O_3纳米颗粒对碳钢的腐蚀有一定的抑制作用;Al_2O_3纳米流体中碳钢电极的耐蚀性能随着温度的升高而降低,添加分散剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)对碳钢也有一定的缓蚀作用,当SDBS的用量超过一定值时,对碳钢的缓蚀性能开始下降.     

Antibiotic properties of Al2O3 doping silver

The preparation technique and properties of Ag-type inorganic antibiotic material carried by Al₂O₃ were studied. The results show that the material has good antibiotic and safety properties, the acute toxicity taken by stomata is LD ₅₀>8 000 mg/kg (little and big white rats), and the normal quantity in subacute toxicity test is 80 mg/(kg · d). The better mass fraction of doping Ag₂O in antibiotic material carried by Al₂O₃ is 4%–8%, and the optimal sintering temperature is from 1 000 °C to 1 100 °C. Foundation item: Project (2002AA327090) supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China     

SnO2及SnO2／Fe2O3复合微米材料的合成及表征

本文首先以SnCl2·2H2O为主要原料,无水乙醇为溶剂,利用溶剂热法于180℃反应24h得到了SnO2微球;再以所制备的SnO2微球为前驱体,FeCl3·6H2O为主要原料,通过水热法得到SnO2／Fe2O3复合材料．利用X射线粉末衍射仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对所得产物进行了表征．结果表明：所得的SnO2为四方锡石型,形貌为微球,平均直径约为2．0μm;复合后得到的SnO2／Fe2O3微球平均直径约为2．5μm．其中,Fe2O3为六方赤铁矿型,在复合物的表面以小颗粒的形式存在,尺寸约为200nm．另外,也对SnO3与SnO2／Fe2O3微球的形成过程进行了讨论．     

Electrodeposition of Ni-Co-Fe2O3 composite coatings

Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were electrodeposited using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB)-modified Watt’s nickel bath with Fe₂O₃ particles dispersed in it. The effects of the plating parameters on the chemical composition, structural and morphological characteristics of the electrodeposited Ni-Co-Fe₂O₃ composite coatings were investigated by energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results reveal that Fe₂O₃ particles can be codeposited in the Ni-Co matrix. The codeposition of Fe₂O₃ particles with Ni-Co is favoured at high Fe₂O₃ particle concentration and medium stirring, and the deposition of Co is favoured at high concentration of CTAB. Moreover, the study of the textural perfection of the deposits reveals that the presence of particles leads to the worsening of the quality of the observed 〈220〉 preferred orientation. Composites with high concentration of embedded particles exhibit a preferred crystal orientation of 〈111〉. The more the embedded Fe₂O₃ particles in the metallic matrix, the smaller the sizes of the crystallite for the composite deposits.     

Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂制备条件对其催化降解含聚丙烯酰胺废水活性的影响

以Fe2O3为活性组分,γ—Al2O3为载体,采用浸渍法制备了Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂,并将其用于催化降解模拟聚丙烯酰胺（PAM）废水考察了催化剂制备条件对催化活性的影响,得出最佳制备工艺条件为：以Fe（NO3）3水溶液为浸渍液、活性组分负载量20％、焙烧时间3h、焙烧温度500℃在温度为60℃、pH=7．0、催化剂加入量为2g／L,H2O2的质量浓度为0．6g／L的条件下对质量浓度为400mg／L聚丙烯酰胺废水进行降解,反应90min后废水中聚丙烯酰胺相对分子质量降解率最高可达90％以上,CODcr去除率达86％,显示出了较高的催化活性．Fe2O3／Al2O3催化剂经过多次重复使用,催化活性基本没有降低,使用寿命长．     

Effect of nucleating agents on microstructure and mechanical properties of SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glass-ceramics

SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 glasses with different nucleating agents were crystallized under special processing schedule. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the glass-ceramics in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and three-point bending method. The results show that ZrO2 is not an effective nucleating agent in SiO2-Al2O3-ZrO2 system, while TiO2 is effective for the separation of spinel, and P2O5 facilitates solubility of ZrO2 in glass and crystallization. The main crystalline phases of the glass-ceramics are spinel, anorthite and tetragonal zirconia. With the increase of ZrO2 content in the glass, glass-ceramics show higher bending strength （120 MPa） than others.     

Structure of Bi2O3-ZnO-B2O3 system low-melting sealing glass

Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system glass is a kind of lead-free low melting sealing glasses. The structure of Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system low-melting sealing glass was investigated by DSC, FT-IR, XRD and SEM. The results show that with the increase of B_2O_3 content, the transition temperature Tg and softening temperature T_f of Bi_2O_3-ZnO-B_2O_3 system low-melting sealing glasses increase, which leads to the liquid phase precipitation temperature increasing and promotes the structure stability in the glass. With increasing the heat treatment temperature, a large number of liquid phases appear in samples and the sinter efficiency of the samples increases. The FT-IR spectra of the glasses show the presence of some bands that are assigned to vibrations of Bi-O bond from [BO_3] pyramidal and [BiO_6] octahedral units and B-O from [BO_3] and [BO_4] units. With the decrease of B_2O_3 content, the crystallization tendency of the glass increases. In glass samples B_1 and B_2, crystallization starts at 460 ℃ and 540 ℃, respectively. Both of them precipitate Bi-(24)B_2O_(39) phases.