早期手术取栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成

１９９２年１月～１９９８年１月，我们采用手术取栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成（ＤＶＴ）１３例，疗效满意，现报告讨论如下。临床资料一般资料：男６例，女１７例，年龄２２～６７岁。病变在左下肢９例，右下肢４例。诱因：腹部手术后４例，分娩或剖腹产后各１例，因骨折石...     

介入手术与非手术治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成疗效比较

目的比较分析介入手术与非手术治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的效果。方法将本院收治的确诊为DVT的68例患者随机分为介入手术组与非手术组,每组各34例。手术组给予导管接触性溶栓,非手术组常规抗凝治疗,观察2组患者的临床疗效。结果手术组亚急性期患者治疗总有效率显著优于非手术组(P<0.05),2组数据差异存在统计学意义;而手术组急性期患者的总有效率与非手术组无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论 DVT的亚急性型期给予介入溶栓手术治疗,效果显著;DVT急性期患者,给予抗凝治疗与介入溶栓治疗的效果相当。     

下肢深静脉血栓形成——发生率、自然病程与取栓术

深静脉血栓形成(deep venous thrombosis, DVT)可以发生在深静脉各个部位,尤以下肢最常见.急性期,可因血栓脱落引起致死性或非致死性肺栓塞(pulmonary thromboembolism, PTE).     

经股静脉切开行下肢深静脉取栓术的安全性与易行性

目的探讨对急性期下肢深静脉血栓形成行股静脉切开取栓术的安全性与易行性。方法2003年6月～2006年8月对43例下肢深静脉急性血栓形成,急诊放置下腔静脉滤器行股静脉切开下肢深静脉取栓术,术后辅以抗凝、区域性溶栓。结果手术时间55～115 min,平均92.6 min。术中出血量100～1000 ml,平均384.6 ml,仅4例接受输血。术中5例发生一过性血压波动,很快恢复。术中及术后均无肺栓塞发生。术后5例发生腹股沟切口淋巴漏,均1周内愈合;1例老年患者卧床性肺炎,治疗后痊愈;无其他片发症发生。术后患肢肿痛缓解迅速,双下肢周径差值分别由术前的5.5 cm（中位数,膝上）、4.0 cm（中位数,小腿）降为1.5 cm（Z=-5.345,P=0.000）、1.0 cm（Z=-5.461,P=0.000）。32例随访6个月,未见血栓复发。结论经股静脉切开深静脉取栓术操作易行,安全,术后早期症状缓解明显。对于急性期累及髂股静脉的较严重的下肢深静脉血栓可以考虑手术取栓。     

取栓术与溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成的疗效对比分析

自 2 0 0 1年 3月至 2 0 0 4年 3月 ,我们共对 5 4例下肢深静脉血栓病人进行手术和溶栓治疗 ,对其疗效进行统计分析。现报道如下。1　临床资料患肢直接溶栓组 30例 ,男 14例 ,女 16例。年龄 19～6 3岁 ,平均 4 7 6岁。病程 5h至 7d ,平均 4 7d ,双下肢周径(大腿肿胀最明显处 )差 5 4～ 6 6cm。手术组共 2 4例 ,男13例 ,女 11例。年龄 15～ 5 9岁 ,平均 39 9岁。病程 11h至 7d ,平均 5 1d。双下肢周径 (大腿肿胀最明显处 )差 5 7～ 6 9cm。全部血栓形成的病因 :盆腹腔、下肢术后共 10例 ,长期卧床 5例 ,肿瘤 5例 ,不详 34例。方法 :(1)…     

急性混合型下肢深静脉血栓取栓与溶栓远期疗效分析

目的 比较手术取栓与系统溶栓对急性混合型下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的远期疗效.方法 回顾分析1991年9月至2005年6月的142例急性混合型DVT病例的临床资料.手术取栓77例,其中合并髂总静脉狭窄或闭塞49例,对于髂总静脉严重狭窄或闭塞者采取不同方法处理.手术后辅以区域性尿激酶溶栓、肝素抗凝治疗.系统溶栓65例,均系统性应用尿激酶、肝素.结果 治疗后2周,手术取栓组双下肢周径差由(4.3±2.2)cm降为(0.6±0.5)cm,系统溶栓组由(3.9±2.5)cm降为(1.6±0.9)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=-8.346,P=0.00).平均随访(49±42)个月,手术取栓组周径差降为(0.5±0.4)cm,系统溶栓组降为(1.4±1.3)cm(t=-5.764,P=0.00);手术取栓组水肿、色素沉着、溃疡等后遗症发生率分别为29.9%、15.6%、0%,低于系统溶栓组的50.8%、84.6%、6.2%(P＜0.05).彩超发现,手术取栓组静脉通畅率(89.6%)和瓣膜功能正常率(72.7%),均高于系统溶栓组(分别为30.8%、9.2%)(Z=-8.502,P=0.00).手术取栓组治愈率70.1%,高于系统溶栓组治愈率30.8%(Z=-4.740,P=0.00).手术组死亡率为3.9%,溶栓组无住院死亡率.结论 本组资料显示手术取栓对急性混合型DVT的疗效好于系统溶栓,尤其在保护静脉瓣膜功能方面明显优于系统溶栓;但手术创伤较大、有一定的死亡率.     

多种介入技术联合治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的:探讨多种介入技术联合治疗下肢深静脉血栓形成(LEDVT)的临床效果和应用价值。方法:回顾性分析911例急性LEDVT患者的临床资料,中央型423例单纯取栓,混合型275例取栓加动脉腔内留置导管溶栓,周围型166例单纯导管溶栓;其中中央型和混合型患者在取栓或取栓加腔内溶栓后,213例行经皮腔内血管成形术加支架置入。结果:介入治疗总有效率99.34%(905/911),平均住院7.5d。患肢肿胀、疼痛均于介入治疗后1～2 d内开始消退或减轻。37例并发肺动脉栓塞35例救治成功,2例抢救失败死亡。介入取栓及溶栓效果:Ⅰ级49.18%(448/911);Ⅱ级27.44%(250/911);Ⅲ级22.94%(209/911);IV级0.44%(4/911)。出院时健、患肢膝上、下15 cm处周径差为(1.34±1.07)cm和(0.93±0.52)cm,与入院时比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。疗效随访:术后12个月,优78.55%(714/909),良14.96%(136/909),中6.05%(55/909),差0.44%(4/909);术后36个月,优75.25%(681/905),良14.14%(128/905),中10.61%(96/905),差0。结论:多种介入技术联合治疗LEDVT,能尽早清除静脉腔内血栓,迅速恢复通畅的血流,缩短病程,更大程度上保存静脉瓣功能;创伤小,并发症少,近、中期疗效显著。     

急性下肢深静脉血栓手术取栓与介入取栓的疗效分析

目的 比较手术取栓与介入取栓治疗急性下肢深静脉血栓形成(DVT)的近、远期疗效.方法 回顾性分析2000年3月至2008年8月136例急性混合型和中心型DVT患者的临床资料.手术取栓组80例,其中男性30例,女性50例;年龄26-81岁,平均(58±14)岁.介入取栓组56例,其中男性25例,女性31例;年龄22～92岁,平均(57±17)岁.术后均局部应用尿激酶溶栓、肝素抗凝治疗,后期应用华法林抗凝6～12个月.结果 介入取栓组治疗后双大腿周径差小于手术取栓组[(0.8±1.3)cm比(1.5±1.7)cm,P=0.002],两组小腿周径差异无统计学意义[(0.7±1.1)cm比(1.0±1.1)cm,P=0.152].介入取栓组的平均住院时间少于手术取栓组[(7±4)d比(15 4-7)d,P=0.000].介入取栓组并发症发生率低于手术取栓组(8.9%比32.5%,P=0.000).108例获随访,随访率为79.4%.平均随访(46±29)个月,两组在大、小腿周径差、症状评分、色素沉着、静脉曲张、间歇性跛行及慢性溃疡的发生率等方面差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 介入取栓与手术取栓相比,远期疗效相当,近期疗效更佳,且住院时间短,并发症少.     

重症下肢深静脉血栓形成的治疗

下肢深静脉血栓形成是临床上常见的静脉回流障碍性疾病,严重而广泛的下肢静脉血栓形成(股青肿)较少.1995年7月-2002年7月,我院共收治股青肿29例,其中14例采取取栓手术治疗,疗效满意,现报告如下.     

急性下肢深静脉血栓手术取栓与介入取栓的疗效分析

Objective To study the short- and long-term results for acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremity treated by surgical thrombectomy and interventional thrombectomy. Methods One hundred and thirty-six acute DVT cases treated by surgical thrombectomy or interventional thrombectomy from March 2000 to August 2008 were reviewed. There were 80 patients treated by surgical thrombectomy. Among them, 30 cases were male, 50 cases were female, aged from 26 to 81 years with a mean of (58 ± 14 ) years. The other 56 cases were treated by interventional thrombectomy. Among them, 25 cases were male, 31 cases were female, aged from 22 to 92 years with a mean of (57 ±17) years. All the 136 patients received district anticoagulation with heparin and thrombolysis with urokinase after operation. Results After operation, the circumference difference between bilateral thigh in intervention group were less than that in surgical group [ (0. 8 ±1. 3) cm vs. ( 1. 5 ± 1. 7) cm, P =0.002]. The circumference difference of bilateral calf had no significant difference [(0. 7 ± 1. 1 ) cm vs. ( 1. 0 ±1. 1) cm, P = 0. 152]. The average hospital stay in intervention group was shorter than that in surgical group [(7±4) dm. (15±7) d, P =0. 000 ]. The morbidity of complications in intervention group was less than that in surgical group (8. 9% vs. 32. 5% , P -0. 000). One hundred and eight patients were followed up, who was 79.4% of the total patients, and were followed up for an average of (46 ± 29) months. The circumference difference of thigh and calf, the symptom grade, the pigmentation, varicose veins, intermittent claudication and ulceration between the two groups had no significant difference(P > 0. 05). Conclusion Compared with surgical group, intervention group has a better short-term effect, shorter hospital stays, less complications and similar long-term result.     

介入导管与外周静脉溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓

目的:对比评价介入导管溶栓与外周静脉溶栓治疗下肢深静脉血栓的疗效.方法:对88例深静脉血栓病例分别行介入导管溶栓(44例)和外周静脉溶栓(44例),观察治疗前后下肢周径变化、血管通率以及并发症的发生率.结果:两组治疗后下肢周径均有显著缩小;住期间、治疗后6个月、12个月血管通率,介入组优外周组(P<0.05);介入组出血并发症高外周组(P<0.01).结论:介入导管溶栓治疗外周静脉血栓具有血栓溶解率高、期通率高、操作简便、并发症少且可控等优点.     

Eversion Thrombectomy for Portal Vein Thrombosis During Liver Transplantation

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) has been seen as an obstacle to orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT), but recent data suggest that favorable results may be achieved in this group of patients. The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence, management, and survival of patients with PVT undergoing primary OLT with thrombectomy. Between October 1990 and August 2000, 468 liver transplantations were performed in our center and portal vein thrombosis was present in 38 patients (8.1%). Preoperative diagnosis, extension, intraoperative management, postoperative recurrence of portal vein thrombosis, and 1-year actuarial survival rates were retrospectively studied. Preoperative diagnosis was made in 17 cases (44.7%). In all patients, portal flow was restored after portal vein thrombectomy, followed by usual end-to-end portal anastomosis. All patients received preventive low-weight heparin from day 2 to hospital discharge, and then aspirin. Rethrombosis was observed in one patient with extended splanchnic thrombus. The 1-year actuarial patient survival rate was 83.7%, and did not significantly differ from the patients without portal vein thrombosis (86.7%). Our results suggest that portal vein thrombosis is often partial and thus difficult to diagnose preoperatively: it can be managed successfully during surgery by thrombectomy, except when there is complete splanchnic veins thrombosis; and it did not affect 1-year survival.     

急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的溶栓治疗分析(附126例报告)

目的探讨急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的溶栓治疗效果。方法回顾性分析我院1999年12月至2004年2月收治的126例急性下肢深静脉血栓形成患者非手术治疗的资料。结果临床治愈85例（67．5％），良好34例（27．0％），进步5例（4．0％），无效2例（1．6％），总有效率为98．4％（124／126）。结论绝大多数下肢深静脉血栓形成的患者可以经溶栓和抗凝为主的非手术治疗达到满意的治疗效果，关键是早诊断及早期合理用药。     

Combined Percutaneous Mechanical and Chemical Thrombectomy for Renal Vein Thrombosis in Kidney Transplant Recipients

Renal vein thrombosis occurring after the immediate post-transplant period often leads to loss of the transplant organ. We report two cases of renal vein thrombosis in the setting of de novo membranous nephropathy occurring 5 and 26 months post-transplantation. Both cases were treated with percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy and localized catheter-directed thrombolysis with resolution of clot burden, and regained kidney function after thrombolysis without subsequent thromboses. Percutaneous mechanical thrombolysis can be safely done in renal transplant recipients and should be considered in patients with renal vein thrombosis beyond the immediate post-operative period in order to minimize exposure to systemic thrombolysis.     

下肢骨折术后急性深静脉血栓形成的治疗

目的　探讨下肢骨折及术后急性下肢深静脉血栓形成的治疗效果显著的方法。方法　设通常静脉滴注尿激酶、低分子右旋糖酐加复方丹参注射液 13例为对照组 ,设经导管静脉内尿激酶溶栓 11例为治疗组 ,行两组治疗对比。结果　治疗组的治愈率 81 85 % ,总有效率 10 0 % ;对照组治愈率 2 3 1% ,总有效率 6 9 2 % ,两者显著差异 (P <0 0 5 )。结论　经导管血管内溶栓方法 ,用药量少 ,直接栓内溶栓 ,加之机械性破坏血栓 ,溶栓效果迅速 ,减少出血等副作用 ,是治疗骨折术后急性深静脉血栓形成的良好方法     

P-选择素与下肢深静脉血栓形成的相关性

目的:探讨P-选择素在下肢深静脉血栓形成中的临床意义。方法:选择下肢深静脉血栓形成患者32例,健康对照组20例,比较两组血浆P-选择素水平(ELISA方法)、血小板计数。结果:深静脉血栓形成组血浆P-选择素水平明显高于对照组,有显著性差异(P0.05);血小板计数略高于对照组,但无显著性差异(P0.05)。结论:P-选择素与下肢深静脉血栓形成密切相关,可以作为其早期诊断的标志物。     

下肢手术后有症状的下肢深静脉血栓形成

目的：探讨下肢手术后有症状的下肢深静脉血栓形成的临床特点,早期诊断方法和预防措施,方法：对5例支手术后发生有症状的下肢深静脉血栓形成患者的临床表现和彩色多普勒结果进行分析。结果：下肢手术后小腿出现疼痛是下肢深静脉血栓形成最早出现并具有很高诊断价值的临床特点,手术后肢体加压包扎是一促进下肢深静脉血栓形成的可能因素。结论：下肢手术后出现小腿后侧疼痛时应考虑下肢深静脉血栓形成的可能,彩色多普勒检查可明确诊断,对高危患者围手术期应采取综合预防措施。