共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
2.
东台市甜叶菊立枯病发生与防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
甜叶菊(Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni)是一种新型的天然甜味剂,具有高甜度、低热能的特点,开发应用前景十分广阔。东台地区种植甜叶菊已有30年的历史,2008年种植面积超过4000hm^2,成为全省最大的甜叶菊生产基地。随着栽培年限延长和重茬面积增多,甜叶菊立枯病发生日趋严重,造成甜叶菊扦插繁殖大量死苗。近年来笔者对本市甜叶菊立枯病的发生危害情况作了大量调查,对重发原因进行分析,并总结出防治对策,现简要介绍如下。 相似文献
3.
4.
立枯病,在苗圃、花圃中播种和扦插苗床上常易发生,造成幼苗成片死亡。鸡冠花是夏、秋季厦门市节日大型摆花的主要品种之一,而立枯病幼苗受害也最为严重。一、症状主要发生在幼苗茎基部和根部,感病部位下陷,呈棕褐色,发展较快,组织腐烂。如幼苗刚出土不久,表现为猝... 相似文献
5.
6.
7.
油菜立枯病又称油菜根腐病,是油菜苗期的主要病害之一。近年来,油菜立枯病在信阳地区呈加重的发生趋势,成为油菜生产上的主要病害之一。介绍油菜立枯病在田间的发病症状、发生规律和为害情况,并采取综合防治措施,以指导油菜立枯病的防治。 相似文献
8.
水稻旱育秧立枯病和青枯病的发生及防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
水稻旱育秧育苗成功与否与秧床是否发生立枯病、青枯病有直接关系,所以防治水稻旱育秧立枯病、青枯病是推广水稻旱育稀植高产栽培技术不可忽视的重要技术环节,该文旨了解发病原因及防治方法,以便为广大稻农服务. 相似文献
9.
10.
11.
12.
小麦纹枯病的发生与防治 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
小麦纹枯病,又称小麦尖眼点病 (wheat sharp eyespot),几乎遍布世界各温带小麦种植地区。我国长江流域和黄淮平原各麦区均有不同程度的发生与为害,是这些麦区小麦生产上的重要病害。为了解决小麦纹枯病对麦产区造成的威胁,国内外学者已就该病害的病原、发生为害及其防治途径和方法进行了很多研究,并在控害增产上发挥了积极的作用。 1发生为害简况 20世纪 70年代以前,小麦纹枯病在我国─些麦区虽有发生,但不普遍,为害不太严重,对产量造成的损失也不大,因此,并未引起人们的重视。 80年代以后,由于小麦品种、栽培制度、肥水条… 相似文献
13.
14.
轻型栽培条件下小麦纹枯病发生及防治对策 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过对开展轻型栽培制度以来宿迁市小麦纹枯病发生情况对比调查分析,认为推广应用旋耕麦、稻套麦等耕作方式后,小麦的播种期提前、撒播及播量加大、肥料使用前移、氮肥施用量大、沟系不配套,加之暖冬、湿春气候及防治技术不到位,导致小麦纹枯病发生早、连年重发.据试验研究,提出防治对策是综合采用种子处理、推迟播期、减少播量、春季早防等措施. 相似文献
15.
G. Jager H. Velvis 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1983,89(1-2):21-29
A search was made forRhizoctonia solani-suppressive soils by establishing many small experimental plots, half of which were planted withRhizoctonia-infected seed potatoes and the other half with disinfected seed stock. The sclerotium index of the harvested tubers was compared witht that of the seed potatoes. In suppressive soils, the sclerotium index of the harvest is much lower than that of the seed potatoes. None of the plots on holocene marine soils (loamy sand, sandy loam, clay loam and clay) proved to be suppressive in 1978 and 1979. Only on pleistocene, slightly acid sandy soil suppressiveness was observed. In 1978, four out of twelve plots showed suppressiveness when the plots were planted with seed potatoes produced on a sandy soil. In 1979, only two out of thirtyone plots were slightly suppressive when planted with seed potatoes produced on a young clay loam from a new polder. A higher percentage of sclerotia on tubers from sandy soils proved to be infected with antagonistic fungi (73%) than of those on tubers from marine clay or loam soils (25%). Factors that influence suppressiveness are suggested. 相似文献
16.
田间调查表明,番茄茎基腐病在张掖市发病初期为5月中、下旬,发病高峰期在6月中、下旬;移栽发病重,直播发病轻;碱潮地发病重,其次为灌漠地,沙壤地发病率最轻;平作发病重,垄作发病轻;膜面覆土发病轻,膜面不覆土发病重;中间破膜发病轻,中间不破膜发病重。根据种子、苗床处理、定植穴以及发病初期药剂灌根试验结果表明:供试的10种药剂中,以3%口恶霉.甲霜水剂400倍液移栽前灌根、45%敌磺.琥铜可湿性粉剂750倍液发病初期灌根,防效分别为65.5%、59.5%。 相似文献
17.
18.
赤斑黑沫蝉发生危害及综合防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
赤斑黑沫蝉[Callitetix versicolor(Fabricius)]又称稻沫蝉,为同翅目沫蝉科害虫,是河南省近十年来新发生的玉米害虫。1986年在伊川县白沙乡下么村的玉米制种田发现该虫,当时只见到几头成虫,属零星发生。2000年彭婆镇的彭婆村有1.3hm^2玉米田受该虫危害,造成玉米叶片大部分干枯。2001年在各在乡的各在村南岭有10hm。玉米田因赤斑黑沫蝉危害造成玉米叶片干枯,减产严重。我县常年玉米种植面积1.79万hm^2,2001年至今赤斑黑沫蝉危害玉米面积逐年扩大,危害程度逐年加重,已成为我县玉米田新的主要害虫。2008年对该虫进行普查,该虫在我县所有乡镇均有发生,全县发生面积达1753hm^2,发生田一般被害株率18%。25%,百株虫量80~140头,产量损失20%左右;严重田块被害株率达60%~100%,百株虫量400~800头,产量损失50%以上,个别地块甚至绝收。根据近8年的观察和研究,基本摸清了该虫在我县的发生规律,摸索出了一套综合防治技术。 相似文献
19.
P.H.J.F. van den Boogert A.J.G. Luttikholt 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2004,110(2):111-118
A series of chemical and biological control agents were tested for compatibility with the Rhizoctonia-specific biocontrol fungus Verticillium biguttatum aimed at designing novel control strategies for black scurf (Rhizoctonia solani) and other tuber diseases in potato. The efficacy of chemicals, alone and in combination with V. biguttatum was tested in in vitro assays on nutrient agar plates, in bio-assays with minitubers and in the field. Generally, there were both antagonistic, neutral and additive interactions with V. biguttatum among the combinations tested; there were no indications for synergistic interactions. Broad-spectrum fungicides (azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil, thiabendazole) were fungitoxic to V. biguttatum as shown in in vitro assays, and hampered black scurf control by V. biguttatum in bio-assays. Oomycete-specific chemicals (cymoxanil and propamocarb) and various biocontrol strains (Gliocladium spp., Pseudomonas spp. and Trichoderma spp.) did not interfere with the growth of V. biguttatum on agar nutrient plates and did not affect black scurf control by V. biguttatum in co-applied treatments in the minituber bio-assay. Rhizoctonia-specific (pencycuron, flutalonil) fungicides co-applied with V. biguttatum showed additive effects on black scurf control. When combinations of V. biguttatum and cymoxanil or propamocarb were applied to immature potato tubers at green crop lifting, a reduction of both black scurf and Pythium- or Phytophthora-incited tuber rot was observed at harvest. In conclusion, the biocontrol fungus V. biguttatum is compatible with selected chemical control systems and may improve control efficacy in combination with Rhizoctonia-specific fungicides or may extend control spectrum in combination with Oomycete-specific fungicides. 相似文献