Ag+、Cu2+协同掺杂TiO2抗菌自洁粉体的制备、表征及应用

以钛酸丁酯为前驱体,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2,掺杂Fe3+改善纳米TiO2的光催化活性.以磷酸钙为载体,将物质的量比为1:3的Ag+、Cu2+与掺杂改性后的纳米TiO2按比例组装到载体中,制备出了抗菌自洁粉体.将抗菌自洁粉体按照一定的比例添加到普通建筑涂料中,制备出了抗菌自清洁涂料,用SEM、XRD、EDS、抗菌实验和光降解实验对样品进行测试表征.结果表明:掺杂0.2%的Fe3+能明显的改善纳米TiO2的光催化活性;磷酸钙能很好的负载金属离子和纳米TiO2;抗菌自洁粉体和抗菌自洁涂料的拟菌率分别达99.9%和98.0%,对亚甲基兰的降解率1h内均分别达到98%和90%.     

双元素掺杂改性UV/负载型TiO_2处理真丝印染废水

试验采用Fe3+-Ce4+双元素复合掺杂改性TiO2光催化剂处理真丝产品的印染废水,考察了载体的煅烧温度、pH、反应时间、元素掺杂量等参数对双元素改性TiO2光催化剂的光催化活性的影响。试验结果表明:经过Fe3+-Ce4+双元素掺杂深度改性的TiO2光催化剂处理后出水色度去除率为98.7%、CODCr去除率为70%,比单一元素的改性处理工艺更有效。     

金属离子掺杂TiO2的制备及光催化降解水溶性甲醛的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂有Cu2+、Ni2+、Pb2+、Zn2+、Fe3+的TiO2光催化剂,考察了其对水中甲醛的光催化降解效果,并用XRD对催化剂进行表征。对影响TiO2光催化效率的因素:掺杂金属离子的种类、掺杂浓度、反应体系中添加微量游离Fe2+等进行探讨,实验结果表明,Pb2+离子掺杂对TiO2光催化降解甲醛有明显的促进作用,在紫外灯照射下,当TiO2光催化剂用量为5 g/L,掺Pb2+离子物质的量分数为0.5%,向反应体系添加低浓度Fe2+(1.5 mg/L)时,反应20 h后,对甲醛的降解率可提高至99.23%。     

C/Fe3+掺杂纳米TiO2的制备及其及光催化性能的研究

本实验通过溶胶-凝胶法制备了椰壳纤维活性碳掺杂的纳米TiO2、Fe3+掺杂及Fe3+,C共掺杂的纳米TiO2。并采用TEM、XRD、DSC-TGA、UV-Vis等检测手段对样品进行表征,结果表明经过掺杂的TiO2的吸收带边发生一定的红移。Fe3+掺杂及Fe3+,C共掺杂的TiO2的最佳掺杂量为4%,经过掺杂的TiO2在自然光下的催化效率比未经掺杂的TiO2有明显提升,经过在自然光下120 min的甲基橙模拟降解污水实验,经过掺杂的TiO2最大降解率可达42%。     

掺杂铈、铁离子纳米TiO_2光催化降解苯酚废水的试验研究

Ce4+-Fe3+共掺杂溶胶-凝胶法制备改性TiO2光催化剂降解苯酚废水。试验研究了光催化剂投加量、反应时间、溶液pH值、煅烧温度以及Ce4+的掺杂量度等因素对光催化降解效果的影响。结果表明,当苯酚废水初始质量浓度为500 mg/L,调节pH值为3.0,Ce4+-Fe3+-TiO2光催化剂的投加量为10 g/L,紫外灯照射反应240 min后,苯酚去除率达到90%以上。TiO2光催化剂处理苯酚废水效果显著,操作简单,无二次污染,具有较好的可行性。寻求更好的TiO2改性技术必将成为研究的热点。     

TiO2光催化脱H2S的应用

以钛酸丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2及掺杂改性TiO2,其中掺杂了过渡金属（Fe、Ni、Cu、Zn）,稀土金属（La、Ce）,贵金属（Ag）及非金属（N）,应用提拉法在载玻片上镀膜,进行光催化脱H2S实验。考察TiO2光催化脱H2S率。实验从不同离子、掺杂浓度、光照时间等因素考察TiO2光催化脱H2S性能的影响。结果表明：掺杂Fe,Ni,Cu,Zn,La,Ce,Ag及N的TiO2光催化脱H2S最佳掺杂量分别为0.7%,5.0%,4.0%,1.0%,3.0%,2.0%,1.0%和300%（均为TiO2摩尔分数）,其中0.7%Fe-TiO2,脱H2S率达97%。     

镧和铁掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法,制备了TiO2、Fe3+/TiO2、La3+/TiO2、Fe3+-La3+/TiO2光催化剂。考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间和掺杂离子的种类和用量对催化剂用于紫外光催化降解亚甲基蓝性能的影响。制备纯TiO2、Fe3+/TiO2和La3+/TiO2的适宜焙烧温度分别为673,673和773 K,适宜焙烧时间为120min(TiO2)、180min(La3+/TiO2)。La3+/TiO2中La3+的适宜掺杂量为1.0%,Fe3+/TiO2中Fe3+的适宜掺杂量为0.04%,Fe3+-La3+/TiO2中,当La3+的掺杂量为1.0%时,Fe3+的适宜掺杂量为0.02%,相应的脱色率为99.83%,99.51%,98.73%。当掺杂量适当时,4种催化剂用于紫外光催化降解亚甲基蓝的活性次序为:La3+/TiO2>Fe3+/TiO2>Fe3+-La3+/TiO2>TiO2。根据XRD结果,由谢乐公式估算出所得光催化剂为纳米粒子。     

TiO_2纳米管电极金属离子掺杂的表征

采用浸渍法对TiO2纳米管电极进行Zn2+、Fe3+、Cu2+离子的掺杂改性,并进行了各种性能表征.扫描电镜(SEM)及X射线衍射光谱(XRD)结果表明,金属离子掺杂后的TiO2纳米管电极依然保持了良好的表面形态及锐钛矿晶型,纳米管的直径为60—100 nm,其晶面主要为101面;可见紫外漫反射光谱(DRS)分析表明,进行掺杂的TiO2纳米管电极的光学性质有不同程度的改变,Zn2+、Fe3+和Cu2+掺杂的TiO2纳米管电极的禁带宽度分别为3.37 eV3、.14 eV、2.86 eV.这表明掺Cu2+的TiO2纳米管电极的吸收边带发生了明显的红移.     

金属离子掺杂改性纳米TiO2的能带结构及其光催化性能

为了研究纳米TiO2金属离子掺杂的改性机理,使用Materials Studio软件的Dmol3模块分别对Fe3+、Ag+、Pt4+、La3+4种金属离子掺杂纳米TiO2的能带结构进行分析。分子模拟表明,金属离子掺杂使TiO2的禁带宽度、Fermi能级和禁带偏移发生变化,影响了TiO2的光催化性能。光催化反应表明,Ag+掺杂后TiO2的禁带宽度为1.09eV、Fermi能级为-0.294eV、禁带向下偏移0.28eV,纳米TiO2光催化剂对聚乙二醇模拟废水的处理效果最好。     

S,Fe共掺杂纳米TiO_2的制备及其光催化性能

以水热法制得了S,Fe共掺杂的纳米TiO2光催化剂(TiO2-S-Fe),XRD分析表明,其为锐钛矿晶型,S,Fe掺杂能抑制TiO2粒径的生长;UV-vis漫反射表明,TiO2-S-Fe对可见光吸收增强,吸收带边明显红移;XPS显示S,Fe共掺杂,使得TiO2表面羟基氧含量提高,从而提高催化剂活性;可见光降解甲基橙溶液结果表明,共掺杂样品光催化效果优于单掺样品,S和Fe共掺杂对提高TiO2可见光活性具有协同效应。当Fe3+∶S∶Ti(摩尔比)=0.005∶1∶1,180℃下水热反应3 h时,制得的TiO2-S-Fe可见光催化活性比纯TiO2的活性提高了约10倍。     

与强者同场竞技 靠创新促进发展——访青岛福润德塑料挤出技术有限公司总经理赵炳仁先生

一年一届的中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会(国际橡塑展),是全球多个行业寻找橡塑工业世界性商贸伙伴的机遇,也是企业开拓中国以至亚洲市场商机之"金钥匙"。在25届国     

Hydrogels reinforced with nanoclays with improved response rate

Two series of semiinterpenetrating networks (SIPN) based on linear hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), physically crosslinked with inorganic clay, are presented. The hydrogels with different crosslinking densities were prepared by varying the content of clay from 1 to 6 wt % and contained linear interpenetrant, PVA in the range of 0.5–1.5 wt %. The effect of clay content on swelling/deswelling behavior and phase transition in PNIPA gels, as well as the feasibility of reinforcing the gels with high molecular weight PVA, were analyzed. The thermal response of hydrogels, followed by DSC, confirmed that the insertion of hydrophilic PVA did not have a significant effect on the onset of the volume phase transition temperature, while the response was faster. The equilibrium degree of swelling of SIPNs and PNIPA hydrogels was in the range of 9–79 and decreased with increasing content of clay. The internal morphology and surface wettability of the hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope analysis and contact angle measurements, respectively. The network structural parameters of the PNIPA and SIPN nanocomposites hydrogels, such as the average molecular weight between crosslinks, M_c, and effective crosslinking density, N_e, were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44535.     

Electrodialysis with brine solutions oversaturated with calcium sulfate

Electrodialysis (ED) was applied to concentrate brine solutions of various concentrations — similar to effluentsfrom the desalination of brackish and industrial water — to about 20%. The consequent reduction in effluent volumes would facilitate a reduction in disposal costs. The energy requirement for concentrating solutions from 70 to 300 mN (0.4-1.8%) to 3.9 N (20%) was in the range 1.5-7.1 kWh/m³, in contrast to approximately 25 kWh/m³ by thermal evaporation. With the aim of preventing precipitation of CaSO4 on the membranes, laboratory-scale ED experiments were carried out on solutions of different compositions to determine the conditions that would lead to the precipitation of excess gypsum on gypsum seeds in a separate precipitator. The results were then applied in a pilot-scale ED unit in which the brine that circulated through the ED brine cells passed through a separate CaSO, precipitator containing gypsum seeds.     

以创新谋发展 以协作促转型

复合肥行业的转型升级已被列为化肥行业"十三五"规划重要内容。介绍我国复合肥行业转型发展期的特征,并提出在此形势下复合肥行业的发展思路;以创新谋发展,促进行业技术水平提高;以协作促转型,助推行业转型发展。     

Biological studies with cyclopropenoids inactivated with fatty acids

Cyclopropenoids inactivated by reactingSterculia foetida oil with cottonseed oil fatty acids were fed at three dietary levels to growing rats and laying hens for 4 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, all animals were autopsied and examined microscopically for pathological lesions, but no pathology that could be related to dietary treatment was observed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume and plasma cholesterol were similar in animals fed all of the diets. Growth rate of rats and egg production of hens fed the experimental diets were similar to those of animals fed the control diet. After 3 and 6 months of storage, eggs from hens fed the inactivated cyclopropenoids were normal and showed no evidence of the unusual characteristics of cyclopropenoid feeding. Lipids of heart, liver and adipose tissues of all the rats and hens varied little from the normal fatty acid composition. Small amounts of three unidentified fatty acids were found in the adipose tissues of rats fed the higher levels of inactivated cyclopropenoids. The results of these feeding studies suggest that inactivation of cyclopropenoids with fatty acids eliminates the unusual biological effects attributable to cyclopropenoids. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

高压电动机受潮现场处理的技术分析

山东铝业公司水泥厂（以下简称我厂）运行的大型高压电动机较多．有时由于长时间停运或者环境的潮湿，导致电动机的绝缘水平下降，致使电动机不能再次正常启动。因大型电动机是企业的关键设备，其运行好坏直接影响企业生产的正常与否，进而影响企业效益。     

PPH治疗混合痔的护理体会

目的探讨混合痔行PPH的护理方法。方法99例混合痔患者均行PPH,手术前向患者介绍住院环境、住院须知,告知治疗方法及护理上需要的配合,饮食、排便的注意事项,术前准备等;术后体位及恢复饮食时间,大小便情况观察及各种外用药的使用,出血护理及伤口护理,肛门功能锻炼;制定入院评估,印制出院指导。结果99例患者痔核明显回缩,顺利出院。结论混合痔PPH的术前术后护理对患者顺利康复有重要意义。     

Fabric impregnated with TiO2 gel with self-cleaning property

Cotton fabric decorated with TiO₂ synthesized by sol-gel approach was investigated as a self-cleaning material depending on the TiO₂ loading (1.5 wt% in the case of single layered fabric and 3 wt% in the case of double layered). The materials were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and photoactivity. The self-cleaning property was established by determining the amount of the coated dust, the elemental composition, the carbon content, the opacity, and the water contact angle. The self-cleaning property of the impregnated fabric was accentuated by TiO₂ loading. The dust deposited on the single layer fabric stored inside was 3.8 wt% lower than on the nonimpregnated fabric and that deposited on double layer fabric, respectively, was reduced by 9.1 wt%. The decrease in the deposited dust was more accentuated for the samples stored outside (4.2 wt% for the single layer fabric and 16 wt% for the double layer fabric, as compared with the nonimpregnated textile).     

OMC法煤气脱硫装置的操作经验

讨论了在ＯＭＣ法煤气脱硫工艺中,贫液碱度、贫液中盐类含量、脱硫剂ＯＭＣ浓度和ＯＭＣ质量等因素对煤气脱硫效率的影响,指出了提高脱硫效率的途径和降低消耗的经验。     

复合扰流柱的螺旋内构件反应器内流体的宏观混合

在管式反应器内插入复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件,采用脉冲示踪法测定了反应器内流体的停留时间分布,研究了器内流体的宏观混合特性,分析了该内构件强化混合的机理. 结果表明,复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件反应器内的流体流动更接近于活塞流,其轴向扩散模型参数Pe为螺旋型内构件反应器的1.02~1.28倍,为不带内构件反应器的1.35~1.77倍. 复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件能显著增强器内的二次流动,从而强化了宏观混合效果.