基于分形的多径衰落信道估计

该文研究了多径衰落的分形性质,提出了一种利用分形维数和小波重构来改进最小均方误差方法的新型多径衰落信道估计算法。该算法改进了衰落信道参数估计的准确度,并消除了判决方法的错误传递性。仿真结果表明该算法能较准确地估计出多径衰落信道的参数,显著提高快衰落条件下接收机的误码性能。     

cdma2000中基于分形滤波的信道估计方法

第三代移动通信标准cdma2000采用了基于平行连续导频信道辅助的信道估计体制.本文将分形理论引入多径衰落信道的描述,提出了一种利用分形滤波进行最小均方误差意义下信道参数估计的方法.仿真结果表明,本方法不仅对不同运动速度下的信道都能得到比较准确的估计,从而显著地改善Rake接收机的性能,而且可以自适应跟踪信道衰落的快慢变化.研究同时表明,与传统的随机模型相比,新的分形信道模型能更好地刻画多径衰落的行为.     

WCDMA系统中结合导频与信息码的信道估计方法

研究了快衰落环境中第三代移动通信空中接口WCDMA(FDD),基于时分复用的导频信号辅助衰落信道下的信道估计。提出了同时根据导频信号及数据信号估计信道参数的信道估计方法,该方法将信道估计分为根据导频信号和数据信号两部分进行并由其加权合并完成。计算了最小均方误差下的合并系数。仿真结果表明该方法能快速跟踪信道的衰落,有效地估计出各时隙中数据段的信道参数。利用该算法,尤其在高速运动情况下,接收机的性能可得到显著的改善。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的联合迭代检测译码信道估计方法

针对高速移动场景下信道快衰落、非平稳等特性导致下行链路信道估计性能受限的问题,提出了一种适用于高速移动环境下行链路的信道估计方法.采用自回归过程对信道建模,构造自反馈的扩展卡尔曼滤波器（Extended Kalman Filter,EKF）追踪信道响应及其时域相关系数.为了解决EKF自反馈结构引起的误差传播问题,采用了迭代检测译码的接收机结构,以利用信道编码的冗余提升EKF的信道估计精度.仿真分析表明,在高速移动环境下所提方法相较于最小二乘估计和线性最小均方误差估计等传统方法提升了信道估计的均方误差和系统的误码率性能,可应用于高速列车无线通信设备的接收机基带信号处理系统.     

卫星移动通信终端高速移动环境下信道估计方案

卫星移动通信系统在高速移动环境下,由于信道衰落变化较快,基于线性插值的信道估计方法性能损失较大.文章提出采用基于最小均方误差准则的插值方法,充分利用了信道的统计特性,仿真结果表明基于最小均方误差准则的插值方法在信道估计误差和信号解调译码后的误帧率方面上得到较大提高.     

基于理想自相关训练序列的双选信道估计方法

高速移动下的无线宽带通信要经历时间和频率双选择性衰落,近些年来双选信道的估计越来越受到关注.该文利用复指数基扩展模型(BEM),提出一种基于理想自相关训练序列的双选信道估计方法,其训练序列的能量均匀分布,能够消除峰均比的问题.文中分析并证明了具有理想自相关特性等间隔放置的训练序列,能够使信道估计的MSE最小化.仿真表明与传统的zero-padding方式信道估计相比,在获得相同信道估计性能的情况下,采用该文信道估计方法的系统的峰均比有很大改善.     

基于多项式模型的时频二维OFDM信道估计算法

本文提出了一种内插导频的时频二维信道估计算法,用于无线移动信道下的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统。该算法基于梳状内插的导频信号模型,采用多项式模型对信道进行拟合,从而能够精确的估计出信道信息。与时频二维维纳滤波以及自适应判决反馈的算法相比,该算法不需要预先知道信道相关矩阵以及信噪比等信道信息,简单易于实现,并且能够有效的抑制信道估计中的噪声干扰。仿真结果表明,在衰落环境下,该算法的信道估计最小方差(MSE)性能与最小二乘(LS)估计最小方差性能相比有显著提高。     

基于扩展卡尔曼滤波的MIMO迭代信道估计方法

针对高速移动场景下信道快衰落、非平稳等特性导致下行链路信道估计性能受限的问题,提出了一种适用于高速移动环境下行链路的MIMO信道估计方法.采用自回归过程对信道建模,构造自反馈的扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)追踪信道响应及其时域相关系数.采用迭代接收机的结构解决了在MIMO环境下观测方程欠定的问题.仿真结果表明,在高速移动环境下所提方法相较于最小二乘估计等传统方法提升了信道估计的均方误差和系统的误码率性能,可应用于高速列车无线通信设备的接收机基带信号处理系统.     

分布式空频编码协同通信系统中基于导频辅助的频域信道估计算法

针对频率选择性衰落信道下的分布式空频编码协同通信系统,提出了基于导频辅助的各种频域信道估计算法,包括最小二乘、线性最小均方误差、低阶近似线性最小均方误差算法,并给出了相应的均方误差性能表达式.理论分析和仿真结果表明本文提出的信道估计算法在协同通信系统中具有很高的实用性和精确度.     

宽带CDMA系统中的一种新的自适应信道估计方法

该文提出了采用实测的信道自相关系数作为权重的信道估计处理方法,并给出其误差性能的数学表达式,同时给出了经典的滑动平均信道估计方法的误差性能的数学表达式。理论分析及仿真结果表明所提的方法能自动适应移动信道的时变模型及衰落速率,具有有效地抑制噪声的优点;同时克服了滑动平均估计方法的估计长度对估计准确性影响较大的缺点,在移动速度固定及移动速度变化很大的环境下都具有稳定的误差性能;尤其在移动速度变化很大的环境下具有比滑动平均估计方法更低的估计方差,大大提高了RAKE接收机的性能。     

Low-Complexity Channel Estimation for Wireless Block Transmission Systems in Time-and Frequency-Selective Rayleigh Fading Channels

Mobility-induced Doppler spread and multipath propagation introduce the time- and frequency-selectivity (doubly selectivity) in fading channels. Based on the complex exponential basis expansion model (BEM) to approximate the doubly selective channel (DSC), a low-complexity channel estimation scheme for block transmission systems over DSC are developed in this paper. Using the developed scheme, the long data block is divided into a few short data subblocks in terms of the maximum normalized Doppler frequency and block length, and each subblock is performed to respective channel estimation. Thus the total calculation complexity is effectively decreased because the number of the BEM channel coefficients to estimate is greatly reduced for each sub-block. Moreover, by utilizing these channel estimation values to refit the true channel, we can obtain better channel estimation. Besides, the normalized mean square error (NMSE) expressions for the developed scheme and the existing scheme are derived in detail, respectively. Compared to the existing scheme, the proposed scheme has lower calculation complexity and superior performance. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the developed scheme, and the theory values of the derived NMSE accord with corresponding simulation values.     

Estimation of Basis Expansion Models for doubly selective channels

By analyzing the relationship between Basis Expansion Model （BEM） and Doppler spectrum, this letter proposed a quasi-MMSE-based BEM estimation scheme for doubly selective channels. Based on the assumption that the basis coefficients are approximately independent and have the same variance for the same channel tap, the quasi-MMSE estimation shows approximately optimal performance and is robust to noise. Moreover, it can avoid a high Peak-to-Average Power Ratio （PAPR） by using continuous pilots. Performance of the proposed estimation scheme has been shown with computer simulations.     

Intercarrier Interference Suppression for OFDMA Uplink in Time- and Frequency-Selective Fading Channels

This paper investigates intercarrier interference (ICI) suppression and channel estimation for the uplink of an orthogonal frequency-division multiple-access (OFDMA) system in a time- and frequency-selective fading channel. In such a doubly selective channel, channel variations within each OFDMA block disrupt the orthogonality among subcarriers and leads to ICI. We develop an appropriate signal model for the OFDMA uplink in a doubly selective fading channel and propose a minimum mean square error (MMSE) scheme and an MMSE successive detection (MMSE-SD) scheme to suppress ICI. It is shown that the MMSE scheme is the optimal linear scheme in terms of maximizing achievable data rate and that the MMSE-SD scheme is able to further remove ICI and exploit the Doppler diversity embedded in time-varying channels. As an essential component in ICI suppression, channel estimation is also considered. A basis expansion model (BEM) is formulated for the OFDMA uplink channel, and a pilot-aided channel-estimation algorithm is developed to track users' channels in the time domain. Simulation results are presented to illustrate the overall performance improvements that can be obtained from using the proposed ICI suppression and channel-estimation schemes.      

一种新的基于快速功控的多普勒估计

针对采用快速功控的移动通信系统提出了一种简便的多普勒估计方法。该方法利用功控后的接收信号电平的平稳性与最大多普勒频移有密切关系这一特点，通过测量接收信号电平的平稳性估计多普勒频移。文中在单径瑞利衰落信道条件下对这一方法进行了仿真验证，并同文献中提出的COV方法进行了比较，仿真结果表明在信道变化不是太快时本方案有较好的估计精度。     

基于多项式内插的MIMO时间-频率双选择性信道的信道估计

数据的高速率传输以及终端的高速移动,导致无线通信信道具有时间选择性与频率选择性两个特征。该文主要研究了数据分组传输方式下,基于导频符号辅助调制(PSAM)的多输入多输出(MIMO)时间-频率双选择性信道的信道估计问题。首先,将时间-频率双选择性MIMO信道,建模为一个随时间变化的多项式内插信道模型;然后,根据信道Doppler衰落速率、多项式模型中的误差项,确定出模型的阶数以及整个数据块的长度;最后,基于该多项式内插信道模型,提出了采用PSAM的MIMO双选择性信道估计方法。实验结果表明该算法在时间-频率双选择性衰落信道下具有较好的性能。     

On the Performance of a Constellation-rotated Time-spreaded Space-frequency Coding Scheme for 4 × 1 MISO OFDM Transceivers

In this article, we propose a time-spreaded quasi-orthogonal space-frequency coded OFDM system with constellation rotation. A constellation rotated quasi-orthogonal OFDM system could offer full rate and full diversity in a frequency selective fading channel. Time spreading can give additional time diversity gain in a fast fading channel. Assuming that complex channel gains between adjacent subcarriers are approximately equal, we develop a coding scheme for 4 × 1 MISO transceiver and its BER performance is evaluated for different Doppler frequencies in an OFDM system. The simulation results show that 2 dB gain can be achieved at BER of 10⁻³ using the proposed scheme compared to a scheme without time spreading and constellation rotation when 512 subcarriers are used at maximum Doppler frequency of 300 Hz. Also, the proposed system is analyzed for different delay spread of the channel and the results show that if adjacent subcarriers are correlated, it is better in SF-OFDM decoding.     

MIMO-FSK non-coherent detection with spatial multiplexing infast-fading environment

Accurate estimationand real-time compensation for phase offset and Doppler shift are essential for coherent multi-input multi-output (MIMO) systems. Here, a spatial multiplexing MIMO scheme with non-coherent frequency-shiftkeying (FSK) detection is proposed. It is immune to random phase interference and Doppler shift while increasingcapacity. It is valuable that the proposed spatial multiplexing MIMO based on energy detection (ED) is equivalentto a linear system, and there is no mutual interference caused by the product of simultaneous signals in square-lawprocessing. The equivalent MIMO channel model is derived as a real matrix, which remains maximal multiplexingcapacity and reduces the channel estimation complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme hasoutstanding performance over Rician flat fading channel, and experimental system obtains four times the capacitythrough 4 antennas on both transmitter and receiver.     

Selective Time-Domain Filtering for Reduced-Complexity PAPR Reduction in OFDM

A new selective time-domain filtering scheme for reducing the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is proposed. The proposed scheme not only relies on conventional pilot symbol channel estimation and demodulation techniques to recover the data in OFDM systems but also uses additional pilot symbols. The proposed scheme has greatly reduced complexity compared with the selective mapping (SLM) scheme and only slightly poorer performance than the SLM scheme. The new scheme achieves significant PAPR reduction at a cost of typically 0.1–0.75 dB in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) relative to pilot symbol OFDM not having PAPR reduction.      

频率选择性信道下高速数据传输中的单载波频域均衡技术

本文利用空时联合检测的方法，提出了在频率选择性信道下多天线发送的单载波频域均衡方案，它可以提供和一个发送天线多个接收天线单载波系统相同的分集增益，和单载波时域均衡相比具有低的复杂度。分析了信道估计误差对系统的影响，类似于基于迫零算法的线性均衡器的情形，在低信噪比下，信道估计误差对系统影响很大，给出了一种简单的克服方法。在不增加发射功率的情况下，使用信道编码可以进一步改善系统的性能。本方案的系统性能在6径典型城市信道模型下进行了评估，仿真的结果证明了本方案的有效性。