共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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1 概述1996年3月至1998年3月,苏州精细化工集团有限公司共投产了5套20kt/a曼海姆法硫酸钾生产装置,单台曼海姆炉的生产能力均为10kt/a。100kt/a硫酸钾项目累计投资25亿元,每年可给公司带来2亿多元的产值和6000多万元的利润。2 生产原理及工艺流程21 生产原理曼海姆法是将氯化钾和w(H2SO4)=98%硫酸按一定的配料比连续投入到曼海姆炉内进行反应生成硫酸钾,主要反应如下:2KCl+H2SO4△K2SO4+2HCl↑-Q实际上反应分两步进行:KCl+H2SO4KHSO… 相似文献
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国内曼海姆炉生产硫酸钾工艺中存在烟道气热量回收难、热量浪费的问题。探讨烟道气用于直接或间接加热氯化钾、换热生成蒸汽、加热浓硫酸等多种回收方式的可行性,通过比较分析确定“通过换热器加热氯化钾”的方式,并对烟道气换热器的选型进行简单计算。 相似文献
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浅析硫酸钾曼海姆反应炉的国产化 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
硫酸分解氯化钾是生产K2SO4的主要方法,国际上具有代表性的为比利时的TESSERDELOCHIME公司法、日本窒息法、日产法及台湾青上法,均采用曼海姆护法。目前国内硫酸钾生产约60%采用台湾青上曼海姆反应炉。其原理: 2KCI+H2SO4-K2SO4+2HCl 随着国内硫酸钾生产的日趋饱和,面对日趋严峻的市场,只有降低生产成本才能取得竞争优势。然而曼海姆反应炉每18个月要进行一次中修,每3年需进行一次大修,且曼海姆炉为引进设备,其进口配件价格昂贵。苏州精细化工集团公司是最早引进曼海姆炉的厂家之一… 相似文献
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比较了曼海姆法和硫酸氢钾法的优缺点,选择了反应条件进行研究,即浓硫酸与氯化钾的投料摩尔比0.5~1.0,反应温度取160~300℃。试验结果表明:当浓硫酸与氯化钾摩尔配比为0.6,0.7和0.8,反应温度为160~300℃,反应时间2~6 h,总氯根脱除率都能达到96.5%以上,大部分试验样的第2步反应氧根脱除率可达92.0%以上,反应条件均比较温和,在工业生产上更易于实现。 相似文献
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硫酸钾生产工艺与我国硫酸钾工业展望 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
颜利明 《化学工业与工程技术》1998,19(1):28-35
叙述了硫酸钾生产的四种方法(曼海姆炉法、复分解法、缔置法和钾矿综合利用),介绍了我国硫酸钾工业现状,指出了我国硫酸钾工业的发展方向。 相似文献
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M. S. J. Simmonds W. M. Blaney F. Delle Monache M. Marquina Mac-Quhae G. B. Marini Bettolo 《Journal of chemical ecology》1985,11(12):1593-1599
Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria. 相似文献
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Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed. 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2007,35(3):1-25,67
收集了2005年7月~2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂)、特种工程塑料(聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。 相似文献
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中蓝晨光化工研究院有限公司《塑料工业》编辑部 《塑料工业》2009,37(3)
收集了2007年7月~2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007~2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍. 相似文献
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Inorganic/organic hybrid materials have considerable promise and are beginning to become a major area of research for many
coating usages, including abrasion and corrosion resistance. Our primary approach is to prepare the inorganic phase in situ
within the film formation process of the organic phase. The inorganic phase is introduced via sol-gel chemistry into a thermosetting
organic phase. By this method, the size, periodicity, spatial positioning, and density of the inorganic phase can be controlled.
An important aspect of the inorganic/organic hybrid materials is the coupling agent. The initial task of the coupling agent
is to provide uniform mixing of the oligomeric organic phase with the sol-gel precursors, which are otherwise immiscible.
UV-curable inorganic/organic hybrid systems have the advantages of a rapid cure and the ability to be used on heat sensitive
substrates such as molded plastics. Also, it is possible to have better control of the growth of the inorganic phase using
UV curing. It is our ultimate goal to completely separate the curing of inorganic and organic phases to gain complete control
over the morphology, and hence optimization of “all” the coating properties. Thus far, it has been found that concomitant
UV curing of the inorganic and organic phases using titanium sol-gel precursors afforded nanocomposite coatings which completely
block the substrate from UV light while maintaining a transparent to visible light. Also, it has been found that the morphology
of the inorganic phase is highly dependent on the concentration and reactivity of the coupling agent.
Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004, in Chicago,
IL. 相似文献
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Miller DR 《Journal of chemical ecology》2006,32(4):779-794
Ethanol and α-pinene were tested as attractants for large wood-boring pine beetles in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina in 2002–2004. Multiple-funnel traps baited with (−)-α-pinene (released at about 2 g/d at 25–28°C) were attractive to the following Cerambycidae: Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus rusticus nubilus, Asemum striatum, Monochamus titillator, Prionus pocularis, Xylotrechus integer, and X. sagittatus sagittatus. Buprestis lineata (Buprestidae), Alaus myops (Elateridae), and Hylobius pales and Pachylobius picivorus (Curculionidae) were also attracted to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. In many locations, ethanol synergized attraction of the cerambycids Acanthocinus nodosus, A. obsoletus, Arhopalus r. nubilus, Monochamus titillator, and Xylotrechus s. sagittatus (but not Asemum striatum, Prionus pocularis, or Xylotrechus integer) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene. Similarly, attraction of Alaus myops, Hylobius pales, and Pachylobius picivorus (but not Buprestis lineata) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene was synergized by ethanol. These results provide support for the use of traps baited with ethanol and (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common large wood-boring beetles from the southeastern region of the USA at ports-of-entry in other countries, as well as forested areas in the USA. 相似文献