β半乳糖凝集素-3在胚泡植入早期小鼠子宫内膜中的表达

目的 探讨β半乳糖凝集素-3 (Galectin-3)在植入早期小鼠子宫内膜中的表达分布状况及其意义.方法 应用免疫组化SP法检测妊娠1～5 d小鼠子宫内膜Galectin-3的表达情况,并以动情期非妊娠小鼠子宫做对照.结果 小鼠子宫内膜的所有组织中均有Galectin-3表达,主要表达于腺上皮、腔上皮和基质细胞中.随着小鼠妊娠天数的增加,Galectin-3的表达也逐渐增高,在植入窗口期(妊娠4～5 d)达高峰.结论 Galectin-3在妊娠1～5 d小鼠子宫内膜持续表达,提示在小鼠胚泡植入早期,Galectin-3参与了胚泡的植入过程,在胚泡和子宫内膜的识别过程中发挥重要作用.     

小鼠品系影响胚胎移植成功率的比较研究

目的:探讨不同受体鼠和供体鼠品系对胚胎移植成功率的影响以及不同品系胚胎混合移植的可行性. 方法:以Balb/c雄鼠和C57BL/6雌鼠杂交F1代(B6CF1)小鼠24只和昆明鼠(KM鼠)14只作为供体鼠,共取状态良好的受精卵362颗,分别或混合回种于8只B6CF1和16只KM受体鼠输卵管内,比较两种品系鼠的产仔率. 结果:除同品系回种可产仔外,KM鼠和B6CF1杂交鼠受精卵交叉回种B6CF1或KM受体鼠以及两品系受精卵混合回种均可产仔. 其中B6CF1受体鼠产仔率(29.0%)明显高于KM受体鼠(7.0%),B6CF1供体鼠产仔率(16.0%)也略高于KM供体鼠(11.0%);杂交B6CF1受精卵同品系回种产仔率最高(32.0%),KM鼠受精卵同品系回种产仔率仅4.0%,而B6CF1和KM鼠作为受体鼠混合回种两品系受精卵的产仔率分别为25.0%和15.0%. 结论:不同品系小鼠胚胎可交叉或混合回种,小鼠胚胎移植技术不受品系限制,但同品系胚胎移植成功率更高;B6CF1作为胚胎移植实验动物明显优于KM鼠.     

Effect of Bushen Yiqi Hexue recipe on pinopodes expression on endometrial surface in embryo implantation dysfunctional mice

Objective: To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Bushen Yiqi Hexue recipe (BYHR), and observe its effect on pinopodes expression on endometrial surface in mifepristone induced embryo implantation dysfunctional mice.Methods: Pregnant Kunming mice were randomly divided into the normal group, the control group and the treated group. Mice in the treated group were administered with BYHR, and those in the normal group and the control group were administered with normal saline, starting from the very first day of pregnancy (Pd1). On the Pd4, mifepristone (RU486) was subcutaneously injected into mice in the control group and the treated group. Pinopodes expression on endometrial surface at 09:30–10:00 pm on Pd4 (regarded as time point 1, T1) and at 09:30–10:00 am on Pd5 (as time point 2, T2) was determined by scanning electron microscopy. Pregnancy rate and average implanted embryos were observed on Pd7.Results: Pregnancy rate and average implanted embryos in the control group were obviously lower than those in the normal group (allP<0.01), while the two parameters were significantly higher in the treated group (P<0.05,P<0.01, respectively) than those in the control group. In the normal group, abundant developing pinopodes were distributed over the whole endometrial surface in T1, and they were altered to a great deal of fully developed pinopodes in T2. But in the control group, only a few pinopodes were expressed locally on endometrial surface in T1, showing a nonsynchronous figure of development, and they completely disappeared in T2. In the treated group, a lot of developing pinopodes were expressed like those in the normal group but somewhat lagged behind, whereas many fully developed pinopodes were expressed in T2.Conclusion: The decrease of the pinopodes in Tl and the cleaning up of them in T2 is possibly the partial mechanism of mifepristone in inducing embryo implantation dysfunction. It is indicated that BYHR could improve pinopodes expression on endometrial surface, eventually better the uterine receptivity and improve the embryo implantation. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30171193)     

慢性持续高剂量电磁辐射对小鼠外周血象的长期影响

目的通过研究慢性持续高剂量电磁辐射对小鼠外周血细胞变化的影响,探讨慢性持续高剂量电磁辐射对小鼠外周血象的长期影响。方法采用随机、平行对照分组法,将30只雄性Babl／c小鼠分为正常对照组（0mW／cm。）、辐射组（10mW／cm2）、环磷酰胺给药（CTX组）,每组10只。辐射组动物予以30min／d,持续20个工作日,功率密度为10mW／cm2电磁辐射;CTX组在小鼠开始辐照的时间点给药,每3d给药一次,每次每只30mg／kg,共7次;各组于辐照结束后30,45,60,75,90,105d和120d分别采集尾静脉血,应用全自动细胞分析仪检测外周血中红细胞、白细胞、血小板、血红蛋白、中性粒细胞等数量的变化。结果经持续高剂量电磁辐射后,与正常对照组相比,辐射组白细胞数量显著减少（P〈0．05）;辐射组红细胞数量于照射后60—90d开始显著上升（P〈0．05）;外周血血小板数量于照射后30—45d明显上升,结果有统计学意义。辐射组小鼠外周血免疫细胞及中性粒细胞的数量均低于正常对照组。辐照组血象各指标的变化情况与环磷酰胺给药组（CTX组）变化趋势一致。结论慢性持续大剂量电磁辐射可导致小鼠免疫系统的损伤,造成小鼠机体的炎症反应,通过检测外周血象各项指标峦化可了解辐射后生物机体的龟疫状杰。     

电磁辐射对雷达操作员血液中垂体泌乳素含量的影响

目的:调查电磁辐射环境对某雷达站雷达操作员垂体泌乳素(prolactin,PRL)影响的评估。方法:将在电磁辐射环境下工作2年以上的某雷达站37名雷达操作员为研究组,暴露在非电磁辐射环境下的34名人员为对照组,抽取2组人员血液检测PRL。结果:研究组PRL含量(12.84±2.75)μg/L,而对照组为(7.55±1.61)μg/L,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:电磁辐射对人体有害,长期暴露在电磁辐射下,可使暴露人员PRL升高。     

Local immune regulatory effects of Bangdeyun on the endometrium of mice with embryo implantation dysfunction during the implantation time

This study examined the effects of Bangdeyun on the expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB （NF-κB）, interferon-gamma （IFN-y） and interleukin-10 （IL-10） in the endometrium of mice with embryo implantation dysfunction （EID） during the implantation time （namely on pregnancy day 5, 6, 7 and 8） and explored the local immune regulatory effects of Bangdeyun. The gestational mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and Bangdeyun-treated group. EID models of mice were established by using indomethacin. The endometrial expression of NF-κB was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. IFN-γ and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The results showed that in the normal group, NF-κB and IFN-γ were weakly expressed and IL-10 was strongly expressed in the endometrium during the whole implantation period. In the model group, the expressions of NF-κB and IFN-T were increased on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7, and IL-10 expression decreased during the whole implantation time when compared with those in the normal group （P〈0.01 for all）. In the Bangdeyun-treated group, little amount of NF-κB and IFN-γ was expressed and IL-10 expression was strong, much the way they were expressed in the normal group （P〉0.05）. The expressions of NF-κB and IFN-T were much lower in the Bangdeyun-treated group than those in the model group on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7 （P〈0.01 for all）, while the expression of IL-10 was much higher than in the model group during the whole implantation time （P〈0.01）. It was suggested Bangderun may favor a shift from Thl- to Th2-type immune response, therefore inhibiting the maternal immune rejection, inducing the immune tolerance and improving the fetal implantation.     

Effect of Bushenantai Recipe on the Expression of Endometrial LIF in Mice with Embryonic Implantation Dysfunction

In order to observe the effect of Bushenantai recipe on the expression of endometrial leukemia-inhibitory factor （LIF） in mice with embryonic implantation dysfunction （EID）, 120 Kunming mice post coition were randomized into three groups： normal control group, model group and traditional Chinese medicine group （TCM group） （n=40 in each group）. Uterus was collected on the pregnancy day （Pd） 4, 5, 6 after an intravenous injection of Evan＇s blue. The endometrium was dyed by Evan＇s blue and the mean points of response were observed on Pd 5. The expression of LIF mRNA and protein was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively and analyzed statistically by image system. The results showed that the number of implantation sites in model group was remarkably less than in normal control group and TCM group. There was no significant difference between normal control group and TCM group. The expression of LIF mRNA and protein in model group was delayed. Bushenantai recipe could increase the expression of LIF mRNA and protein in endometria of mice with EID. It was suggested that Bushenantai recipe could improve embryo implantation of mice with EID by promoting the endometrial LIF expression and endometrial decidualization.     

阿托西班对新鲜胚胎种植率及妊娠结局的影响

目的分析阿托西班对新鲜胚胎移植患者胚胎种植率及妊娠结局的影响。方法选择行新鲜胚胎移植术的患者60例,根据胚胎移植当日是否使用阿托西班分为观察组和对照组各30例。观察组胚胎移植术前30 min阿托西班静脉推注干预,对照组未使用阿托西班。对两组患者进行跟踪随访,记录两组胚胎种植率和妊娠结局;比较两组患者末次随访时的心理状态及治疗满意度;根据患者年龄,将观察组和对照组患者分为高龄组(年龄≥35岁)和常规组(年龄＜35岁),比较各组的胚胎种植率、临床妊娠率及活产率。结果观察组的胚胎种植率高于对照组(P＜0.05),两组临床妊娠率、异位妊娠、流产率、活产率比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);观察组末次随访时的抑郁评分低于对照组,满意度评分高于对照组(P＜0.05),而两组间的焦虑、恐怖评分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05);对照高龄组与对照常规组间的临床妊娠、活产率差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),观察高龄组与对照高龄组间的临床妊娠、胚胎种植率和活产率比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论给予行新鲜胚胎移植术患者术前小剂量阿托西班预处理,可明显改善胚胎种植率和高龄患者妊娠结局。     

Effect of Acupuncture on CXCL8 Receptors in Rats Suffering from Embryo Implantation Failure简

To observe the effect of acupuncture on CXCL8 receptors（CXCR1 and CXCR2） in rat endometrium experiencing embryo implantation failure, 72 pregnant rats were randomly divided into four groups： normal group（N）, embryo implantation failure group（M）, acupuncture treatment group（A）, and progestin treatment group（W）. Then the rats in each group were equally randomized into a day-6（D6） group, a day-8（D8） group, and a day-10（D10） group. The rats in group M, group A, and group W were treated with mifepristone-sesame oil solution on day 1, while the rats in group N were injected with the same amount of sesame oil. Meanwhile, ＂Housanli＂ and ＂Sanyinjiao＂ were selected for acupuncture. From day 1 to the time of death, the rats in group A were fastened up and then acupuncture was administered while the rats in group N and group M were only fixed, and the rats in group W were given progestin. The number of implanted embryos was calculated. The expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 in rat endometrium was detected by immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and real-time PCR. Compared to group N, the average number of implanted embryos, the protein and mRNA expression of CXCR1（D6, D8 and D10）, and the protein and mRNA expression of CXCR2（D8 and D10） in rat endometrium were significantly decreased in group M. Compared to group M, there was significant elevation in the average number of implanted embryos, the protein expression（D6, D8 and D10） and mRNA expression（D8） of CXCR1 in rat endometrium of group A, and the protein expression（D8 and D10） and mRNA expression（D8） of CXCR2 in rat endometrium of group W. These findings indicated that acupuncture can increase the number of implanted embryos in rats of embryo implantation failure, which may be relevant with up-regulation the expression of CXCR1 and CXCR2 at maternal-fetal interface of rats with embryo implantation failure.     

ME491／CD63对小鼠胚胎发育及着床的影响

目的：研究ME491／CD63对小鼠胚胎体外发育及着床的影响,以及ME491／CD63mRNA及蛋白在假孕D1～8小鼠子宫中的表达规律．方法：①将小鼠8-细胞胚胎培养于含不同浓度ME491／CD63抗体的培养液中,观察胚胎发育,记录囊胚形成及脱透明带的情况．②妊娠D4小鼠宫角注射ME491／CD63抗体,于妊娠D8观察小鼠胚胎植入数量．③用RT—PCR及免疫组织化学技术观察ME491／CD63mRNA及蛋白在假孕小鼠子宫的表达规律．结果：①ME491／CD63抗体可影响胚胎在体外的发育．与对照组相比,在ME491／CD63抗体浓度为1：400及以上时,囊胚的形成率明显降低（P〈0．05）;在抗体浓度为1：800及以上时,胚胎脱带率显著下降（P〈0．05）,ME491／CD63抗体对胚胎发育的影响具有浓度依赖性．②宫角注射一定量的ME491／CI）63抗体可以显著提高小鼠胚胎的着床数[（5．8±2．3）vs（4．1±1．8）,P〈0．05]．③ME491／CI）63mRNA在假孕D1～8小鼠子宫中均有表达,于D6表达最丰富．MFA91／CD63蛋白在假孕D1—8的子宫腺上皮细胞均有表达,假孕D1～5腔上皮细胞无表达,假孕D6—8,子宫腔上皮细胞阳性表达．结论：①ME491／CD63在小鼠胚胎发育和着床过程中发挥重要作用．②ME491／CD63在妊娠小鼠子宫的表达是非胚胎依赖性的,其表达量的变化可能与胚胎存在与否有一定关系．     

持续高剂量电磁辐射对小鼠外周血免疫细胞数量影响的长期效应

目的:观察慢性持续高剂量电磁辐射照射后小鼠外周血免疫细胞数量及比例变化,探讨慢性持续高剂量电磁辐射对小鼠免疫系统的影响。方法：采用随机、平行对照分组法,将30只雄性Balb/c小鼠平均分为正常对照组、10 mW•cm^-2辐照组及环磷酰胺给药组,每组10只。辐照组动物予以30 min•d^-1、每周辐照5 d,持续4周;给药组在辐照组开始辐照时给药,每次每只30 mg•kg^-1,共7次;各组小鼠于辐照结束后30、45、60、75、90、105和120 d分别采集尾静脉血,应用流式细胞术检测外周血中CD4+ T细胞、CD8+T细胞、CD4+/CD8+比率、CD49+NK细胞数量及比例的变化。结果：经持续高剂量电磁辐射后,小鼠的外周血白细胞数量显著上升,CD4+ T细胞数量于辐照后75 d开始明显升高,辐照后90 d开始下降但仍高于正常组（P<0.05）,观察周期结束时,CD4+T细胞数量下降到与正常组相同（120 d）;CD8+T细胞数量于辐照后75 d明显降低,直到观察周期结束时（120 d）,T细胞的数量恢复至与正常组的T细胞数量相同;CD4+/CD8+比率在持续高剂量电磁辐射诱导下呈上升趋势,并且明显高于正常对照组（P<0.05）;CD49+NK细胞数量在辐射后明显低于正常对照组（P<0.05）。结论：慢性、持续性大剂量电磁辐射可导致小鼠免疫系统的紊乱,通过检测外周血中CD4+T细胞、CD8+T细胞、CD4+/CD8+T细胞、CD49+NK细胞数量及比例的变化,可了解辐照后机体的免疫状态。     

环境电磁辐射对大鼠海马神经细胞黏附分子表达的影响

目的研究峰值功率密度为 5 W/cm2的电磁辐射作用下,神经细胞粘附分子(neural cell adhesion molecule, NCAM)和多唾液酸合酶(polysialytransferases, STX)的mRNA,以及NCAM蛋白表达的变化.方法采用RT-PCR法,检测海马组织中mRNA表达的变化,采用Western-blot法,检测海马组织中NCAM蛋白表达的变化.结果在低剂量电磁辐射作用下,3 d后NCAM和STX的表达明显下降,经过短暂升高后,随着辐照时间的延长,在15 d时表达降至最低.结论 NCAM及PSA-NCAM下调可能是低剂量电磁波影响学习记忆的的原因之一.     

电磁脉冲和电离辐射对人肠上皮细胞存活率影响的异同

研究人源性细胞在电磁脉冲及电离辐射作用后的生物效应。方法用电磁脉冲发生器和＾６０Ｃｏ－γ线分别照射人肠上皮细胞,以四唑盐比色法检测受照射胞的存活程度。结果电磁脉冲作用后,ＥＭＰ电场场强为９０ｋＶ．ｍ＾－１时,随着脉冲次数增加条件下,细胞存活率逐渐降低,以１５次组最为明显。     

应用正交设计探讨肾虚胚胎着床障碍小鼠病症结合模型制作中药物的最佳配比

目的探索羟基脲及米非司酮在肾虚胚胎着床障碍小鼠病症结合模型制作中的最佳配比。方法以羟基脲、米非司酮作为影响因素,选择L9(34)表安排实验,观察羟基脲及米非司酮不同剂量配比组合对小鼠肾虚胚胎着床障碍模型的影响。结果研究范围内,当羟基脲因素A取1水平、米非司酮因素B取1水平时(AⅠBⅠ),妊娠第5天、第8天时子宫内胚胎着床点数、子宫指数是最少的。在肾虚胚胎着床障碍小鼠模型的制作中,米非司酮的贡献度最大,羟基脲的贡献度次之,一定程度上,胚胎的着床点和子宫指数与羟基脲和米非司酮的用量成反比。结论综合多项指标,在研究范围内,AⅠBⅠ较为合适作为肾虚胚胎着床障碍小鼠模型用于药物干预研究。     

低剂量电离辐射对STZ诱导糖尿病模型大鼠海马神经元的影响

目的:探讨低剂量电离辐射(LDR)对糖尿病模型大鼠海马神经元细胞周期、钙离子浓度([Ca2+]i)和[线粒体膜电位(MMP)的影响,阐明LDR对糖尿病神经损伤的保护作用机制.方法:利用链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立Wistar大鼠糖尿病(DM)模型.60只大鼠分为正常对照组、DM组、DM+25 mGy X射线照射组、DM+5...     

野生型PTEN 过表达对体外活化肝星状细胞内钙离子浓度的影响

目的 探讨野生型第10 号染色体缺失的磷酸酶张力蛋白同源物基因（PTEN）过表达对体外活化肝星状细胞（HSC）内钙离子浓度的影响。方法 体外培养活化大鼠肝星状细胞系（HSC-T6）,利用腺病毒载体,将野生型PTEN 基因转染活化HSC ;Western blot 及实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（qrt-PCR）检测HSC 的PTEN 蛋白及mRNA 表达;采用钙离子荧光探针Rhod-2/AM,于激光扫描共聚焦显微镜下检测HSC 内钙离子浓度变化。实验分组：① Control 组：腺病毒转染时以DMEM 代替病毒液;② Ad-GFP 组：转染表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）的对照空病毒Ad-GFP ;③ Ad-PTEN 组：转染携带野生型PTEN 基因并表达GFP 的重组腺病毒Ad-PTEN。结果 野生型PTEN 在活化大鼠HSC 大量表达,3 组HSC 内钙离子浓度比较,差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）,Ad-PTEN 组HSC 内钙离子浓度（251.60±90.88）低于Control 组（1 953.95±132.99）及Ad-GFP 组（1 937.57±115.17）,而Control 组与Ad-GFP 组之间HSC 内钙离子浓度比较,差异无统计学意义（P >0.05）。结论 野生型PTEN 过表达可降低体外活化大鼠HSC 内钙离子浓度。     

复方高渗盐溶液对低血容量性休克大鼠心肌细胞影响的实验研究

失血性休克是常见的外科急症。近年来随着对休克病理生理、发病机制和组织体液及氧代谢研究的不断深入，治疗策略也随之改变。先前人们更多关注宏循环（macrocirculation）稳定，即通过补充晶体／胶体与血管活性药物维持患者血压；而后逐渐认识到纠正或改善微循环（microcirculation）障碍。保证重要器官灌注同样具有重要意义；近来人们发现，休克时细胞水平的改变与复苏成功率和复苏后器官功能恢复密切相关。因此细胞保护在抗休克治疗中的作用逐渐为人们所认识。本期介绍3篇论文分别从不同角度探讨了休克复苏时，细胞水平的组织和功能改变与保护。[编者按]     

Effect of Electromagnetic Fields on Proliferation and Differentiation of Cultured Mouse Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Previous clinical observations and animal ex periments showed that EMFs could stimulate newbone formation of the fractures and increase thebone mineral density[1], but the manner in whichEMFs influence the behavior of bone remains poor ly understood. Recent studies[2] found that signaltransduction system plays an important role in thebiological effect of EMFs. Intracellular cAMP wasan important second messenger in signal transduc tion pathway. The cellular proliferation …     

雌、孕激素对体外培养种植窗期子宫内膜腺上皮细胞降钙素表达的调节

目的 探讨雌、孕激素对体外培养人类子宫内膜腺上皮细胞降钙素（Ｃｔ）表达的影响及其意义。方法　建立子宫内膜 腺上皮细胞体外培养体系．分别用雌二醇（Ｅ２）、孕酮（Ｐ４）刺激细胞２４ｈ、４８ｈ,其浓度分别为１× １０－７、１×１０－８、１×１０－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ 和１×１０－６、１×１０－７、１×１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ,利用流式细胞仪对Ｃｔ表达阳性细胞进行检测。结果　性激素影响体外培养的人子宫内膜 上皮细胞Ｃｔ的表达,Ｐ４促进Ｃｔ表达,并呈剂量依赖性,１×１０－６ｍｏｌ／Ｌ作用２４ｈ,其促进效应最强;而低剂量Ｅ２对Ｃｔ表 达无明显影响,高浓度Ｅ２则抑制其表达。结论　子宫内膜上皮细胞Ｃｔ的表达受性激素调节,在人类胚胎着床过程中起 重要作用。     

低剂量电离辐射对小鼠睾丸生精细胞中活性氧活性和线粒体膜电位的影响

目的: 研究低剂量电离辐射对小鼠睾丸生精细胞中活性氧(ROS)活性和线粒体膜电位（△Ψm）的影响。方法: 以2′,7′-二氢二氯荧光黄双乙酸钠（DCFH-DA）和罗丹明123（Rhodamine 123）为探针,采用流式细胞术,间接检测细胞内ROS活性和△Ψm。结果: 不同剂量X-线照射后12 h,小鼠睾丸生精细胞中ROS活性较0 Gy组增加,并且随剂量增加而增加（P<0.05）;△Ψm则表现为随剂量增加而降低（P<0.05）。0.075 Gy X线照射后与0 h比较,ROS活性随时间推移而增加（P<0.05）,12 h达峰值,并且维持在较高水平;△Ψm则随时间推移而降低（P<0.05）,12 h降到最低后逐渐恢复到正常水平。结论: 低剂量电离辐射能够诱导小鼠睾丸生精细胞中ROS活性增加,而△Ψm降低,并且具有一定的剂量和时程效应规律性。