DNA的亮绿共振光散射法测定

研究了在表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTMAB）的存在下，碱性染料亮绿（BG）与小牛胸腺脱氧核糖核酸（ctDNA）体系结合反应及其共振发光光谱；在pH7.3-7.6范围内，亮绿在核酸分子表面进行长距组装后，在470nm产生共振光散射（RLS）增强峰，其发光强度与DNA浓度呈线性关系；方法已成功地应用于合成样品的测定。     

阿特拉津与DNA作用共振光散射光谱的研究及其应用

首次报道了阿特拉津与ctDNA作用的共振光散射光谱 (RLS)特征和利用小分子农药阿特拉津作为探针测定痕量脱氧核糖核酸的方法。在 pH=1.41的酸度条件下 ,阿特拉津 -ctDNA在319.8nm处有一增强的共振光散射光谱峰 ,且增强的共振光散射强度与ctDNA的浓度成线性关系。在实验确定的优化条件下 ,方法的线性范围为0.05～34μg·mL -1 ,检出限为11.9ng·mL -1(3δ) ,该方法成功地用于人工混合样品中ctDNA的测定     

以多胺为探针的DNA共振光散射光谱法测定

研究了三种常见多胺与小牛胸腺脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)作用的共振光散射光谱.发现在pH 2.21～9.15的B-R缓冲溶液中,小牛胸腺DNA与精胺的结合产生强烈的共振光散射,散射强度在343 nm波长处达到最大.小牛胸腺DNA的质量浓度在0.1～40 mg·L-1范围内与共振光散射强度呈线性关系,回归方程的相关系数为0.998 9,检出限为19μg·L-1.5倍于DNA浓度的蛋白质、核苷酸都不干扰DNA的分析测定,金属离子的允许浓度一般为1.0×10-6mol·L-1.     

共振光散射光谱的校正

以罗丹明6G在pH7.40时的共振光散射光谱（RLS）为例,引进仪器特性因子和分子吸收因子讨论荧光分光光度计的检测灵敏度和体系分子吸收对RLS光谱的影响,提出光谱校正方程。在吸收体系中,吸收带附近的散射光强度降低,并导致散射光谱发生畸变。通过光谱校正,除消除了不同仪器因光源和检测系统的差异对RLS光谱特性影响外,有效地消除了分子吸收的影响,提高了测定灵敏度。     

聚丙烯酸与核酸相互作用的共振光散射光谱研究及其分析应用

研究了聚丙烯酸(PAA)与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)相互作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱.实验结果表明,在pH=2.0的B-R缓冲溶液中,PAA与DNA自身的共振光散射峰均较弱,但当二者发生静电作用形成复合物后,体系的共振光散射峰增强,散射增强程度则各不相同,其相对散射强度的顺序是fsDNA＞ctDNA＞yRNA.在一定范围...     

花菁-脱氧核糖核酸的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了一种苯并噻唑阳离子花菁与脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)作用的共振光散射光谱,在pH 6.0的六次甲基四胺-HCl缓冲介质中,痕量DNA的加入使花菁在590nm的共振光散射强度显著增强。在最佳实验条件下,增强的共振光散射强度与DNA浓度具有良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种测定DNA的共振光散射光谱法。方法的线性范围为:小牛胸腺DNA(CT DNA),0～20μg/mL,鱼精子DNA(FS DNA),0～15μg/mL;检出限分别为0.005μg/mL和0.008μg/mL。该方法已用于合成样品中DNA的测定。     

荧光素的共振光散射光谱研究

研究了荧光素(nu)的共振光散射(RLS)光谱的形成机理与影响因素.在中性和碱性条件下,Flu溶液的共振散射光显著增强.实验发现,随着溶液pH的增加,Flu溶液的RLS光谱与其荧光光谱、吸收光谱在强度大小、最大吸收峰位移上变化趋势一致.荧光素的荧光激发光谱与发射光谱有部分重叠,共振散射峰处于荧光激发峰与荧光发射峰之间.在光偏振实验中,测得共振散射光的偏振度P≈0.020.碱性环境中,随Flu溶液浓度的增加,其RLS光谱和荧光光谱的变化情况,同样表明两者之间有密切联系.上述实验结果揭示Flu的共振散射光就是共振荧光.     

依波西隆蓝与蛋白质作用的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

微量蛋白质对依波西隆蓝的共振光散射产生增强作用，且增强程度与蛋白质浓度有良好的线性关系，由此建立了测定蛋白质的灵敏共振光散射分析方法。利用该方法测定合成样品和血清样品中的蛋白质，均获得了可靠的分析结果。     

甲基紫6B与核酸作用的共振光散射光谱及其分析应用

将三苯甲烷类碱性染料甲基紫6B用于核酸的共振光散射测定。在pH10.8的缓冲液中 ,核酸的加入导致甲基紫6B在386nm处共振光散射的增强 ,其强度与核酸的质量浓度呈线性关系 ,据此建立了一种测定核酸的共振光散射法。fsDNA与 yRNA的线性范围分别为0.083～1.0mg·L -1和0.076～0.8mg·L -1,检出限分别为82.6和75.3μg·L -1。将该法用于混合样品中核酸的测定 ,结果令人满意。     

共振光散射光谱研究噻嗪红R与牛血清白蛋白的作用及其分析应用

研究了噻嗪红R(Thiazine red R,TR)与牛血清蛋白(BSA)作用的共振光散射(RLS)光谱特征。考察了各种影响因素,并计算出了BSA与TR的结合比(质量之比)为1.25。结果表明,在优化条件下体系的RLS强度与蛋白质浓度在一定范围内具有良好的线性关系,据此建立了一种蛋白质测定的新方法。在最佳实验条件(TR,2.0×10-5mol/L;pH2.36)下,BSA的线性范围是0.01~5.0μg/mL,检出限为1.4ng/mL。该方法已用于合成样品及尿液的测定。     

耐尔蓝硫酸盐在核酸分子表面的长距组装及核酸的三波长共振光散射测定

在pH7.20～7.60及离子强度低于0.012的介质中,耐尔蓝硫酸盐(NBS)在核酸分子表面进行长距组装后,产生293.4nm、349.4nm和560.4nm的共振光散射(RLS)增强峰.根据RLS增强的Scatchard数据分析表明,NBS在小牛胸腺DNA、鱼精DNA和酵母RNA上的组装数分别是6.4、6.6和3.9,组装常数分别为7.1×10~6mol/L、4.6×10~6mol/L和1.7×10~6mol/L.应用三个波长处的RLS增强之和可以测定0～0.8mg/L的小牛胸腺DNA、鱼精DNA和0.20～0.60mg/L的酵母RNA,检测限分别是0.4、1.2和10.5μg/L.方法已成功的应用于合成样测定.     

Nucleic Acid Based Logical Systems

Researchers increasingly visualize a significant role for artificial biochemical logical systems in biological engineering, much like digital logic circuits in electrical engineering. Those logical systems could be utilized as a type of servomechanism to control nanodevices in vitro, monitor chemical reactions in situ, or regulate gene expression in vivo. Nucleic acids (NA), as carriers of genetic information with well‐regulated and predictable structures, are promising materials for the design and engineering of biochemical circuits. A number of logical devices based on nucleic acids (NA) have been designed to handle various processes for technological or biotechnological purposes. This article focuses on the most recent and important developments in NA‐based logical devices and their evolution from in vitro, through cellular, even towards in vivo biological applications.     

Bioimaging Based on Nucleic Acid Nanostructures

Nucleic acid nanostructures with structural programmability, spatial addressability and excellent biocompatibility have drawn much attention in various biomedical applications, such as bioimaging, biosensing and drug delivery. In this review, we summarize the recent research progress in the field of bioimaging based on nucleic acid nanostructures with different imaging models, including fluorescent imaging(FI), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), photoacoustic imaging(PAI) and positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT) imaging. We also discuss the remaining challenges and further opportunities involved in the bioimaging research based on nucleic acid nanostructures.     

基于核酸修饰新策略的抗肿瘤铂配合物设计

肿瘤已成为严重威胁人类健康的重大疾病之一。以顺铂为首的铂类抗肿瘤药物一直是化疗首选药物。但是长期用药导致的一系列的毒副作用如肾毒性、耳毒性和耐药性等极大地限制了铂类配合物的发展与应用。本文针对目前铂类药物所处形势重点综述了新一代铂类药物的设计研发方法：（1）研发具有新颖结构的铂类药物,例如经过改造的反式铂类配合物、多核铂类配合物、Pt（Ⅳ）配合物等;（2）发展新的抗肿瘤靶点,例如以G-四螺旋DNA（G4-DNA）为靶点,为寻找更有效的铂类抗肿瘤药物提供新的思路。同时通过列举最新研究成果,分析药物的抗肿瘤机理及在克服顺铂耐药性机理方面的研究进展,提出铂类药物的设计研发方法,让读者了解铂类抗肿瘤药物的发展历程和未来的发展趋势。     

Nucleic Acid Nanostructures and Topology

Knots, polyhedra, and Borromean rings with specific structural and topological features can be made from DNA. Biotechnologists have been exploiting the programmability of DNA intermolecular associations for a quarter of a century. These operations have now been applied successfully to branched DNA species to produce complex target structures (for example, the cube shown in the picture) and a nanomechanical device. The assembly of two-dimensional crystals with programmed topographic characteristics demonstrates the simplicity of translating design into surface structures.     

基于生物芯片的核酸凝胶电泳仪

为克服传统平板凝胶电泳法操作步骤繁琐,实验时间长,以及采用紫外光源可能对人体造成伤害等缺陷,该文研制了一种基于电泳芯片的快速凝胶电泳仪,仅需DNA点样于电泳芯片后,将电泳芯片置于该电泳仪便可实现DNA样品快速分离及实时在线成像检测。以20、50、100 bp DNA ladder为检测对象,在仪器内对其分离效果进行验证及优化,其最佳电泳条件为电压100 V/cm,琼脂糖质量分数分别为2. 5%、1. 0%、1. 4%。结果表明在14 min内可以实现3种DNA样品的高效分离,DNA迁移距离与分子量的相关系数均高于0. 9,且该仪器具有较高的稳定性。     

环糊精超分子组装体与核酸的相互作用

环糊精是一类由6～8个D-型葡萄糖连接而成的环聚多糖分子,目前已广泛应用于化学和生物学的许多领域.综述了一些生物活性的环糊精超分子组装体,如环糊精假聚轮烷、环糊精/金纳米粒子组装体、环糊精/富勒烯组装体、环糊精/碳纳米管组装体等的构筑及其与核酸的相互作用,如对核酸的切割、凝聚、传递作用和对核酸酶的抑制作用等方面的研究进展.     

The Unexpected Base-Pairing Behavior of Cyanuric Acid in RNA and Ribose versus Cyanuric Acid Induced Helicene Assembly of Nucleic Acids: Implications for the Pre-RNA Paradigm

The cyanuric acid (CA) heterocycle forms supramolecular structures with adenine nucleobases/nucleosides and oligonucleotides, leading to speculation that they can act as forerunners to RNA. Herein, the assembly behavior of RNA containing CA and CA–ribose nucleoside was studied. Contrary to previous reports, CA in RNA and the CA-ribonucleoside resulted in destabilization of supramolecular assemblies, which led to a reevaluation of the CA–adenine hexameric rosette structure. An unprecedented noncovalent supramolecular helicene structure is proposed to account for the striking difference in behavior, which has implications for novel paradigms for reorganizing the structures of nucleic acids, the synthesis of long helicenes, and pre-RNA world paradigms. The results caution against extrapolating the self-assembly behavior of individual heterocycles from the level of monomers to oligomers because the base-paring properties of (non-)canonical nucleobases are impacted by the type of oligomeric backbone to which they are attached.     

核酸分子"光开关"的研究进展

综述了核酸分子“光开关”的发展及最新动态 ,阐述了它在核酸分子识别分析中的应用 ,并提出了研究核酸分子“光开关”的一些建议和看法     

Studies on Model Interaction of Keggin-type Polyoxometalates with Nucleic Acid

Keggin anions behave differently from each other when they react with nucleic acids. The molybdenum series exhibits oxidative cleavage activity towards AMP and DNA. The mechanism of AMP damage and DNA cleavage caused by the molybdenum series is mainly oxidation and the oxidation sites are on the ribose parts other than on the adenine parts, while the hydrolysis probably makes significant contributions to the cleavage of DNA and to the damage of AMP caused by the tungsten series.