三七醇回流法与超声法提取工艺比较研究

目的:优选三七药粉醇回流法提取与醇超声法提取最优工艺参数;探讨三七药粉超声提取的可行性,为工业化生产提供依据.方法:以三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1及三种皂苷总和的含量为评价指标,首先采用正交设计试验法筛选三七药粉醇超声提取与醇回流提取各自的最优工艺条件,再用配对t检验法对比分析试验数据.结果:三七醇超声提取最优工艺参数为:三七药材超微粉加入30%的乙醇浸泡30 min,30%乙醇体积为药材量的6倍,超声时间30 min.三七醇回流提取最优工艺参数为:三七药材超微粉加入50%的乙醇浸泡30 min,50%乙醇体积为药材量的10倍,水浴回流时间30 min.三七药粉醇回流与超声提取差别有统计意义,比较均值回流提取优于超声提取.结论:三七采用回流提取为佳,按最优工艺条件提取,三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1及三种皂苷总和的含量较高.     

人参须根中皂苷类成分提取工艺的研究

目的:研究人参须根中皂苷类成分的最佳提取工艺。方法:比较了乙醇回流提取法和超声波提取法提取人参皂苷的差异。在此实验基础上,通过单因素实验和正交实验,筛选出超声波法从人参须根中提取皂苷类成分的最优提取工艺。结果:人参须根中皂苷类成分的最优提取条件为50%乙醇,提取2次,每次40min,提取温度40℃,料液比为1:20。结论:该提取方法操作简单,有效成分的提取率高。     

基于多指标权重分析和均匀设计法优选人参提取工艺

摘要：目的:优选人参提取工艺,为生脉分散片的研究奠定基础。方法:以人参总皂苷、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re、人参皂苷Rb1含量和浸膏得率为评价指标,采用层次分析法（AHP）、CRITIC法、AHP-CRITIC混合加权法确定权重,结合均匀试验结果优选提取工艺的最佳参数。结果:最佳提取工艺为12倍85%乙醇,回流提取2次,每次2 h。结论:AHP-CRITIC混合加权法真实客观,优化得到的最佳提取工艺重复性好,简单可行。     

多指标综合评分法结合Box-Behnken响应面法优选复方龙血竭胶囊提取工艺

摘要：目的:采用Box-Behnken响应面法,以6种有效成分为指标成分,优选复方龙血竭胶囊的提取工艺条件。方法:以提取液中三七皂苷R1、人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、人参皂苷Re、龙血素A及龙血素B含量的综合评分值为考察指标,以乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间为因素,在单因素试验基础上运用Box-Behnken响应面法对复方龙血竭胶囊的提取工艺进行优化并进行验证试验。结果:最佳提取工艺为乙醇浓度58%、料液比22 ml·g-1、提取时间95 min,提取2次;验证试验中3批样品提取后的综合评分值（91.1%）与预测值（90.2%）相比较,相对误差为0.5%（n=3）。结论:优选的提取工艺方法简单、结果稳定,可用于复方龙血竭胶囊上述6种成分的提取。     

正交试验法优选红药片提取工艺研究

目的优选红药片的最佳提取工艺。方法以提取液中人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、三七皂苷R1的含量之和以及总固体得率为指标,采用正交试验法,优选提取工艺。结果处方药材的最佳提取工艺为70%乙醇6倍量,提取3次,1h/次。结论优选的提取工艺各活性部位提取率高。     

广枣四香丸中醇提部位工艺研究

目的 优选广枣四香中醇提部位人参,广枣最佳提取工艺.方法 通过正交实验考察乙醇浓度,加醇体积,提取时间,提取次数4个因素,采用HPLC测定人参皂苷Rg1,Re,Rb1总含量以及紫外分光光度法测定总黄酮,总皂苷.结果 最佳工艺为6倍量70%乙醇提取2次,每次45 min.结论 该提取工艺经济、可行、可控.     

响应曲面法优化人参总皂苷动态连续循环提取工艺

目的优化人参总皂苷的提取工艺。方法在单因素试验考察乙醇体积分数、药材粒径、溶剂流速、浓缩温度对人参总皂苷转移率的影响基础上,通过响应曲面法对人参总皂苷动态连续循环提取工艺进行优化。结果人参总皂苷的含量与所考察3个因素之间关系符合二次回归模型。优化后人参总皂苷的最佳提取工艺为,乙醇体积分数78%,超微粉碎时间10min,溶剂流速24mL/min,浓缩温度65℃。人参总皂苷转移率为85.64%(P<0.0001),验证试验结果与预测值偏差为2.58%,说明该模型比较可靠。结论该方法科学、合理、可行,对人参总皂苷提取工艺应用于实际生产具有重要的参考价值。     

人参叶提取物的制备工艺研究

目的 优选从人参叶提取纯化人参叶提取物的工艺条件及参数. 方法 采用正交实验法确定人参叶的提取工艺,运用静态吸附法优选树脂. 同时用动态吸附法考察样品液浓度、流速、吸附容量等因素对树脂动态吸附性能的影响,并对D101大孔吸附树脂脱附性能进行考察. 用高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Re的含量、用质量法计算人参皂苷得率. 结果提取工艺:取人参叶粗段,加入12倍原药材量的50%乙醇,采用热回流法提取2次,每次提取2 h. 纯化工艺:选择D101大孔吸附树脂(4 cm×16 cm,柱体积140 mL,死体积30 mL)进行树脂动态吸附性能考察,上样浓度为相当于原药材0.4 g&#8226;mL^-1,最大上样量为160 mL,吸附流速为1.5 BV&#8226;h^-1,上样吸附后,分别用6 BV的水、40%乙醇、95%乙醇洗脱,40%乙醇的洗脱部位合并,减压浓缩、干燥,即得提取物. 结论 该提取工艺简便易行,可用于人参叶中人参皂苷的提取纯化.     

酸碱度对人参皂苷提取率及其稳定性影响分析

目的考察酸碱度对人参皂苷浸渍提取及其稳定性的影响。方法采用高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷总含量,以人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Re的含量为考察指标,选用不同酸碱度的乙醇浸渍提取法提取人参皂苷,在加速与常温条件下考察人参皂苷稳定性。结果乙醇pH值为8.7时,人参皂苷提取率最高;人参制剂最稳定的pH值为5.8。结论调节提取溶剂及制剂的酸碱度,可有效提高人参皂苷的稳定性。     

正交试验法优选三七止血贴中三七的提取工艺研究

目的 优选三七止血贴中三七药材的最佳提取工艺.方法 采用正交试验法,以提取液中人参皂苷Rg1、人参皂苷Rb1、三七皂苷R1的总含量为指标,优选药材的提取工艺.结果 药材较优的提取工艺为加70%的乙醇8倍,提取3次,每次0.5 h.结论 优选的提取工艺三七总皂苷提取率高,操作简便,适用于生产.     

红参提取工艺的优化

目的:优化红参的提取工艺。方法:采用正交实验法以人参皂苷的含量及浸膏量作为指标来评价,考察提取的乙醇浓度、提取时间、提取次数、三个主要因素,考察水提取的加入水量、提取时间、提取次数,三个主要因素。结果:优化工艺条件为:醇提和水提相结合,醇提浓度为80%,提取次数为3次,每次1.5小时,水提加入8倍量水,提取次数为3次,每次1.5小时。     

正交试验法优选功血饮颗粒的醇提工艺

目的优选功血饮颗粒的最佳醇提工艺。方法采用正交试验法,以芍药苷和人参皂苷Rg1及浸出物为指标,对功血饮颗粒的醇提工艺进行优选。结果最佳醇提工艺为：加饮片总量为18倍量的70％乙醇分3次回流提取,每次2h。结论该工艺稳定,可行。     

仿生化提取人参皂苷类成分的初步研究

目的:对人参中的皂苷类成分进行仿生化提取。方法:以人参超微粉为原料,分别以仿生溶媒和水作为提取溶剂提取人参皂苷类成分。采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定人参总皂苷的含量;高效液相色谱法测定人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re含量之和,并分析色谱图特征;以成分的提取率为指标比较仿生化和水提取法的优劣。结果:仿生化提取人参总皂苷的提取率为61.31%,人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的总提取率为62.63%;水提取人参总皂苷的提取率为54.26%,人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的总提取率为43.09%。结论:仿生化提取法对人参总皂苷、人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Re的提取效率高于水提取法,且仿生化提取物色谱图中显示有新成分产生。     

Protective effect of fermented Red ginseng on a transient focal ischemic rats

Red ginseng and fermented red ginseng were prepared, and their composition of ginsenosides and antiischemic effect were investigated. When ginseng was steamed at 98-100 degrees C for 4 h and dried for 5 h at 60 degrees C, and extracted with alcohol, its main components were ginsenoside Rg3> ginsenoside Rb1 > ginsenoside Rb2. When the ginseng was suspended in water and fermented for 5 days by previously cultured Bifidobacterium H-1 and freeze-dried (fermented red ginseng), its main components were compound K > ginsenoside Rg3 > or = ginsenoside Rh2. Orally administered red ginseng extract did not protect ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. However, fermented red ginseng significantly protected ischemica-reperfusion brain injury. These results suggest that ginsenoside Rh2 and compound K, which was found to be at a higher content in fermented red ginseng than red ginseng, may improve ischemic brain injury.     

Transformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenoside rh<Subscript>2</Subscript> by acids and human intestinal bacteria and biological activities of their transformants

When ginseng water extract was incubated at 60 degrees C in acidic conditions, its protopanaxadiol ginsenosides were transformed to ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3. However, protopanaxadiol glycoside ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2 and Rc isolated from ginseng were mostly not transformed to ginsenoside Rg3 by the incubation in neutral condition. The transformation of these ginsenosides to ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3 was increased by increasing incubation temperature and time in acidic condition: the optimal incubation time and temperature for this transformation was 5 h and 60 degrees C resepectively. The transformed ginsenoside Rg3 and delta20-ginsenoside Rg3 were metabolized to ginsenoside Rh2 and delta20-ginsenoside Rh2, respectively, by human fecal microflora. Among the bacteria isolated from human fecal microflora, Bacteroides sp., Bifidobacterium sp. and Fusobacterium sp. potently transformed ginsenoside Rg3 to ginsenoside Rh2. Acid-treated ginseng (AG) extract, fermented AG extract, ginsenoside Rh2 and protopanaxadiol showed potent cytotoxicity against tumor cell lines. AG extract, fermented AG extract and protopanaxadiol potently inhibited the growth of Helicobacter pylori.     

各种不同年龄人参的皂苷含量及其抗小鼠肿瘤的作用(英文)

AIM: To compare the anticarcinogenic effects of fresh, white, and red ginseng (Panax ginseng C A Meyer) roots and their saponins. METHODS: Lung adenoma in newborn N : GP ( S) mice was induced by a subcutaneous injection of benzo(a)pyrene 0.5 mg. After weaning, ginseng powders or extracts were given in the drinking water for 6 wk. In the 9th wk the incidence and multiplicity of lung adenoma were counted. RESULTS: Anticarcinogenic effects were found in 6-year-dried fresh ginseng, 5- and 6-year white ginseng, and 4-, 5-, and 6-year-red ginseng powders. Anticarcinogenic effects were also found in 6-year-dried fresh ginseng, 5- and 6-year-white ginseng, and 4-, 5-, and 6-year-red ginseng extracts. The content of major ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2> RC. Rd,Re, Rf,Rg1 showed a little higher tendency in fresh or white ginsengs than red ginseng. This tendency was increased as the cultivation ages were increased. But there was no relationship was found between ginsenoside contents and preparation types or cultivation age