负催化吸光光度法测定头发中铜

关于催化动力学法测定微量铜的报道甚多,但都属正催化,利用负催化吸光光度法测定铜的报道却很少。本文研究了铜在水和乙醇介质中对过氧化氢氧化甲基红的褪色反应的负催化作用,拟定了测定铜的新方法。该法用于人发中微量铜的测定,结果令人满意。本法也可用于其它样品中微量铜的测定。     

铜锍中铜含量测定的研究

根据铜锍的组成结构特点,建立了一种测定铜锍中铜含量的方法,重点讨论了混合酸对铜锍进行溶解的前处理及样品滴定过程。方法铜的测定范围：4.80%~32.00%,回收率：97.70%~101.26%,精密度即标准偏差：0.026 %~0.10%。该方法能够较好地解决铜锍中铜含量测定难的问题。     

碘量法测定铜锍中铜含量

根据铜锍的组成结构特点,建立了一种测定铜锍中铜含量的方法,重点讨论了混合酸对铜锍进行溶解的前处理及样品滴定过程。在4.80%~32.00%铜的测定范围内,加标回收率为97.70%~101.26%,相对标准偏差为0.24%~0.53%。方法能够较好地解决铜锍中铜含量测定难的问题。     

铜铁试剂的交流示波极谱滴定法研究

提出了用交流示波极谱滴定法测定铜合金中的铜和测定铜铁试剂的方法。该法快速、准确、终点直观。测定了铜合金中的铜,变动系数0.07％～0.17％。考察了紫外光照射下铜铁试剂的动力学行为。     

铜催化抗坏血酸还原酸性铬深蓝动力学光度法测定痕量铜

在乙酸-乙酸钠介质中,以邻菲罗啉为活化剂,铜对抗坏血酸还原酸性铬深蓝具有强烈的催化作用,测定了反应的表观活化能,探讨了反应机理,建立了测定痕量铜的催化动力学新方法,测定的线性范围为2.5～60ng·ml~(-1),直接用于食品及人发中铜的测定。结果满意。     

KIO4-结晶紫体系-微波消解催化动力学光度法测定中草药中的痕量铜

铜是人体必需的微量元素之一,人体内铜的含量为100～150mg。铜在人体中具有造血,促进骨骼、血管和皮肤健康的生理功能,是人体中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的重要成分。因此建立高灵敏度测定水、食物、药物中铜的方法十分重要。催化动力学光度法测定痕量铜的研究报道较多〔1-3〕,但利用KIO4氧化结晶紫(CV)作为测定铜的方法则未见报道。笔者发现在pH5.0的HAc-NaAc缓冲体系中,痕量铜对KIO4氧化CV的褪色反应有明显的催化作用,探讨了反应的最佳条件,建立了催化动力学光度法测定铜的新方法,研究了动力学参数。该法可应用于水、食物、中草药中痕…     

催化动力学光度法测定食品中痕量铜

铜是人体内多种酶的活性成分，对人体的新陈代谢有重要的调节作用。人体主要从食物中摄取铜，因此研究测定食品中痕量铜的方法具有实际意义。近年发展起来的催化动力学光度法，对铜的测定非常灵敏。研究发现，在硝酸介质中痕量铜对过氧化氢氧化甲基紫褪色反应有显著的催化作用。本文建立了动力学光度法测定痕量铜的方法，方法应用于食品中痕量铜的分析。     

催化荧光法测定痕量铜—Cu（Ⅱ）—藏红T—H2O2体系

本文研究了在氨性介质中,铜(Ⅱ)催化过氧化氢氧化藏红T褪色,使荧光减弱的指示反应。建立了催化荧光法测定痕量铜的新方法。铜量在0.1～2ng/mL范围内呈线性关系。应用于食品中痕量铜的测定,结果满意。     

铜锆中间合金中铜、锆含量的联合测定

研究了铜锆中间合金中铜、锆的测定方法。试样经高氯酸、硝酸分解后,采用电解法测定铜:分离铜后的电解液,经盐酸处理后以二甲酚橙为指示剂,用EDTA标准溶液滴定测定锆。该方法简便,具有良好的精密度和准确度,相对标准偏差分别为铜0.19％。锆0.15％。     

碱熔酸浸试样–碘量法测定铜冶炼白烟尘中的铜

建立碱熔酸浸试样–碘量法测定铜冶炼白烟尘中铜的方法。采用氢氧化钾–硝酸钾混合溶剂熔融试样,用盐酸浸取,以溴消除砷、锑等元素的干扰,用碘量法测定铜的含量。对滴定条件及共存元素的干扰和消除进行了验证,从而确定了最佳测定条件。实验最佳条件:4 g氢氧化钾和0.5 g硝酸钾混合溶剂;马弗炉温度650 ℃;样品称样量0.300 0 g;硫代硫酸钠标准溶液浓度0.02 mol/L。采用该实验条件,铜冶炼白烟尘中的铜测定结果相对标准偏差在0.37%~0.83%之间(n=10),样品加标回收率为98.30%~101.40%。该方法分析时间短,测定结果准确可靠,具有良好的精密度,可用于铜冶炼白烟尘中铜的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.