心房纤颤病人室性早搏与心室内差异性传导鉴别诊断的新方法及其…

为了鉴别心房纤颤时出现的室性早搏（ＶＰＢ）与室内差异性传导（ＩＶＡＣ），本文引用了ＱＲＳ空间心电向量模，模导数按时间轴展开的计算机分析描记方法，对９５例患者做了临床测试，得出了六个鉴别指标，两个差别方程，然后对１２名患者做了临床试用诊断，效果极佳。     

心房纤颤病人室性早搏与心室内差异性传导鉴别诊断的新方法及其应用

为了鉴别心房纤颤时出现的室性早搏（ＶＰＢ）与室内差异性传导（ＩＶＡＣ），本文引用了ＱＲＳ空间心电向量模，模导数按时间轴展开的计算机分析描记方法，对９５例患者做了临床测试，得出了六个鉴别指标，两个判别方程，然后对１２名患者做了临床试用诊断，效果极佳。     

流产妇女CoxsackieB病毒感染

流产妇女ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ病毒感染［英］／［Ａｘｅｌｓ－ｓｏｎＣ．．．ＪＭｅｄＶｉｒｏｌ，－１９９３，２８２－３９］为了研究ＣｏｘｓａｃｋｉｅＢ病毒１－５型（ＣＢＶ１－５）作为流产的病原学因素，对９７名流产妇女用放射免疫分析检测了ＣＢＶ－ＩｇＭ，并...     

乙肝慢性无症状携带者（AsC）孕妇与垂直传播的临床研究

乙型肝炎慢性无症状携带者（ＡｓＣ）是我国乙肝病毒（ＨＢＶ）传播的主要来源。ＡｓＣ孕妇可引起婴儿垂直传播和出生后的水平感染,形成人群ＡｓＣ和ＨＢＶ贮存率［１］。ＡｓＣ小儿极少自行转阴,一部分成年后转变为各型肝炎,甚至直硬化和肝癌［１］。为了解ＡｓＣ母婴传播情况,我们于１９９７年１月至１９９８年７月对ＡｓＣ产妇的静脉血、新生儿脐血、初乳进行配对研究。现将结果报道如下。资料与方法一、ＡｓＣ产妇的筛选和确定：随机普查妊娠期孕妇静脉血ＨＢＶ标志物（ＨＢＶＭ）,根据其中任何一项阳性确定为ＨＢＶ感染,（因孕妇…     

鲁西南地区乙型肝炎患者丙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查

鲁西南地区乙型肝炎患者丙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查李进秋，司佩任，杨今国，刘本玉乙型肝炎病毒（ＨＢＶ）和丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）先后或同时感染同一个体临床并非少见［１］。为了解本地区乙型肝炎（乙肝）患者中ＨＣＶ的感染状况，探讨ＨＢＶ／ＨＣＶ重叠感染对乙型肝...     

扩展对器官移植受者进行CMV特异性IgM抗体检测的8种市售酶联免疫吸附试剂的评估

扩展对器官移植受者进行ＣＭＶ特异性ＩｇＭ抗体检测的８种市售酶联免疫吸附试剂的评估［英］／［ＧｒａｙＪ．．．ＳｅｒｏｄｉａｇｎＩｍｍｕｎｏｔｈｅｒＩｎｆｅｃｔＤｉｓ．－１９９４，６．－２５］作者用１５２份血清标本，对检测巨细胞病毒（ＣＭＶ）ＩｇＭ抗体８...     

在急、慢性HCV感染外周血单核细胞中HCV-RNA比较

在急、慢性ＨＣＶ感染外周血单核细胞中ＨＣＶ－ＲＮＡ比较［英］／ＴｉｎｇＴｓｕｎｇＣｈａｎｇ…／／Ｈｅｐａｔｏｌｏｇｙ，Ｍａｙ．１９９６，２３（５）．－９９７～９８１ＨＣＶ可以感染慢性乙型肝炎患者外周血单核细胞（ＰＢＭＣ）。而没有急性丙型肝炎ＰＢＭＣ存...     

HCV和HBV感染相关慢性肝炎的循环免疫复合物

００８ＨＣＶ和ＨＢＶ感染相关慢性肝炎的循环免疫复合物［英］／ＴｓａｉＪＦ…／／ＣｌｉｎＩｍｍｕｎｏｌＩｍ－ｍｕｎｏｐａｔｈｏｌ，－１９９５，７５（１）．－３９～４４循环免疫复合物（ＣＩＣ）在丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）相关疾病发病机理中的作用尚不明。本研究...     

丙肝病毒感染的家庭内传播

丙肝病毒感染的家庭内传播［英］／Ｇａｒｃｉａ－ＢｅｎｇｏｅｃｈｅａＭ…／／ＳｃａｎｄＪＩｎｆｅｃｔＤｉｓ．－１９９４，２６．－１５作者对１６１名慢性丙肝患者（指示病人）的４０１名居家接触者的丙肝病毒抗体（抗－ＨＣＶ）流行率进行了评价。这些指示病人都没...     

用不确定丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）重组免疫斑点测定法检测的人类免疫缺陷病毒阴性或阳性病人的HCV病毒血症

用不确定丙型肝炎病毒（ＨＣＶ）重组免疫斑点测定法检测的人类免疫缺陷病毒阴性或阳性病人的ＨＣＶ病毒血症［英］／Ｍａｒｃｅｌｌｉｎｐ…／／ＩｎｆｅｃｔＤｉｓ．－１９９４，１７０（２）．－３３～４３５抗ＨＣＶ抗体可以用ＥＬＩＳＡ和重组免疫斑点测定法（ｒｅｃ...     

心肌炎在心电向量模及模变化率中的新特征

应用计算机将空间心电向量模、摸变化率按时间序列展开，通过对“心肌炎”患者进行测试，提出QRS空间模主岭挫折，模变化率出现多峰等新的诊断指标。     

国人尺骨静态弹性范围内力学性质的测定

试验采用３０～３５岁年龄组，男性坚固无损的干燥尺骨与３５岁男性死后仅１２小时冷藏新鲜尺骨，均截取相同的部位，制成整体试件，分１２组，分别在ＺＤＭ－１０型万能材料试验机、Ｙ型杠杆引伸仪或用应变片在ＹＪ－５型电阻应变仪上进行测定，　描绘出应力应变曲线：且将干燥尺骨与新鲜尺骨的测试结果做了对比。     

ERP单次提取中的小波变换模极大值恢复算法

自发脑电的频谱不规则,与有效信号ＥＲＰ频谱相重叠,传统滤波方法难以奏效。但由于随机噪声奇异性指数与有效信号奇异性指数大小不一样,小波变换模极大值在不同尺度下传播行为也不一样,据此可将有效信号从随机噪声中提取出来。我们发现利用小波变换模极大值算法可以提取出单次ＥＲＰ,并将此方法用于１１名被试听觉的实时提取研究。     

足部相关肌肉、肌腱组织材料弹性模量的测定

背景：目前,几乎所有足部三维有限元模型的材料参数均来自国外研究,尚未见有关国人组织材料参数的测量与报道。 目的：对国人足部的相关肌肉、肌腱材料做测量,获得初步的参数数据。 方法：解剖成年女性左小腿足新鲜标本拇长屈肌及其肌腱、拇短屈肌内外侧头、拇长伸肌及其肌腱、拇收肌横头及斜头、拇展肌,分别测量和计算各试样的截面积和位于夹具之间的长度并记录数值,将标本加载载荷,1个测样反复测量4次,采集强度极限、最大载荷等数据,以及载荷-位移曲线。根据胡克定律,计算各标本的弹性模量。 结果与结论：共得到了包括拇长伸肌、拇长屈肌、拇收肌、拇展肌横头和斜头、拇短屈肌内外侧头、拇长屈肌腱、拇长伸肌腱9个样本的相关测量数据,主要包括长度、宽度、厚度、横截面积、最大载荷、强度极限和弹性模量。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料;骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性;组织工程全文链接：     

In vivo stiffness properties of the canine diaphragm muscle

A measuring system used to monitor the orthogonal stresses and strains in the plane of the passive canine diaphragm musclein vivo is described. The system consists of four topically applied force-displacement transducers, a laser-camera subsystem to determine the local radii of curvature and an abdominally situated pressure transducer. Experimental results show that the passive musclein situ behaves as an anisotropic linearly elastic material for loads in the physiological range. A model is proposed which describes the diaphragm's response to load in terms of two moduli. Values obtained experimentally for the moduli are discussed.     

Osteoblast Elastic Modulus Measured by Atomic Force Microscopy Is Substrate Dependent

The actin and microtubule cytoskeleton have been found to contribute to the elastic modulus of cells, which may be modulated by adhesion to extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and subsequent alterations in the cytoskeleton. In this study, the apparent elastic modulus (E_app) of osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells adhered to fibronectin (FN), vitronectin (VN), type I collagen (COLI), fetal bovine serum (FBS), or poly-l-lysine (PLL), and bare glass were determined using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The E_app of osteoblasts adhered to ECM proteins (FN, VN, COLI, and FBS) that bind cells via integrins were higher compared to cells on glass and PLL, which adhere cells through nonspecific binding. Also, osteoblasts adhered to FN, VN, COLI, and FBS had F-actin stress fiber formation, while osteoblasts on glass and PLL showed few F-actin fibers. Disruption of the actin cytoskeleton decreased E_app of osteoblasts plated on FN to the level of osteoblasts plated on glass, while microtubule disruption had no significant effect. This suggests that the elevated modulus of osteoblasts adhered to FN was due to remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton upon adhesion to ECM proteins. Modulation of cell stiffness upon adhesion to various substrates may influence mechanosignal transduction in osteoblasts.     

Synthesis and characterization of segmented poly(esterurethane urea) elastomers for bone tissue engineering

Segmented polyurethanes have been used extensively in implantable medical devices, but their tunable mechanical properties make them attractive for examining the effect of biomaterial modulus on engineered musculoskeletal tissue development. In this study, a family of segmented degradable poly(esterurethane urea)s (PEUURs) were synthesized from 1,4-diisocyanatobutane, a poly(epsilon-caprolactone) (PCL) macrodiol soft segment and a tyramine-1,4-diisocyanatobutane-tyramine chain extender. By systematically increasing the PCL macrodiol molecular weight from 1100 to 2700Da, the storage modulus, crystallinity and melting point of the PCL segment were systematically varied. In particular, the melting temperature, T(m), increased from 21 to 61 degrees C and the storage modulus at 37 degrees C increased from 52 to 278MPa with increasing PCL macrodiol molecular weight, suggesting that the crystallinity of the PCL macrodiol contributed significantly to the mechanical properties of the polymers. Bone marrow stromal cells were cultured on rigid polymer films under osteogenic conditions for up to 21 days. Cell density, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteopontin and osteocalcin expression were similar among PEUURs and comparable to poly(d,l-lactic-coglycolic acid). This study demonstrates the suitability of this family of PEUURs for tissue engineering applications, and establishes a foundation for determining the effect of biomaterial modulus on bone tissue development.     

不同孔隙率多孔钛铌合金的生物力学强度及细胞生物相容性

BACKGROUND: Titanium-niobium alloy holds high biomechanical strength and low elastic modulus that is close to the human cortical bone, so it has been extensively used as implant materials of dental, orthopedics and artificial hip joints. OBJECTIVE: To observe the biomechanical strength and cytocompatibility of porous titanium-niobium alloys with different porosities. METHODS: Porous titanium-niobium alloys with the porosity of 40% and 70% were prepared using powder metallurgy technology. Afterwards, the pore size, elasticity modulus and compressive strength of the two alloys were detected. Then the rabbit bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were seeded onto the 40% and 70% porous titanium-niobium alloys, and cell adhesion and proliferation were observed at 3, 24 and 72 hours after inoculation, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Pore size of porous titanium-niobium alloys with rough surface was 200-500 μm, and both main pore size was 350 and 400 μm, and there was three-dimensional connectivity between the pores; in the 70% group, honeycombed pores were partly fractured, and connected mutually; pores distributed unevenly and there was little communication between the pores in the 40% group. In addition, both groups had high compressive strength and low elastic modulus, but there was no difference between the two groups. Furthermore, both two alloys promoted cell adhesion, and the number of cell adhesion in the 70% group was significantly higher than that in the 40% group (P < 0.05), and extracellular matrix could be found in the 70% group. These results show that porous titanium-niobium alloy with the porosity of 70% is significantly conducive to cell adhesion.     

Fatigue is More Damaging than Creep in Ligament Revealed by Modulus Reduction and Residual Strength

Following injury of a complementary joint restraint, ligaments can be subjected to higher than normal stresses. Normal ligaments are exposed to static (creep) and cyclic (fatigue) loading from which damage can accumulate at these higher than normal stresses. This study tracked damage accumulation during creep and fatigue loading of normal rabbit medial collateral ligaments (MCLs) over a range of stresses, using modulus reduction as a marker of damage. Creep tests were interrupted occasionally with unloading/reloading cycles to measure modulus. Test stresses were normalized to ultimate tensile strength (UTS): 60%, 30%, and 15% UTS. Not all creep and fatigues tests progressed until rupture but were stopped and followed by an assessment of the residual strength of that partially damaged ligament using a monotonic failure test. Fatigue loading caused earlier modulus reduction than creep. Modulus reduction occurred at lower increases in strain (strain relative to initial strain) for fatigue than creep. In other words, at the same time or increase in strain, fatigue is more damaging than creep because the modulus ratio reduction is greater. These findings suggest that creep and fatigue have different strain and damage mechanisms. Ligaments exposed to creep or fatigue loading which produced a modulus reduction had decreased residual strength and increased toe-region strain in a subsequent monotonic failure test. This finding confirmed that modulus reduction during creep and fatigue is a suitable marker of partial damage in ligament. Cyclic loading caused damage earlier than static loading, likely an important consideration when ligaments are loaded to higher than normal magnitudes following injury of a complementary joint restraint.