槲皮素对血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙的影响

研究槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙浓度的影响及钙对槲皮素的血小板聚集抑制效应的作用,本实验应用荧光钙离子指示剂观察槲皮素对血小板胞浆游离钙的影响。表明,槲皮素明显抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集和游离钙的升高。IC50和95％可信区间分别为146.2(92.4～231.3)和78.5(49.5～124.4)μmol·L~(-1),槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的钙释放无影响,抑制钙内流是槲皮素抑制血小板聚集和〔ca~(2+)〕i升高的机制。     

山莨菪碱对凝血酶诱导的血小板钙内流的影响

血小板在生理性止血及某些病理过程中起着重要作用。近年研究表明,血小板激活时,发生钙离子动员,即胞内钙离子释放和胞外钙离子内流,血小板内胞浆游离钙浓度升高,血小板发生变形,释放和聚集反应,提示钙离子作为第二信使调节血小板功能。本文以正常人血小板为研究对象,采用钙离子荧光指示剂Quin2-AM,测定血小板胞浆游离钙离子浓度,观察正常人血小板静息胞浆游离钙离子浓度,凝血酶对血小板钙转运的影响以及山莨菪碱对凝血酶诱导的钙内流的作用。结果表明,正常人血小板静息胞浆钙离子浓度为115 31nmol/L(n=16)凝血酶可在30s内迅速引起胞浆钙离子浓度升高,1～3min内达高峰。如以     

苯海索抗血小板聚集作用与细胞外Ca~(2 )浓度的关系

以比浊度法观察苯海索对体外血小板聚集功能的影响。实验结果表明０００１～１０００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ苯海索可明显抑制凝血酶诱导的人血小板聚集及ＡＤＰ诱导的大鼠血小板聚集，并呈剂量依赖性。其抗血小板聚集作用随着细胞外Ｃａ２＋增加与降低而呈现减弱和增强现象。结果提示：苯海索的抗血小板聚集作用可能与抗钙作用有关     

槲皮素对血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙的影响

研究槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集和胞浆游离钙浓度的影响及钙对槲皮素的血小板聚集制剂效应的作用。本实验荧光钙离子指示剂观察槲皮素对血小权胞浆游离钙的影响。表明，槲皮素明显抑制凝血酶诱因小板聚集和游离钙的升高。ＩＣ５０和９５％可信区间分别为１４６．２（９２．４－２３１．３）和７８．５（４９．５－１２４．４）μｍｏｌ．Ｌ＾－１，槲皮素对凝血酶诱导的钙释放无影响，抑制钙内流是槲皮素抑制血波板聚集和「Ｃdi     

丙咪嗪对人血小板胞浆游离钙的影响

目的：观察丙咪嗪体外对人血小板胞浆游离钙的影响。方法：用Ｆｕｒａ２－ＡＭ荧光钙离子指示剂在体外测定人血小板胞浆游离钙离子浓度。结果：丙咪嗪明显抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板胞浆游离钙的升高，ＩＣ５０（ｉｎｈｉｂｉｔｏｒｙｃｏｎｃｅｎｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆ５０％）为２０．０μｍｏｌ／Ｌ。丙咪嗪对凝血酶诱导的内钙释放亦有明显抑制作用（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论：丙咪嗪不仅明显抑制人血小板胞外Ｃａ２＋跨膜内流而且抑制胞内储存Ｃａ２＋释放     

苯海索抗血小板聚集作用与细胞外Ca^2＋浓度的关系

以比浊法度法观察苯海索对体外血小板聚集功能的影响。实验结果表明，０．００１－１．０００ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ苯海索可明显抑制凝血酶诱导的人血小板聚集ＡＤＰ诱导的大鼠血小板聚集，并呈剂量依赖性，其抗血小板聚集作用随着细胞外Ｃａ６２＋增加与降低而呈现减弱和增强现象。     

苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内游离钙含量的影响

目的：观察苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内游离钙([Ca^2 ]i)含量的影响。方法：体外培养大鼠皮层神经细胞，加入谷氨酸观察细胞内[Ca^2 ]i,培养液一氧化氮（NO含量的变化及苯海索的干预作用。结果：加入谷氨酸后细胞内[Ca^2 ]i、细胞死亡数、NO含量显著升高，苯海索各浓度显著抑制[Ca^2 ]i及NO的升高，减少细胞死亡。结论：苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内[Ca^2 ]i、NO含量的升高具有抑制作用，其机制可能与钙拮抗作用有关。     

苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内游离钙含量的影响

目的：观察苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内游离钙含量的影响。方法：体外培养大鼠皮层神经细胞。加入谷氨酸观察细胞内[Ca^2 ]i，培养液一氧化氮含量的变化及苯海索的干预作用。结果：加入谷氨酸后细胞内[Ca^2 ]i、细胞死亡数、一氧化氮含量显著升高，苯海索各浓度显著抑制[Ca^2 ]i及一氧化氮的升高，减少细胞死亡。结论：苯海索对谷氨酸引起的神经细胞内[Ca^2 ]i、一氧化氮含量的升高具有抑制作用，其机制可能与钙桔抗作用有关。     

Y-909对血小板功能的影响

Y-909是已知磷酸二酯酶抑制剂CI-930的类似物。本实验发现Y-909(1O~(-)～10~(-5)M)明显抑制凝血酶诱导的血小板聚集。IC_(50)为1.1×10~(-7)M.用钙的荧光指示剂quin-z标记血小板测胞浆游离钙水平,发现该药(10~(-7)～10~(-4))也抑制凝血酶诱导的胞浆游离钙水平的增加。IC50为1.2×10~(-6)M。抑制钙释放以及钙内流的IG_(50)分别为1.1×10~(-7)和1.4×10~(-6)M。本实验提示Y-909是一种新的血小板功能抑制剂,其抑制血小板聚集的机理与降低血小板胞浆游离钙水平有关。     

槲皮素对血小板激活时胞浆游离钙的影响

采用钙荧光指示剂Ｑｕｉｎ－２定量测试法观察了槲皮素对血小板胞浆内游离钙浓度的影响。结果发现，槲皮素２５￣４００μｍｏｌ／Ｌ能剂量依赖性地抑制凝血酶引起的血小板胞浆游离钙［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ的升高（ＩＣ５０和９５％可信区间为７８．５（４９．５￣１２４．４）μｍｏｌ／Ｌ）；但不能抑制同等剂量凝血酶所引起的胞内贮存钙的释放；抑制钙内流可能是槲皮素抑制血小板聚集和［Ｃａ＾２＋］ｉ升高的机制。     

Value of D-Dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection

Objective: To evaluatel the value of D-dimers in patients with acute aortic dissection (AAD). Methods: This study consisted of 16 patients with AAD and 27 non-AAD patients. Serum D-dimets were measured by Sta-Liatest D-DI immunoturbidimetric assay. Results: D-dimer level was higher (P ＜ 0.001) in patients with AAD(7.91 ± 5.52 μg/ml) than that in non- AAD group(1.57±1.24 μg/ml). D-dimer was positive (＞0.4 μg/ml) in all patients with AAD and in 10 control group patients (37%). Among patients with acute AAD, D-dimers tended to be higher in Stanford A than in Stanford B (8.67 ± 4.31 μg/ml vs. 3.24±1.27 μg/ml, P ＜0.01). D-dimer values tended to be higher in more extended disease(3.84 ± 1.65 μg/ml, 8.57 ± 3.58 μg/ml and 11.87 ± 5.69 μg/ml in thoracic aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta, thoracic and abdominal aorta and iliacal arteries, respectively, P ＜ 0.05 for both 8.57 ± 3.58 and 11.87 ± 5.69 vs. 3.84 ± 1.65 ). Including the control group into the analysis, we found a sensitivity of 100%, a negative predictive value of 100%, and a specificity of 66% and a positive predictive value of 64% for D-dimer in diagnosis of AAD in our patients with suspected AAD. Conclusion: D-dimer was elevated in patients with AAD. A negative D-dimer test result could be useful in excluding AAD.     

Research of combined liver-kidney transplantation model in rats

Objective： To set up a simple and reliable rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation. Methods： SD rats served as both donors and recipients. 4℃ sodium lactate Ringer＇s was infused from portal veins to donated livers,and from abdominal aorta to donated kidneys, respectively. Anastomosis of the portal vein and the inferior vena cava （IVC） inferior to the right kidney between the graft and the recipient was performed by a double cuff method, then the superior hepatic vena cava with suture. A patch of donated renal artery was anastomosed to the recipient abdominal aorta. The urethra and bile duct were reconstructed with a simple inside bracket. Results： Among 65 cases of combined liver-kidney transplantation, the success rate in the late 40 cases was 77.5%. The function of the grafted liver and kidney remained normal. Conclusion： This rat model of combined liver-kidney transplantation can be established in common laboratory conditions with high success rate and meet the needs of renal transplantation experiment.     

安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术后生活质量影响的研究

目的：评价使用安心颗粒对急诊经皮冠状动脉介入术（PPCI）术后生活质量的影响.方法：将160例接受PPCI的急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者随机分为安心颗粒组（术前顿服安心颗粒8.8g,术后安心颗粒4.4 g/次,每日2次）和对照组（仅接受基础药物治疗）.所有患者均服用阿司匹林、氯吡格雷和阿托伐他汀.分别在入院时、出院前1d、出院后180 d时,应用心肌梗死多维度量表（MIDAS）、中文版SF-36评价量表对患者生活质量评分.并观察术后30 d以内的出血并发症、血小板减少症发生情况.结果：入院时和出院前1d,两组患者的心肌梗死MIDAS、SF-36量表评分比较无差异（P＞0.05）;出院后180 d时,与对照组比较,安心颗粒组MIDAS、SF-36评分明显减低（P＜0.05）;组内与入院时比较,两组出院前1d、出院后180 d时,MIDAS、SF-36评分均降低（P＜0.05）.两组患者在随访期间均无大量出血、少量出血、重度和极重度血小板减少症发生,安心颗粒组有4例、对照组有7例发生不明显出血（P＞0.05）.两组发生轻度血小板减少症的患者数比较无差异（P＞0.05）.结论：PPCI使用安心颗粒,能改善急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死患者的生活质量,且不增加出血风险.     

The comparative studies of the influences of Urapidil and Nicardipine on sino-atrial node function, atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics

Objective:To investigate the influences of urapidil and nicardipine on rabbit sinus function,atrio-ventricular node function and hemodynamics.Methods:Thirty-two Angora's rabbits were selected and randomly divided into four groups.U1 group:urapidil 0.25 mg/kg;U2 group:urapidil 0.5 mg/kg;N1 group:nicardipine 10 μg/kg;N2 group:nicardipine 20 μg/kg.All these medicine were administrated within 30 seconds.Measurements were taken before and after the administration of urapidil or nicardipine for the following data:mean blood pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),sino-atrial conduction time(SACT),maximal sinoatrial recovery time(SNRTmax)corrected sinus node recovery time(CSNRT),index of sinus node recovery time(SNRTI),Wenckebach A-V conduction frequency (WB),and P-R interval.Results:Significant MAP and HR changes were identified in all of the four groups before and after administration of both urapidil and nicardipine.No significant changes could be found in the rest of the parameters.Intergroup analysis showed that SACT and CSNRT of N1 and N2 groups were shorter than those of the U2 group(P＜0.01);the MAP decreased(P＜0.01)and the HR increased drastically(P＜0.01).Conclusions:Neither urapidil(0.25 mg/kg,0.5 mg/kg)nor nicardipine(10μg/kg,20μg/kg)has any significant influence on rabbit sinus function or rabbit atrio-ventricular node function.Nicardipine could be a better choice than urapidil for parafunctional sinus node patients.     

Expression of OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the patients of hip fracture due to osteoporosis

Objective：To investigate the gene expression of osteoprotegerin（OPG） and osteoclast differentiation factor（ODF） in the bone tissue of patients with hip fracture due to osteoporosis. Methods：OPGmRNA and ODFmRNA in the bone tissue in 50 cases of osteoporosis sufferers（over 50 years old） with hip fracture（Observer Group） and 30 cases of hip facture sufferers with no osteoporosis（Control group） were analyzed with the Semi-Quantitative RT-PCR method. Results：The mRNA expressed of ODF, OPG were both high in the patients with hip fracture. In the control group, the expression of OPG mRNA was observed, while the expression of ODF mRNA was very slight. Conclusion：Aged patients contained all signals including OPG, ODF that are essential for inducing osteoclastogenesis and promoting bone resorption.     

The clinicopathological and immuohistochemical analysis of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas： report of 9 cases

Objective：To investigate the clinical features, pathological characteristics and immunophenotype of solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas（SPTP）. Methods：Nine surgically treated cases of SPTP were retrospectively reviewed. Hematoxylin and Eosin（HE） staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to analyze all cases, and the general clinical data was collected. Results：Six patients were asymptomatic except for a palpable mass. Two patients complained of vague-epigastric pain. One patient appeared jaundice. The tumor was encapsulated and solid tissues alternately with cystic tissues. Histologically, the histological structure of solid portion was pseudopapillary with a fibrovascular core. Tumor cells were uniform and medium-sized which were arranged in sheets ets or nests or pseudopapillary patterns. Immunohistochemical studies demonstrated that SPTP proved positive in vimentin（9/9 cases）, AAT（9/9 cases）, NSE（9/9 cases）, ACT（7/9 cases）, CK20（2/9 cases）, CgA（1/9 cases）, S-100（3/gcases）, PR（4/gcases）, Syn（3/9 cases） and CD56（5/9cases）, negative in CEA and ER. Conclusion：SPTP is a tumor predominantly occurring in young women frequently without special symptoms. This tumor has various characteristical histological patterns with different immunophenotype.     

Electro-Acupuncture Combined with the Trigger Point Needle-Embedding for Treatment of Primary Trigeminal Neuralgia in 31 Cases

In recent years, the author of this essay has applied electro-acupuncture combined with the trigger point needle-embedding for treatment of primary trigeminal neuralgia in 31 cases, yielding satis- factory results as reported in the following.     

Investigation of Matrix Metalloproteinase -1, 2 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 in Endometriosis

Objective： To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase-1,2 （MMP-1, MMP-2） and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinases-1 （TIMP-1） in endometriosis. Methods： The eutopic and ectopic endometria from 40 subjects suffering from endometriosis and regular.endometria from 40 subjects （excluding endometriosis） were collected and examined by in situ hybridization technology and western blot assay. Results： Both expressions of MMP-1 and -2 were stronger in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium than in normal endometrium. On the contrary, the expression of TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium and eutopic endometrium was lower. The differences were significant （P 〈 0.01 ）. Moreover, there was no relationship among the expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 in ectopic endometrium. Conclusion： The expressions of MMP-1, 2 and TIMP-1 lose balance and lack of periodic changes in ectopic endometrium , which explains the biological invasive behavior of endometriosis. It was suggested-that regulating the balance between the MMPs and TIMP-1 should be an ideal therapeutic target to endometriosis.     

Shi Da-zhuo (史大卓) —An outstanding cardiologist of integrative medicine

Prof. SHI Da-zhuo, Ph.D., male, was born on March 20, 1960. Prof. SHI entered the Ph.D. program in 1990 at the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences under the supervision of Prof. CHEN Ke-ji, majoring in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. After receiving his Ph.D. degree in 1993, Prof. SHI started working at the Cardiovascular Center in Xiyuan Hospital affiliated to China Academy of Chinese Medical sciences.     

Persist in and Carry Forward the Integrative Medical Research——Speech at the 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine by Academician CHEN Zhu,Minister of Ministry of Health

The 6th National General Congress of Chinese Association of Integrative Medicine （CALM） was convened at 19-20, April 2008 in Beijing. Academician CHEN Zhu, the minister of Ministry of Health indicated at the congress that the integration of Chinese and Western medicine is very well in keeping with the situation of our country and the general rule of development in medical science; and as a good integration of Chinese medicine and Western medicine, it is mutually beneficial and advantageous to both of them. Seeing the creativity shown in integrative medical investigation in theoretic and methodological sides, we should and must persist in and develop it.