平推滑坡式危岩崩塌诱因机制及防治措施

以四川巴中通江县寨槽平推滑坡式崩塌为案例,通过分析平推滑坡式危岩崩塌的形成条件、诱因机制,得出防治措施。形态上,基岩陡壁上方发育一组平行坡面走向、宽度为1 m、两侧封闭的张拉裂缝。强降雨时,地表水的汇集流入裂缝,除了本身具有静水压力和动水压力以外,还有瞬时高水头在裂缝中的劈楔作用,促进了裂缝的发展。坡体上部的砂岩层也会沿着软弱夹层向外推挤,当挤移产生临空面时,就会导致崩塌发生,该模式是先平推推移、崩塌、再推移、再崩塌的模式。为了彻底消除该类型崩塌体的灾害隐患,在治理崩塌的前提下,还必须考虑减轻水对该坡体的影响,并应考虑防止裂缝的工程措施。     

蓉遵高速仁怀—赤水段大石沟边坡破坏机理模拟研究

以蓉遵高速仁怀—赤水段大石沟边坡为研究对象,具体探讨贵州红层边坡的破坏过程与破坏机理。该边坡为典型丹霞地貌区软硬互层结构的红层斜坡,砂岩与泥岩共分为13层。边坡坡表处软岩风化严重并有宽大裂隙与凹岩腔产生,从坡顶处时有碎石滑落堆积在坡底。为了研究重力场条件下岩体的变形、破坏和发展趋势,本研究采用岩体底摩擦模型试验结合PFC 2D数值模拟分析边坡岩体的变形、发展演变过程及其特征,得出边坡的变形演化过程为:坡脚处应力集中产生压致拉裂缝→坡缘、坡体中产生拉裂缝→裂隙贯通→发生倾倒性破坏。     

宣恩县地质灾害发育规律及防治对策研究

宣恩县调查发现地质灾害隐患点402处,其中以滑坡、崩塌和不稳定斜坡为主。数据统计分析表明:地质灾害隐患点在空间分布上受控于地质环境条件和动力因素,动力因素包括自然动力因素和人为动力因素,前者以降雨为主,后者以切坡为主,发生地质灾害的时间差异性明显,与降雨周期性密切相关。滑坡和不稳定斜坡多在碎屑岩构成的斜坡区或第四系松散堆积体中;崩塌一般发生在坡度大、势能高,软弱结构面暴露的陡斜坡地带或沟谷切割临陡崖一带;泥石流发育于岩性软弱易风化的碎屑岩地层区;地面塌陷主要为岩溶塌陷和因采空引发的冒落型塌陷。有针对性地提出监测预警、搬迁避让、工程治理和地质环境保护等地质灾害防治对策。     

蓝田县地质灾害发育特征和影响因素分析

蓝田县是西安市辖县之一,境内河流众多,地质构造复杂,大断裂发育,岩土体结构类型复杂,人类活动强度地域差异大,降水量大且集中,地质灾害发育。目前共有地质灾害201处,其中滑坡93处,崩塌106处,泥石流2处。受地形地貌、地质构造、地层和岩土体结构等因素的影响,在降雨和人类工程活动的双重作用下,地质灾害类型和时间—空间分布规律存在显著的地域性特点。     

某岩质高边坡地质灾害治理技术方法探讨

某岩质高边坡地质灾害治理工程项目地处江门市新会区长泥山,边坡总长约330m,坡高20～55m,边坡出露地层主要为裂隙发育的中风化粉砂岩。边坡由于受外倾结构面及长期雨水和风化影响已致局部崩塌,严重威胁坡脚场区及人员的生命财产安全。治理的思路根据实际的本边坡地质灾害勘查结果分区治理,主要为坡面锚钉挂网喷砼、被动防护网、坡顶坡底截排水系统等。本文针对岩质高边坡的灾害治理设计原则和施工重点措施进行了有益探讨,并提出相关意见以供参考。     

四川古蔺岩溶区地质灾害发育特征及治理措施

古蔺县碳酸盐岩地层分布面积1561.8km^(2),占全区面积的49%,岩溶发育中等,岩溶区地质灾害主要类型有滑坡、崩塌和地面塌陷,共计50处,占全区地质灾害总数(133处)的38%。通过对岩溶区地质灾害的详细调查,在阐述了区域岩溶发育特征及影响因素的基础上,分析了地质灾害与岩溶的关系及其成因机理。分析表明:区内岩溶发育较为强烈的区域,地质灾害发育也较强烈;滑坡类型以岩溶风化形成的残积土层滑坡为主;危岩破坏模式多为由溶蚀裂隙控制的倾倒式崩塌;岩溶塌陷为土洞塌陷和冒顶塌陷,是在地下水侵蚀、自重、气团压缩、水流潜蚀等作用下形成。提出了地面防渗和加固支挡的治理措施。     

紫云格凸河景区地质灾害形成条件浅析

采用地面调查、三维激光扫描、无人机航拍、等先进技术结合地面调查方法,对格凸河景区地灾隐患点的发育特征及形成条件进行了分析。结果表明:调查发现的地质灾害隐患点地灾主要类型崩塌危岩体。崩塌(危岩)带分布于紫云县格凸河景区内向斜构造一带,沿陡崖呈带状分布,分布高程约为965～1332m间,呈北东—南西、以及近东—西向交叉分布,坡向10°～330°,自然坡度35°～90°,本次调查发现23处危岩带,其中3处危岩带分别发育较明显的危岩单体(WYT01、WYT02及WYT03)。地质灾害的形成主要受地形地貌、地层岩性及地质构造、坡体结构等内部因素的控制,暴雨和人类工程活动则是地质灾害爆发的主要诱因。研究结果可为该区域地质灾害的防治、监测和风险管控提供科学依据。     

冯家塔矿区高陡坡体采动损害演化机理分析

冯家塔矿区地表沟壑纵横切割,煤层埋藏浅,在采动影响下地质灾害频发。结合冯家塔矿区的地形、地质条件,重点分析了开采沉陷导致高陡坡体发生失稳破坏的机理。分析结果表明,该矿区沟坡陡峭、地形变化大,沟坡两侧岩层风化严重、节理裂隙发育、岩土体抗压强度较低,地下开采改变了覆岩和地表边坡原始应力平衡状态,这3种因素共同构成了高陡坡体发生失稳崩塌的地形、物质和动力条件,导致了矿区地质灾害频发。     

贵州省安龙县地质环境条件与重大地质灾害隐患分布特征

分析了贵州省安龙县地质环境条件,讨论了安龙县境内的地质灾害类型、空间分布特征。认为境内滑坡、崩塌及不稳定斜坡等重大地质灾害最为发育,受坡体形态影响较大,分析结果对于安龙县地区地质灾害治理具有一定的参考价值。     

山区浅埋煤层裂隙发育UDEC模拟研究

受地下采动影响,坡体会发生移动变形,内部应力重新分布,同时,开采使地表产生裂隙,坡体很容易失稳,甚至发生滑坡、泥石流等大型地质灾害,并且也会加剧环境损害[1]。因此,为分析山区浅埋缓倾斜煤层开采时,覆岩裂隙发育变化及地表移动情况等,根据贵州山区煤矿地质复杂情况,运用UDEC软件对响水煤矿3号煤层12309工作面进行数值模拟。模拟结果表明:山区浅埋缓倾斜煤层与平原地区水平煤层开采引起的裂隙变化、地表移动变形等有所不同;坡角陡的地方裂隙发育,稳定性差,容易失稳发生滑坡;3号煤层12309采面开采后,覆岩受开采影响强烈,顶板跨落最大位移约为3.178m。     

Current situation and future trend of China rare earth luminescent material industry

<正>Rare earth luminescent material is one of the most important application sectors of rare earths.China enjoys the exceptional advantage to develop rare earth luminescent material for its abundant rare earth resources.After several decades'endeavor,China's rare earth luminescent material industry,headed by rare earth phosphor for lamp and LED and high efficient rare earth energy-saving light source,has been gradually developed into a scale industry.China has become a major production base of rare earth phosphor for lamps and rare earth     

China rare earth market review

正June 1~10,2014Rare earth market remained weak.Quoted price of rare earth products was similar to that in May.There was no sign of recovery in downstream market.The market of NdFeB magnetic materials and phosphor was depressed.Catalyst,polishing powder and ceramic industries remained inactive.Demand from downstream industry was soft.Consumers purchased on their needs.Suppliers had strong intention to sell.Prices of rare earth products     

Annual Report analysis of Chinese rare earth-related listed companies in 2013

<正>Chinese rare earth-related listed companies have published their 2013 annual reports.It can be understood from their reports that production and operation activities of Chinese rare earth-related companies were still heavily affected by macro economy and industrial policies.They basically followed the steps of national economy.In 2013,world economy recovered slowly but the economy     

Market opportunities and challenges for rare earth polishing powder

正1.Status of rare earth polishing powder Rare earth polishing powder with high content of cerium oxide began to replace iron oxide for glass polishing and became one of the key materials in glass polishing process since 1940.Compared with traditional iron oxide,rare earth polishing powder has many advantages,such as fast polishing rate,high polishing quality and long service life.It can achieve good surface quality and improve operation conditions.For example,in lens polishing,the polishing work that cerium     

Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths developed a new RE alloy preparation technology

正Pyrometallurgy Laboratory of Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths had independently developed a new preparation technology of rare earth alloy for NdFeB.The alloy can remarkably enhance the coercivity of NdFeB magnet but also evidently reduce the production cost of the magnet.The new master alloy was prepared in the kA pilot-scale electrolytic cell by the independent technology.The rare earth master alloy can be used as the raw material for NdFeB.Compared     

矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片ANSYS模态分析及应用

高效节能矿用防爆对旋主要通风机的叶片是主要通风机运行的关键部件,叶片在运行时不断受到气流的作用力,从而使叶片产生振动,当叶片振动的频率与叶片的固有频率接近时,容易产生共振从而导致叶片的断裂。一旦叶片断裂时,对主要通风机的安全运行产生致命的影响,从而导致矿山、化工等企业发生重大事故,将会产生不可估量的损失。基于有限元分析软件ANSYS,对高效节能矿用防爆轴流对旋主要通风机叶片进行模态分析及产生对应的六阶模态频率,对主要通风机叶片的运行频率、固有频率及产生的共振问题进行了原理分析,并且解决了叶片频率共振的问题,从而为主要通风机叶片结构设计提供理论依据,并对主要通风机叶片的安全运行提供保障。     

2013 NdFeB export analysis

<正>China totally exported nearly 24,000 tonsof NdFeB products during 201 3,including 18,825 tons of permanent magnet,valued USD 1.34 billion at an average price of 71.4 USD/kg;3,277 tons of NdFeB magnetic powder,valued USD 1 01 million at an average price of 30.9 USD/kg;1,334 tons of strip casting ribbon,with total export value of USD 74million at an average price of 55.3 USD/kg;and 586     

Market and recycling of NiMH battery

<正>Market status and future trend of NiMH battery1.Global market of small NiMH battery Global market size of small NiMH batteries declined year on year since 2011.The trend will continue to 2018,at the rate of 5%to 10%annually.Demand for small NiMH batteries will be stable gradually.Many electrical apparatuses are powered by the built-in lithium battery today,which is the main reason for the shrunk market of small NiMH batteries.But,for some products,small NiMH     

China rare earth market review

正September 1-10,2014 Affected by the National Day holiday,rare earth transaction was stagnant and the market showed a weak steady state.As there was no good news for downstream market,some products with flat demand would likely rally slightly for some time to     

唐口煤矿深部复杂开采工作面瓦斯分源涌出规律研究

研究工作面瓦斯涌出规律对工作面瓦斯治理有重要意义。为了得到唐口煤矿深部3号煤层复杂开采条件下工作面回采时期瓦斯涌出时空演化规律,选取6304工作面作为对象,采用实测方法研究6304工作面瓦斯涌出规律。结果表明:6304工作面瓦斯涌出量为6.534 m³/min,其中煤壁占34.27%,落煤占29.62%,采空区占36.11%;沿工作面倾向由低到高,瓦斯浓度整体为上升趋势,其中1—76号架工作面瓦斯浓度小于0.20%,76—102号架瓦斯浓度上升明显,最大为0.387%;上隅角的后部采空区是工作面的瓦斯主要涌出源,上隅角1号测点瓦斯浓度0.78%,上隅角周边3号、5号、7号、8号、9号测点瓦斯浓度平均为0.643%;周期来压时,上隅角瓦斯相对平时较高。研究为针对性的瓦斯分源监控与灾害防治提供基础。