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1.
The present paper analyses the role of author self-citations aiming at finding basic regularities of self-citations within the process of documented scientific communication and thus laying the methodological groundwork for a possible critical view at self-citation patterns in empirical studies at any level of aggregation. The study consists of three parts; the first part of the study is concerned with the comparative analysis of the ageing of self-citations and of non-self citations, in the second part the possible interdependence between self-citations and foreign citations is analysed and in the third part the interrelation of the share of self-citations in all citations with other citation-based indicators is studied. The outcomes of this study are two-fold; first, the results characterise author self-citations - at least at the macro level - as an organic part of the citation process obeying rules that can be measured and described with the help of mathematical models. Second, these rules can be used in evaluative micro and meso analyses to identify significant deviations from the reference standards. 相似文献
2.
In a recent paper the authors have studied the role of author self-citations within the process of documented scientific communication.
Two important regularities such as the relative fast ageing of self-citations with respect to foreign citations and the “square-root
law” characterising the conditional expectation of self-citations for given number of foreign citation have been found studying
the phenomenon of author self-citations at the macro level. The goal of the present paper is to study the effect of author
self-citations on macro indicators. The analysis of citation based indicators for 15 fields in the sciences, social sciences
and humanities substantiates that at this level of aggregation there is no need for any revision of national indicators and
the underlying journal citation measures in the context of excluding self-citations.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
3.
Alesia Zuccala 《Scientometrics》2010,84(1):221-235
This paper revisits an aspect of citation theory (i.e., citer motivation) with respect to the Mathematical Review system and
the reviewer’s role in mathematics. We focus on a set of journal articles (369) published in Singularity Theory (1974–2003),
the mathematicians who wrote editorial reviews for these articles, and the number of citations each reviewed article received
within a 5 year period. Our research hypothesis is that the cognitive authority of a high status reviewer plays a positive
role in how well a new article is received and cited by others. Bibliometric evidence points to the contrary: Singularity
Theorists of lower status (junior researchers) have reviewed slightly more well-cited articles (2–5 citations, excluding author
self-citations) than their higher status counterparts (senior researchers). One explanation for this result is that lower
status researchers may have been asked to review ‘trendy’ or more accessible parts of mathematics, which are easier to use
and cite. We offer further explanations and discuss a number of implications for a theory of citation in mathematics. This
research opens the door for comparisons to other editorial review systems, such as book reviews written in the social sciences
or humanities. 相似文献
4.
A macro study of self-citation 总被引:11,自引:10,他引:1
Dag W. Aksnes 《Scientometrics》2003,56(2):235-246
This study investigates the role of self-citation in the scientific production of Norway (1981-1996). More than 45,000 publications
have been analysed. Using a three-year citation window we find that 36% of all citations represent author self-citations.
However, this percentage is decreasing when citations are traced for longer periods. We find the highest share of self-citation
among the least cited papers. There is a strong positive correlation between the number of self-citations and the number of
authors of the publications. Still, only a minor part of the overall increase in citation rates that can be found for multi-authored
papers is due to self-citations. Also, the share of self-citation shows significant variations among different scientific
disciplines. The results are relevant for the discussion concerning use of citation indicators in research assessments.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
5.
Mathieu Leblond 《Scientometrics》2012,91(3):943-953
Ecologists writing research articles frequently cite their own papers. Self-citations are frequent in science, but the reasons
behind abnormally high rates of self-citations are questionable. My goals were to assess the prevalence of author self-citations
and to identify the combination of attributes that best predict high levels of self-citations in ecology articles. I searched
643 articles from 9 different ecology journals of various impact factors for synchronous (i.e., within reference lists) and
diachronous (i.e., following publication) self-citations, using the Web of Science online database. I assessed the effect
of the number of authors, pages, and references/citations, the proportion of diachronous/synchronous self-citations, and the
impact factor, on the proportion of synchronous and diachronous self-citations separately. I compared various candidate models
made of these covariates using Akaike’s Information Criterion. On average, ecologists made 6.0 synchronous self-citations
(12.8% of references), and 2.5 diachronous self-citations (25.5% of citations received 2.8 to 4.5 years after publication)
per article. The best predictor of the proportion of synchronous self-citations was the number of authors. My study is the
first to report recidivism in the inclusion of self-citations by researchers, i.e., the proportion of diachronous self-citations
was best explained by the proportion of synchronous self-citations. The proportion of self-citations also increased with the
number of pages and the impact factor of ecology journals, and decreased with the number of references/citations. Although
a lot of variance remained unexplained, my study successfully showed regularities in the propensity of ecologists to include
self-citations in their research articles. 相似文献
6.
Marshall H. Medoff 《Scientometrics》2006,69(1):69-84
Summary Are prior self-citations an effective input in increasing a subsequent article's citation count? Examination of 418 articles
in eight economics journals found that, after controlling for article length, journal and author quality, lead article position,
and coauthorship, an author's prior stock of self-citations is not statistically related to a subsequent article's total citation
count or the quality of the journals in which those citations appear. Self-citations that appear in prestigious high-impact
economics journals have a statistically positive, but numerically small, effect on a subsequent article's total citation count
and on the quality of the citing journal. The productive effect of a prior self-citation is inversely related to its age.
Prior self-citations of the second author listed in a collaborative article have no significant effect on a subsequent article's
total citation count or the quality of the economics journals in which those citations appear. 相似文献
7.
Thanks to a unique individual dataset of French academics in economics, we explain individual publication and citation records by gender and age, co-authorship patterns (average number of authors per article and size of the co-author network) and specialisation choices (percentage of output in each JEL code). The analysis is performed on both EconLit publication scores (adjusted for journal quality) and Google Scholar citation indexes, which allows us to present a broad picture of knowledge diffusion in economics. Citations are largely driven by publication records, which means that these two measures are partly substitutes, but citations are also substantially increased by larger research team size and co-author networks. 相似文献
8.
Olle Persson 《Scientometrics》2006,68(3):561-572
Summary Comparing properties of citing and cited source items opens a wide variety of analytical possibilities. In a study of citations
among papers in the journal Scientometrics a number of analytical themes are identified. The analysis shows: the way in which a citation graph can be decomposed into
different subparts; country specific citation patterns; the effects of self-citations and domestic citations; the mapping
of cited author relationships using direct citation and co-citation links; and time slicing effects on impact ranking of countries
and papers. 相似文献
9.
In recent papers, the authors have studied basic regularities of author self-citations. The regularities are related to the
ageing, to the relation between self-citations and foreign citations and to the interdependence of self-citations with other
bibliometric indicators. The effect of multi-authorship on citation impact has been shown in other bibliometric studies, for
instance, by Persson et al. (2004). The question arises whether those regularities imply any relation between number of co-authors
and the extent of author self-citations. The results of the present paper confirm the common notion of such effects only in
part. The authors show that at the macro level multi-authorship does not result in any exaggerate extent of self-citations.
This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
10.
Summary In earlier studies by the authors, basic regularities of author self-citations have been analysed. These regularities are
related to the ageing, to the relation between self-citations and foreign citations, to the interdependence of self-citations
with other bibliometric indicators and to the influence of co-authorship on self-citation behaviour. Although both national
and subject specific peculiarities influence the share of self-citations at the macro level, the authors came to the conclusion
that - at this level of aggregation - there is practically no need for excluding self-citations. The aim of the present study
is to answer the question in how far the influence of author self-citations on bibliometric meso-indicators deviates from
that at the macro level, and to what extent national reference standards can be used in bibliometric meso analyses. In order
to study the situation at the institutional level, a selection of twelve European universities representing different countries
and different research profiles have been made. The results show a quite complex situation at the meso-level, therefore we
suggest the usage of both indicators, including and excluding self-citations. 相似文献
11.
The investigators studied author research impact using the number of citers per publication an author’s research has been
able to attract, as opposed to the more traditional measure of citations. A focus on citers provides a complementary measure
of an author’s reach or influence in a field, whereas citations, although possibly numerous, may not reflect this reach, particularly
if many citations are received from a small number of citers. In this exploratory study, Web of Science was used to tally
citer and citation-based counts for 25 highly cited researchers in information studies in the United States and 26 highly
cited researchers from the United Kingdom. Outcomes of the tallies based on several measures, including an introduced ch-index,
were used to determine whether differences arise in author rankings when using citer-based versus citation-based counts. The
findings indicate a strong correlation between some citation and citer-based measures, but not with others. The findings of
the study have implications for the way authors’ research impact may be assessed. 相似文献
12.
Summary Publication and citation profiles of Full and Associate Professors at the School of Chemistry of the Universidad de la República
in Uruguay were investigated. The groups do not exhibit markedly different age averages. However, the average time since they
started publishing, as well as other characteristics of their publication records, like productivity or citations, set them
apart. From the point of view of both the number of papers per author and per year of activity, on one side, and of the number
of citations per year of activity, on the other, the group of Full Professors has statistically significant larger averages
than the Associate Professors. The impact of self-citations, multi-authorship and internationalization of the publications
were analyzed within the two groups and shown to have no excessive or predictable influence on those parameters, except in
the case of few (≤ 2) or many (>8) authors. It is suggested in this paper that these two indicators, number of papers per
author per production year and number of citations per production year, combined in a plot allowing a bidimensional ranking
of the individuals in the groups, may be used profitably as one of the components in the development of a policy toward promotion
of Associate Professors. The analysis showed also that the quotient of citations received to number of papers published, even
when derived from actual citation data of the scientists without involving the impact factors of the journals in which they
publish, are not good parameters to use for that purpose, essentially because there is a reduction in the information content
of the indicator with respect to those described before. 相似文献
13.
B. S. Kademani Vijai Kumar Ganesh Surwase Anil Sagar Lalit Mohan Anil Kumar C. R. Gaderao 《Scientometrics》2007,71(1):25-57
The paper analyses the citations to 1733 publications published during 1970–1999 by the Chemistry Division at Bhabha Atomic
Research Centre, using Science Citation Index 1982–2003 as the source data. The extent of citations received, in terms of
the number of citations per paper, yearwise break up of citations, domainwise citations, self-citations and citations by others,
diachronous self-citation rate, citing authors, citing institutions, highly cited papers, the categories of citing documents,
citing journals and distribution of citations among them etc. are determined. During 1982–2003 chemistry Division publications
have received a total of 11041 citations. The average number of citations per year was 501.86. The average number of citations
per publication was 6.37. The highest number of citations received were 877 in 2001. The citation rate was peaked during 1990–2003
as maximum 9145 (82.82%) citations were received during the period. Total self-citations were 3716 (33.66%) and citations
by others were 7325 (66.34%). Mean diachronous self-citation rate was 36.16. Citation time lag was zero for 144 (15.52%) papers
and one year for 350 (37.72%) papers. Single authored publications (168) have received 456 (4.13%) citations and 1565 multi-authored
publications have received 10585 (95.87%) citations. The core citing authors were: J. P. Mittal (695) followed by V. K. Jain
(524), H. Mohan (471), T. Mukherjee (307), R. M Iyer (253), H. Pal (251), J. V. Yakhmi (211), A. V. Sapre (174), D. K. Palit
(161), N. M. Gupta (128), and S. K. Kulshrestha (116). Citation life cycles of four highly cited papers was discussed. The
core journals citing Chemistry Division publications were: J. Phys. Chem.-A (436 citations), Chem. Phys. Lett. (372), J. Phys. Chem. (355), J. Chem. Phys. (353), J. Organomet. Chem. (285), J. Phys. Chem.-B (279), J. Photochem. Photobiol.-A (263), Langmuir (245), J. Am. Chem. Soc. (226), Physica-C (225), Radiat. Phys. Chem. (217), Inorg. Chem. (215) and Indian J. Chem.-A (207). 相似文献
14.
This study aims to investigate the influence of different patterns of collaboration on the citation impact of Harvard University’s
publications. Those documents published by researchers affiliated with Harvard University in WoS from 2000–2009, constituted
the population of the research which was counted for 124,937 records. Based on the results, only 12% of Harvard publications
were single author publications. Different patterns of collaboration were investigated in different subject fields. In all
22 examined fields, the number of co-authored publications is much higher than single author publications. In fact, more than
60% of all publications in each field are multi-author publications. Also, the normalized citation per paper for co-authored
publications is higher than that of single author publications in all fields. In addition, the largest number of publications
in all 22 fields were also published through inter-institutional collaboration and were as a result of collaboration among
domestic researchers and not international ones. In general, the results of the study showed that there was a significant
positive correlation between the number of authors and the number of citations in Harvard publications. In addition, publications
with more number of institutions have received more number of citations, whereas publications with more number of foreign
collaborators were not much highly cited. 相似文献
15.
Dean Hendrix 《Scientometrics》2009,81(2):321-331
Using Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) data, this paper calculated institutional self citations rates (ISCRs) for
96 of the top research universities in the United States from 2005–2007. Exhibiting similar temporal patterns of author and
journal self-citations, the ISCR was 29% in the first year post-publication, and decreased significantly in the second year
post-publication (19%). Modeling the data via power laws revealed total publications and citations did not correlate with
the ISCR, but did correlate highly with ISCs. California Institute of Technology exhibited the highest ISCR at 31%. Academic
and cultural factors are discussed in relation to ISCRs. 相似文献
16.
Jacob B. Slyder Beth R. Stein Brent S. Sams David M. Walker B. Jacob Beale Jeffrey J. Feldhaus Carolyn A. Copenheaver 《Scientometrics》2011,89(3):955-966
Citation frequency is often used in hiring and tenure decisions as an indicator of the quality of a researcher’s publications.
In this paper, we examine the influence of discipline, institution, journal impact factor, length of article, number of authors,
seniority of author, and gender on citation rate of top-cited papers for academic faculty in geography and forestry departments.
Self-citation practices and patterns of citation frequency across post-publication lifespan were also examined. Citation rates
of the most-highly cited paper for all tenured forestry (N = 122) and geography (N = 91) faculty at Auburn University, Michigan State University, Northern Arizona University, Oklahoma State University, Pennsylvania
State University, Texas A&M University, University of Florida, University of Massachusetts, University of Washington, and
Virginia Tech were compared. Foresters received significantly more citations than geographers (t = 2.46, P = 0.02) and more senior authors received more citations than junior researchers (r
2 = 0.14, P = 0.03). Articles published in journals with higher impact factors also received more citations (r
2 = 0.28, P = 0.00). The median self-citation rate was 10% and there was no temporal pattern to the frequency of citations received by
an individual article (x
2 = 176). Our results stress the importance of only comparing citation rates within a given discipline and confirm the importance
of author-seniority and journal rankings as factors that influence citation rate of a given article. 相似文献
17.
Is citation analysis a legitimate evaluation tool? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Garfield 《Scientometrics》1979,1(4):359-375
A comprehensive discussion on the use of citation analysis to rate scientific performance and the controversy surrounding it. The general adverse criticism that citation counts include an excessive number of negative citations (citations to incorrect results worthy of attack), self-citations (citations to the works of the citing authors), and citations to methodological papers is analyzed. Included are a discussion of measurement problems such as counting citations for multiauthored papers, distinguishing between more than one person with the same last name (homographs), and what it is that citation analysis actually measures. It is concluded that as the scientific enterprise becomes larger and more complex, and its role in society more critical, it will become more difficult, expensive and necessary to evaluate and identify the largest contributors. When properly used, citation analysis can introduce a useful measure of objectivity into the evaluation process at relatively low financial cost.Modification of a chapter in E. Garfield:Citation Indexing: Its Theory and Application in Science, Technology and the Humanities, New York, Wiley, 1979. 相似文献
18.
Improvements in productivity based on co-authorship: a case study of published articles in China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper evaluates the importance of jointly conducted research versus national, when neighbouring countries are trying
to study a topic of their mutual interest. The chosen topic was the shared ocean or lake basin. The number of non-mutual and
mutual articles in the period 1999–2008 for seven pairs of neighbouring countries was analysed by extracting published articles
and citations from the Web of Science database. It was found that mutual articles have generally better visibility than the
non-mutual articles, valid even for large and developed countries. Also, the percentage of self-citations in the mutual articles
is much lower than in the non-mutual ones. However, the citations of the non-mutual articles are influenced by the development
of the country or, in some cases, by the development of the countries in which researchers from a certain country are presently
working (this applies strongly to the Eastern Europe countries). 相似文献
19.
Except the alphabetic ordering authorship papers, the citations of multi-authored papers are allocated to the authors based
on their contributions to the paper. For papers without clarification of contribution proportion, a function of author number
and rank is presented to rightly determine the credit allocated proportion and allocated citations of each author. Our citation
allocation scheme is between the equally fractional counting and the one using the inverse of author rank. It has a parameter
to adjust the credit distribution among the different authors. The allocated citations can either be used alone to indicate
one’s performance in a paper, or can be applied in the modification of h-index and g-index to represent the achievement of a scientist on the whole. The modified h-index and g-index of an author makes use of more papers in which he or she played important roles. Our method is suitable for the papers
with wide range of author numbers. 相似文献
20.
The h-index has received an enormous attention for being an indicator that measures the quality of researchers and organizations.
We investigate to what degree authors can inflate their h-index through strategic self-citations with the help of a simulation. We extended Burrell’s publication model with a procedure
for placing self-citations, following three different strategies: random self-citation, recent self-citations and h-manipulating self-citations. The results show that authors can considerably inflate their h-index through self-citations. We propose the q-index as an indicator for how strategically an author has placed self-citations, and which serves as a tool to detect possible
manipulation of the h-index. The results also show that the best strategy for an high h-index is publishing papers that are highly cited by others. The productivity has also a positive effect on the h-index. 相似文献