异步电机低开关损耗的模型预测直接转矩控制

提出一种新颖的异步电机低开关损耗的模型预测直接转矩控制方法。通过建立异步电机离散时间预测模型,对不同开关矢量作用下的系统输出矢量进行轨迹外推,形成长预测范围的输出轨迹。同时分析三电平逆变器在开关切换时产生的开关损耗,以逆变器的平均开关损耗为价值函数,对不同开关矢量作用的输出轨迹进行在线评估,得到最优的开关矢量并将其作用于逆变器,从而有效降低了逆变器的开关损耗。仿真结果表明,基于该方法的驱动系统逆变器的开关损耗低,电机转矩和磁链动静态性能良好。     

T型三电平逆变器功率器件结温控制研究

三电平逆变器系统中绝缘栅双极晶体管(IGBT)的结温及其幅值变化直接影响器件热失效等可靠性问题。以T型三电平逆变器为对象,结合IGBT的开关损耗模型及结温热模型,推导出其开关损耗、结温与开关频率之间的定量关系。提出采用多重化结构对逆变系统中T型三电平逆变器拓扑进行重构,在不影响系统输出性能的前提下有效地降低了功率器件的开关损耗和结温,提高系统的可靠性。仿真和实验验证了所提控制策略的有效性。     

谐振式软开关在永磁无刷直流电机控制中的应用

无刷直流电机因动态性能好、调速灵活、效率高等优点被广泛的应用于各种驱动和伺服控制领域，而驱动无刷直流电机的逆变器一般却工作在硬开关状态下，产生了较大的开关损耗，降低了电机的效率。因此为了减小开关损耗，本文给去了一种方法，即在直流电源和逆变器之间加入一谐振电路来实现其开关管的零电压开通和关断，从而大大降低了逆变器的开关损耗，提高了电机的工作效率。     

五相三电平逆变器最小开关损耗SVPWM研究

本文针对五相永磁同步电动机,构建了三电平逆变器供电的调速系统。在对五相三电平逆变器的电压空间矢量进行详细分析的基础上,通过合理选择冗余矢量,提出了五相三电平逆变器最小开关损耗SVPWM(MSLSVPWM)控制方法。该控制方法开关损耗最小,并可有效降低开关器件的最大开关电流,并通过仿真实验对该控制算法进行了验证。     

基于MATLAB/SIMULINK的双频逆变器的仿真

逆变器输出电压波形质量与开关频率高低密切相关,但开关频率的提高带来了开关损耗提高.为了减小开关损耗提出了使用双频逆变器提高系统效率.它的高频部分采用单周控制方式,低频部分采用滞环控制方式,采用MATLAB软件仿真链接进行仿真.结果表明,跟普通单频逆变器相比,双频逆变器输出电压谐波总畸变率与普通高频逆变器差不多,达到1%以下.同时高频开关的电流大大减小,仅为单个高频逆变器中电流的20%左右,工作效率比单个高频逆变器提高5%以上.     

光伏逆变器电流畸变的自适应抑制设计研究

借助新型的开关支路低频调制的方式可以有效降低光伏逆变器的开关损耗，但会导致输出电流总谐波失真度(THD)的增大，从而恶化逆变器的输出性能。为此，提出了一种光伏逆变器的自适应电流畸变抑制调制策略，仅在过零点时使用传统高频脉宽调制(PWM)，而在其他区段自适应切换至降损开关支路低频PWM调制，从而在降低光伏逆变器开关损耗的同时实现低THD的输出效果。以T型逆变拓扑为例，介绍了两种PWM调制策略的工作原理，对提出的光伏逆变器的自适应电流畸变抑制调制策略进行了分析，通过仿真和样机实验对所提出的自适应电流畸变抑制调制策略进行验证。实验结果表明所提出的方案可以获得低开关损耗，同时有效抑制光伏逆变器的输出电流畸变。     

考虑中点电位平衡的三电平Boost-逆变器协调控制

针对常见的二级式三电平Boost-逆变器,为降低逆变器开关损耗,同时控制中点电位平衡,提出了一种空间矢量不连续调制及其中点电位平衡策略。基于电荷平衡原理,定量计算TL-Boost变换器电荷补偿量,推导变换器占空比调整量表达式,控制流经中点的总电荷量为零。通过两级系统协调控制,不仅可以发挥逆变器不连续调制低开关损耗的优势,同时还可以实现中点电位平衡控制,降低逆变器调制策略复杂度。最后,通过仿真验证了该控制策略的有效性。     

二级式三电平逆变器不连续调制及中点电位平衡策略

针对常见的前置TL-Boost变换器的二级式三电平逆变器,为降低逆变器开关损耗,同时控制中点电位平衡,文中提出了一种空间矢量不连续调制及其中点电位平衡策略。首先设计了不连续调制算法,分析不连续调制下逆变器中点电位波动情况;然后基于电荷平衡原理,定量计算TL-Boost变换器电荷补偿量,推导变换器占空比调整量表达式,控制流经中点的总电荷量为零。通过两级系统协调控制,不仅可发挥逆变器不连续调制低开关损耗的优势,同时可实现中点电位平衡控制,降低逆变器调制策略复杂度。该控制策略适用于二级式三电平逆变器,可有效提高系统效率,同时保证输出波形质量。     

光伏并网NPC三电平逆变器调制算法研究

与传统两电平逆变器相比较,三电平逆变器因输出状态增多,具有动作频率低,开关损耗小,谐波含量少等优点。文中采用NPC三电平逆变器拓扑结构,将60°坐标系下的SVPWM调制算法应用于光伏并网逆变器系统中,算法简洁,易于控制。Matlab/Simulink仿真和实验结果均表明理论分析的正确性以及光伏逆变系统的良好性能,可有效提高交流侧的功率因数,改善并网逆变器的电能质量。     

基于免疫算法的逆变器多目标Pareto最优控制策略

提出一种采用免疫算法来求解逆变器输出波形质量和开关损耗多目标Pareto最优控制策略的方法。其中输出波形质量目标由波形质量评价函数刻画,开关损耗目标由开关损耗评价函数刻画,并以Pareto前沿面的形式给出多目标Pareto最优解集。在此基础上深入分析逆变器在几组不同阻感负载条件下波形质量与开关损耗之间关系图。本文通过计算数据手册提供的器件特性参数、负载电流(集电极电流)、开关门极驱动信号以及直流母线电压来计算逆变器的损耗。搭建以DSP+FPGA为核心控制系统的模拟实验平台进行小容量模拟试验,通过霍尔电流传感器采集逆变器输出电流信号,采用热敏电阻PT100测量逆变器的损耗。仿真和实验结果表明了该方法的可行性和有效性。     

Novel Pulse-width Modulation Strategy to Minimize the Switching Losses of Z-Source Inverters

This article proposes a novel pulse-width modulation strategy to minimize switching losses of the Z-source inverter. The Z-source inverter has different pulse-width modulation patterns unlike the conventional voltage source inverter. Shoot-through states have been inserted within the zero states of the traditional pulse-width modulation patterns of a voltage source inverter to boost DC input voltage. Thus, the Z-source inverter has six active states, two zero states, and additional shoot-through states differentiating the Z-source and conventional voltage source inverters. The currents flowing through the switches of the Z-source inverter are larger than those of the conventional voltage source inverter, because Z-network currents must flow through the switches during the shoot-through states. Therefore, shoot-through currents increase the total switching losses of the Z-source inverter. In this article, switching losses of the Z-source inverter with the existing pulse-width modulation strategy are analyzed in detail. Then, new modulation signals of the Z-source inverter are introduced to produce unique pulse-width modulation patterns that minimize the switching losses of the Z-source inverter. The switching losses of the Z-source inverter with both pulse-width modulation strategies are simulated and compared. In addition, an experimental system has been built and tested to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy.     

基于RB-IGBT的三电平光伏并网逆变器的效率分析

笔者分析了1种基于RB-IGBT的新型三电平光伏并网逆变器在不同的开关频率下工作时的开关损耗和导通损耗,并介绍了相关损耗的计算方法,通过MATLAB软件的计算得出数值,并与NPC三电平逆变电路和两电平逆变电路在同等情况下运行时的损耗进行了对比,从而得出此逆变电路应用在光伏并网逆变器中可以提高逆变器的效率。     

Harmonic control and losses of a current source GTO invertersupplying load with AC generation

The use of a self-commutated current-source inverter for supplying a remote load with no AC system support is investigated. Various forms of pulse width modulation (PWM) techniques are studied with particular emphasis placed on the control of harmonics and losses in the GTO valves and filters. A novel switching technique is presented which reduces the magnitude of harmonics while maintaining low switching losses in the inverter. It is shown that the proposed switching pattern can improve the inverter operation and has the potential of reducing harmonics without increasing switching frequency or the cost of filters or losses     

新型谐振直流环节软开关逆变器

为了提高逆变器的效率和性能,提出一种新型的谐振直流环节软开关逆变器。通过在传统硬开关逆变器的直流环节添加辅助谐振单元,使直流母线电压周期性地归零,实现逆变桥开关器件在零电压和零电流条件下完成切换,因此减小了开关损耗和二极管的反向恢复损耗。此外,辅助谐振单元中的开关器件可以在零电流的条件下完成开关操作。该软开关逆变器控制简单且不依赖于负载条件,过渡过程所需时间可以自由选择。文中对其工作原理进行分析,给出不同工作模式下的等效电路图和回路的参数设计方法。制作一个10kW的实验样机,实验结果验证了该软开关逆变器的有效性。     

A zero-current-switching based three-phase pulse width modulation inverter

With the remarkable progress of switching devices, the switching frequency of a voltage-source PWM inverter has become higher and higher. A high-frequency PWM inverter gives great benefits in the reduction of current ripples and acoustic noises. However, high-frequency hard switching causes the increase of switching losses and EMI to be solved. The authors propose a zero-current-switching based three-phase PWM inverter which has small resonant circuits on the ac side. The current flowing in a switching device is a sum of the resonant current and the load current. Since the switching device is turned on and off at zero current, the switching losses and electromagnetic noises are greatly reduced. This paper described the principle of the zero current switching operation, the design of the resonant circuits and the control scheme for the new soft switching inverter. Moreover, it shows interesting experimental results obtained by the zero-current-switching PWM inverter which drives an induction motor of 2.2 kW.     

基于游标原理的三相逆变器算法研究

利用游标卡尺的工作原理将多个开关频率不同的逆变器串联,在每个逆变器开关频率不高的情况下得到高精度的输出波形,有效地降低了开关损耗、提高逆变器效率并延长了开关器件的寿命。最后,用仿真技术将游标原理逆变器与传统逆变器相比较：游标逆变器在开关频率仅为传统逆变器开关频率1／4的情况下输出与传统逆变器相同分辨率的电压。     

Analysis and implementation of a new zero current switching flyback inverter

In this paper, a novel zero current switching (ZCS) flyback inverter in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) is proposed. In the proposed flyback inverter, the ZCS for the primary switch is achieved by adding a simple auxiliary circuit to the conventional flyback inverter. Also, the auxiliary switch is turned on and turned off at ZCS condition. Therefore, the switching losses of the switches are negligible, which increases the efficiency and allows higher switching frequency and more compact design. The resonant auxiliary cell is activated only in short transition times that makes its conduction losses negligible. Furthermore, the voltage overshoot of the main switch is limited during the turn-off process, which allows utilization of lower voltage metal-oxide semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) with low conduction losses and low cost. The detailed operation of the flyback inverter with auxiliary circuit and design considerations are presented. Simulation and experimental results are presented to verify the performance of the proposed inverter.     

一种零电流转换软开关逆变器的损耗分析及其与硬开关逆变器的效率比较

通过在理论上对硬开关逆变器和一种零电流转换软开关逆变器的损耗分析,并且对软开关以及硬开关逆变器分别在不同功率等级,不同开关频率下进行了效率的比较,最终得到了零电流软开关逆变器与硬开关逆变器在效率方面的比较结果,最后给出了提高软开关逆变器效率的可能性。     

恒功率区无零矢量SVM对功率器件结温的改善

电动汽车变流器功率器件的损耗不仅浪费了有限且宝贵的车载能量,而且会造成功率器件过高的结温,严重影响其可靠性。空间矢量调制SVM(space vector modulation)工作在线性调制范围虽然可以保持较低的电压谐波畸变,但高的开关频率会带来高的开关损耗。过调制虽然在一定程度上导致相对较高的谐波,但在提高逆变基波电压的同时还降低了器件的开关次数。为了能兼顾逆变电压谐波与功率器件损耗,基于已有的过调制研究,采用了一种不需要零矢量的过调制点,将该特定调制度点(无零矢量)运用于驱动电机基速以上的弱磁调速区,并推导了其损耗表达式。研究表明,与线性范围内调制对比,该方法能显著降低变流器功率器件的损耗,且谐波也在可接受范围内。