Osteosarcoma of the jaws in children

Two cases of osteosarcoma of the jaws in children are reported. One patient was a 13-year-old girl whose first symptoms included nasal and maxillary sinus congestion, followed by epistaxis. She was found to have chondroblastic osteosarcoma extending through the left maxillary alveolar process and sinus. Following surgery and chemotherapy, the patient has been free of disease for 7 years. The second patient, an 8-year-old boy, was diagnosed with juxtacortical (parosteal) osteosarcoma of the mandible, which is a less aggressive variant of the neoplasm. It is believed that this is the youngest patient reported to date with juxtacortical osteosarcoma of the jaws. He was treated by block resection of the right side of the mandible and is free of disease 3(1/2) years later.     

Primary tumors of the jaws in children.

Reports on primary tumors of the jaw in children are infrequent. This article reports 24 cases of primary tumors and tumor-like conditions of the jaws in children. All varieties of odontogenic and nonodontogenic tumors are seen in the jaw; fibro-osseous lesions are the most common. A possible explanation for the high incidence of mesenchymal lesions in children may be related to the shedding and eruption of teeth. The differences between childhood and adult types of ameloblastomas are highlighted.     

Fractures of the facial skeleton in children

Fractures of the facial skeleton are infrequent in children. A series of 147 fractures in 116 children aged from 10 days to 13 years old was retrospectively reviewed. The male to female ratio was 1.4:1 and the highest incidence occurred in the age group 8 to 10 years. The main aetiological factor was road traffic accidents. The mandible was predominantly involved (83.7%). The incidence of fractures of the middle third of the face was very low (4.0%). Closed reduction was undertaken most frequently. Complications were found to be minimal.     

Fractures of the maxillofacial region in children.

83 children with maxillofacial fractures have been analyzed according to, aetiology, age, sex, type, and site of fractures. The results showed a high male to female ratio. Mandibular fractures were the commonest, in the condylar region in particular. The commonest causes in descending order were falls, bicycle accidents and at play.     

Fractures of facial bones in children

Data covering 205 children hospitalized for fractures of facial bones in 1971-1982 are presented. In individual types of fractures affecting the lower and middle third of the face, the mechanism of injury is followed up, and the period of time elapsed from the moment of injury to admission to the clinic is registered; results of particular treatment are recorded. New methods of treatment which proved to have a positive effect in practice are described. The necessity of a complex approach to the treatment of children with injuries of the orofacial region is stressed.     

Surgical treatment of cystous lesions of the jaws in children using biocomposite material

Assessment of surgical treatment of cystous lesions of the jaws in children was performed on the basis of the results of treatment of 25 patients with the use of granulated biocomposite material GAP-99. It was shown by the authors that this material allows one to shorten the time of bone wound healing, to improve cosmetic and functional effects during the hospital stage of treatment. In long-term period full rehabilitation was achieved in patients operated with the use of this biocomposite material.     

Benign fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws in children. A 12-year retrospective study

IntroductionFibro-osseous lesions, a diverse group of bone disorders including developmental, reactive or dysplastic diseases and neoplasms, share overlapping clinical, radiographic and histopathologic features and demonstrate a wide range of biological behaviour.AimTo evaluate the characteristics, treatment and outcome of benign fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws in children.Patients and methodAll patients with fibro-osseous lesions of the jaws treated at the department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the «A & P Kyriakou» Children's Hospital of Athens from 2000 to 2011 were included in this study. Data were retrieved from patients' files and their present situation was registered.ResultsSixteen males and 10 females (mean age 8.5 years) were treated. Fibrous dysplasia was most often encountered (26.9%), and the mandible was the most frequent location (76.9%).All cases were surgically treated and histopathologically confirmed. Marginal ostectomy was performed in 7 cases, partial ostectomy in 4, enucleation and curettage in 10 and trimming-remodelling in 5 cases. Mean follow-up was of 5.5 years with no recurrence, except in one case of fibrous dysplasia.ConclusionsFibro-osseous lesions, although sharing similar microscopic features, exhibit a variety of clinical behaviour rendering their treatment highly individualized.