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1.
目的:了解家庭及同伴因素对职校生性行为的影响。方法:对上海某区3所职校1612名高一年级学生应用电脑进行人机对话式匿名自填问卷调查,运用SAS统计软件分析家庭一般情况、居住状况、与父母交流学校学习情况、与父母交流性相关问题、同伴特征和同伴交流状况对性行为的影响。结果:有过性行为者占7.01%,男生中有过性行为者9.98%,多于女生(4.07%);多因素Logistic回归分析表明,大家庭、和父母容易谈论性话题、父母对婚前性行为态度开放、和好友郑重讨论过性问题,多数好友为非在校的学生及接触的同龄人中正在谈恋爱的比例较高的职校生有性经历的风险比例较高。结论:职校生性行为的发生与家庭构成,与父母交流及同伴因素密切相关。在鼓励家庭和同伴性教育的同时,应该提高父母性教育的能力及促进有效的同伴教育方式。  相似文献   

2.
目的:了解上海市职校生性与生殖健康知识的认知程度和服务需求。方法:于2005年9月对上海市三所职校全体一年级1846名学生进行匿名自填式问卷横断面调查。结果:职校生的性与生殖健康知识水平普遍较低,总知识得分为33.5分;性态度开放,约有一半的学生认可婚前性行为;65%的职校生在青春期遇到过相关的困惑或问题;84%的学生觉得自己缺乏性与生殖健康知识;54%的职校生在初中时没接受过正规的性与生殖健康教育;65%的职校生认为有必要建立专门针对青少年的服务机构。结论:现有的性与生殖健康教育和服务不能满足职校生的需求,应进一步加强针对职校生的相关教育和服务,尤其是学校。  相似文献   

3.
目的:评价生活技能培训对职校生生殖健康认知的影响。方法:上海市区3所职校为研究现场,其中2所为干预学校,1所为对照学校,研究对象为二年级的学生。干预组采取以生殖健康为核心的生活技能培训加同伴教育和单一生活技能培训2种不同的干预模式,干预活动持续1个学年。通过干预前后电脑问卷调查评价干预效果。结果:与基线调查时相比,干预后干预组对象的生殖健康风险(发生妊娠、感染性病和艾滋病)认知、避孕套使用的收益认知和避孕方法选择的自我效能上升,避孕套使用的障碍认知则下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而对照组的变化不明显。以基线和终线2次调查对象的生殖健康认知(即风险认知、收益认知、障碍认知和自我效能)评分为应变量,拟合重复测量资料的混合效应模型显示,在调整了其它可能的混杂因素后,组别与时间的交互作用项在4个模型中都有统计学意义(P<0.05),提示生活技能培训可提高职校生的生殖健康风险与避孕相关认知。2种干预模式(生活技能培训加同伴教育与单一生活技能培训)的作用仅在避孕套使用的收益认知上有差异。结论:生活技能培训可有效提高职校生的生殖健康认知,可以作为对年轻人进行性相关问题教育的一种重要方法。  相似文献   

4.
目的:探讨接触媒体性信息与上海地区未婚大学生性观念和性行为的关联。方法:本研究数据来源于"河内、上海和台北3城市15~24岁青少年生殖健康状况调查"(2006~2007年),调查采用匿名电子问卷,本文仅对其中2 062例大学生调查样本开展分析。结果:有91%以上的大学生从传统媒体(电视/广播/录像、书刊/报纸)获取过性相关信息;分别有81%和61%的男、女大学生从网络了解过性相关信息;73%和25%的男、女大学生看过黄色录像/书刊。从网络获取性相关信息较多的和看过黄色录像/书刊的对象对婚前亲密行为的态度更为宽容;从网络了解性相关信息较多的和看过黄色录像/书刊的男性对象发生婚前性行为的可能性较大;看过黄色录像/书刊与女大学生的婚前性行为呈正相关。结论:从媒体获取性相关信息和看黄色录像/书刊与大学生对婚前性行为的开放态度及婚前性行为有统计学关联。  相似文献   

5.
目的:了解中学生接触不同类型媒体性相关信息的情况及其对性与生殖健康知识的影响。方法:在上海市某区6所中学随机抽取1 403名中学生进行匿名电子问卷调查。结果:调查对象平均每日接触各类媒体的时间中位数和四分位数间距分别为190.2 min和107.1-342.9 min,其中在网络上花费时间最多;对象从不同媒体获取过性相关信息的比例不同,排在前3位的媒体是电视、电影、网络,获取的性相关信息主要为生理卫生知识,其次为处理恋爱/婚姻/家庭关系;19%左右的调查对象接触过色情信息。多因素分析结果显示,从电视、电影或网络获取过性相关信息、接触过色情信息的调查对象,其性与生殖健康知识得分较高;电视、电影或网络对中学生性与生殖健康知识的影响程度仅次于学校性教育;从小说/书/期刊/杂志、报纸获取过性相关信息与对象性与生殖健康知识之间无统计学关联。结论:电视、电影或网络是中学生获取性与生殖健康知识的重要途径,也是中学生性与生殖健康知识水平的影响因素。  相似文献   

6.
为应对地震等突发性重大自然灾害,强化培养箱的驱动电线,增设培养箱台架的固定支柱,以增强耐震性。同时采取红外线监控、扩充防灾用品、扩充食物储备的等措施。对于胚胎的培养,完善胚胎培养信息的电子化管理进程,可避免或减少自然灾害及人为造成错误。  相似文献   

7.
目的:了解甘肃省县级中学高一学生对生殖健康的认知和需求。方法:在甘肃省永靖县和临泽县各选取一所高级中学作为调查点,对2所中学全体高一学生进行问卷调查。调查结束后,面向全体高一年级学生开展青春期生殖健康知识讲座,并于半年后回访。结果:调查的县级中学高一学生已基本具备一定的青春期生殖健康知识,但了解不全面,有些认识甚至是错误的。大多数调查对象认为必须加强青春期生殖健康教育;学校及家长在这方面提供的教育不能满足他们的需求。青春期生殖健康知识讲座收益明显,男、女同时授课模式较男、女分开授课模式更易为学生们所接受。结论:应加强对中学生青春期生殖健康教育。  相似文献   

8.

Study Objective

To explore parental and adolescent views on the confidential interview in the gynecologic setting and compare adolescent reported risk-taking behaviors with parental perception.

Design

Anonymous surveys were administered separately to parents/guardians and adolescents between the ages of 11 and 17 years. Information pertaining to the patient's Tanner stage and reason for visit was obtained from the provider. This first phase served as the usual care group. In the second phase of the study, surveys were again distributed after a brief educational intervention. Linear regression analysis, Wilcoxon rank sum test, and Fisher exact test were used where appropriate.

Setting and Participants

Pediatric and adolescent gynecology clinics in 2 tertiary hospitals.

Interventions

Brief educational handout on key concepts of the confidential interview.

Main Outcome Measures

Parental perception of the confidential interview and adolescent risk-taking behaviors.

Results

A total of 248 surveys were included in the final analysis, which accounts for 62 adolescent and parent/guardian pairs in each group. Most parents and adolescents reported perceived benefit to the confidential interview. However, parents were less likely to rate benefits of private time specifically for their own adolescent and less than half of the parents believed that adolescents should have access to private time in the gynecologic setting. Parents/guardians as well as adolescents feared that the confidential interview would limit the parent's ability to take part in decision-making. The low support for confidential time for their adolescent was not different in the usual care group compared with the intervention group, although there was a trend toward parental acceptance with increased adolescent age. Adolescents were consistently more likely to report more risk-taking behaviors than their parents perceived.

Conclusion

There is a discord between parental perception and adolescent reports of risk-taking behaviors. This is coupled with a lack of understanding or comfort regarding the benefits of the confidential interview among parents and adolescents who present for gynecologic care. A short educational intervention had only a modest effect on parental perceptions regarding the confidential interview.  相似文献   

9.
Study ObjectiveLatin America ranks second in adolescent birth rate globally. Teenage pregnancy often leads to adverse outcomes, affecting the health of the mother and the child in various ways. We examined the association between sexual and reproductive literacy and teenage pregnancy in Latin America.Design, Setting, Participants, Interventions, and Main Outcome MeasuresWe analyzed Demographic and Health Survey data for Honduras, the Dominican Republic, Colombia, Peru, and Guatemala. Adolescents were asked about their sexual and reproductive health and their experiences of teenage pregnancy. We measured single and recurrent pregnancy risks according to various classes of sexual and reproductive health literacy using prevalence ratios and adjusted for covariates. We estimated the burden of “preventable” single and recurrent teen pregnancy at various effectiveness levels of sexual and reproductive health literacy interventions.ResultsThe prevalence of teenage pregnancy for all 5 countries was 19.1%. A positive dose-response relationship was observed between sexual and reproductive health illiteracy and teenage pregnancy; an adolescent who reported complete sexual and reproductive health illiteracy showed 44% increased prevalence of experiencing pregnancy compared with an adolescent who reported accurate sexual and reproductive health literacy. Effective sexual and reproductive health interventions in all 5 countries was associated with 56,006 fewer single and 147,771 fewer recurrent teenage pregnancies.ConclusionSexual and reproductive health illiteracy is a risk factor for teenage pregnancy. Complete sexual and reproductive health literacy is associated with substantial reduction in teenage pregnancy in Latin America. Comprehensive sexual and reproductive health education and counseling could potentially avert a significant number of teenage pregnancies in these settings.  相似文献   

10.
目的:评价以学校为基础的家长参与式青春期健康教育项目对中学生父母家庭性教育态度和行为的影响。方法:在上海市某区6所中学开展干预研究,干预持续2个学年。通过干预前后2次问卷调查评价干预效果。结果:基线调查时,干预组和对照组父母对家庭性教育的态度或看法基本一致,二组父母在与孩子谈论性相关话题的难易程度及主动与孩子谈过异性交往问题的状况也无显著差异。终末调查时,干预组父母认为有必要开展家庭性教育的比例显著高于对照组,干预组父母报告容易与孩子谈论性相关话题及主动与孩子谈过异性交往问题的比例也较基线显著升高,特别是高中生父母。多因素分析调整了可能的影响因素后显示,干预对提高父母家庭性教育意识有一定促进作用,其效应的OR值为1.22;干预对父母家庭性教育的开展也有促进作用,其效应的OR值为1.21。结论:干预对提高父母的家庭性教育意识及促进父母家庭性教育的开展有一定促进作用。建议教育部门开展以学校为基础的家长参与式青春期健康教育活动,全面推动家庭性教育的开展。  相似文献   

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