基于虚拟样机技术的含间隙转动铰建模与动力学仿真

对基于ADAMS的含间隙转动铰虚拟样机建模方法进行阐述,并建立具有多个含间隙转动铰的平面曲柄摇杆机构虚拟样机;通过动力学仿真,分析不同连接处的含间隙转动铰元素之间的相对运动关系,对三类运动铰间隙模型的适用性进行评价.     

含间隙转动副冗余约束机构的动力学特性

运动副间隙将引起机构运动精度降低,产生振动与噪声,甚至导致机构失效。基于单个平面间隙全文的存在将导致系统增加两个自由度,对含间隙冗余约束平行四边形机构实际自由度进行分析,采用间隙铰接触碰撞模型和拉格朗日方法建立该机构动力学模型,分析了间隙值和间隙位置对机构动力学特性的影响规律。结果表明,随着转动副间隙值的增加,机构运动精度降低,同时平衡力矩的冲击特征减弱;不同位置的转动副两元素接触频率存在差异,因此间隙位置对机构振动存在影响。通过研究含间隙转动副冗余约束机构动力学特性,可以为机构运动副元素尺寸设计及加工过程提供理论指导。     

含间隙连杆机构非线性行为研究

分析了间隙铰接触的特点，指出线性弹簧阻尼模型不能满足接触边界条件并产生力突变；采用符合接触边界条件的非线性弹簧阻尼模型描述碰撞分离过程，建立了含间隙曲柄摇杆机构的动力学模型，对含间隙机构的非线性特性进行了分析和讨论，说明含间隙机构动力学行为中存在混沌现象。     

含间隙铰曲柄滑块机构中接触力计算方法对比研究

为了在开展含间隙铰多体系统动力学性能分析时选择最佳的接触力计算方法,以含间隙铰曲柄滑块机构为对象,建立了含间隙铰曲柄滑块机构多体动力学模型,针对几种接触力计算方法进行系统的对比分析.研究了不同间隙、曲柄转速和恢复系数下,接触力计算方法对曲柄滑块机构动力学性能分析的影响.结果表明,在研究径向间隙、驱动载荷和恢复系数变化对...     

含间隙柔性曲柄摇杆机构动力学分析

基于ADAMS(automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical system)的仿真软件平台,采用冲击函理论模拟间隙接触的碰撞,研究含间隙运动副柔性曲柄摇杆机构的动力学行为.轴与轴套间旋转间隙铰有三种运动状态,自由运动、碰撞和连续接触.文中主要对比刚性连杆和柔性连杆对机构运动性能的影响,考虑柔性时,应用Ansys软件取连杆的前三阶模态生成中性文件导入ADAMS进行仿真.结果显示,柔性杆对运动副接触的碰撞力有缓冲作用,同时与理想运动副状态十分接近.     

一种含间隙两转动一移动解耦并联机构混沌现象辨识

以自主提出的PU-RCRR-CRRR两转动一移动解耦并联机构为研究对象,针对虎克铰的运动副间隙,结合Lankarani-Nikravesh接触力模型与牛顿-欧拉法建立了机构动力学模型;分析了机构的动态响应,并通过Poincare映射以及最大李雅普诺夫指数对机构混沌现象予以辨识。研究结果表明,含间隙的两转动一移动解耦并联机构的动力学响应中确实存在混沌现象。     

非线性接触模型在多间隙机构混沌分析中的应用

分析了含间隙运动副副元素的碰撞分离过程,指出线性弹簧阻尼模型不能满足接触边界条件并产生力突变;采用符合接触边界条件的非线性弹簧阻尼模型描述碰撞分离过程,并通过实例分析了模型积分求解方法;建立了多间隙曲柄摇杆机构的动力学模型,对含间隙机构的非线性特性进行了分析和讨论,说明多间隙机构动力学行为中存在混沌现象。     

弹性连杆机构冲击副润滑特性研究

弹性机构铰接副处过大间隙的存在将严重地影响了机器的动态性能。正因如此 ,采用间隙机构中常用的牛顿二阶段运动模型 ,引入两套广义坐标 ,对含间隙弹性平面连杆机构的副间分离与碰撞过程建立比较简洁易懂且全面反映间隙铰动态特性的动力学模型 ,计入了刚弹耦合作用及间隙对杆件弹性变形的影响 ,并考虑曲柄非匀速运转情况 ,利用该模型 ,引入挤压油膜阻尼器被动控制技术 ,通过算例 ,对比分析了理想铰、间隙铰、挤压油膜铰对弹性机构的动态特性的影响。分析结果表明 ,挤压油膜阻尼器被动控制间隙机构是可行的。因此 ,为含间隙机构未来领域的研究提供了一个新思路。     

应用计算机绘制的线图设计平面四杆急回机构

设计具有急回性质的曲柄摇杆机构和曲柄滑块机构,传统方法是解析法或几何作图法。本文提出了应用计算机绘制的线图进行设计的新方法,设计人员可以在线图中直接查得设计结果。一、极点法的两个结论 1.曲柄摇杆机构中,摇杆C(?)在极位时,连杆B(?)两相应位置的绝刈转动极点P,一定在曲柄固定铰A点的轨迹圆上。且圆心O、极点P和摇杆固定铰D,均在该轨迹圆的同一直径上(参见图1)。 2.曲柄摇杆机构中,曲柄活动铰在第一位置时的B_1点一定在以(?)_1(?)为直径的圆上。而第二位置时的B_2点一定在以(?)_2(?)为直径的圆上(参见图1)。     

混合运动副间隙对六杆机构动力学特性的影响

以牛头刨床六杆机构为研究对象,考虑机构中的2个移动副和除驱动转动副以外的4个转动副都为含间隙的运动副,使用ADAMS分析软件对理想无间隙的六杆机构、只含转动副间隙的六杆机构、只含移动副间隙的六杆机构以及含上述混合间隙的六杆机构进行动力学仿真,将4种情况中的六杆机构仿真数据进行对比,从而明确了混合运动副间隙对于六杆机构相关动力学参数及特性的影响机制。结果表明:运动副间隙的数量和类型均增加的混合运动副间隙降低了六杆机构的稳定性以及运动精度,导致机构出现了高频率的振荡,最终削弱了六杆机构的动力学性能,但其在一定程度上反而可抑制移动副间隙造成的机构的振荡。     

Effects of restitution coefficient and material characteristics on dynamic response of planar multi-body systems with revolute clearance joint

To study the effects of restitution coefficient and material parameters on the dynamic characteristics of planar multi-body systems with revolute clearance joints, a comprehensive methodology for clearance revolute joints in a planar multibody system is presented and analyzed. A new nonlinear contact force model, which accounts for the axial length of bearing and has a wide suitable range of impact situation, is presented to evaluate the contact force between journal and bearing. Furthermore, a modified Coulomb friction force model also presented to consider the effect of friction in clearance joint. Then, a typical journal-bearing model and a planar slider-crank mechanism has revolute clearance joint are used as examples. From the main numerical results under the different restitution coefficient and material parameters, it can be concluded that coefficient of restitution has significant effects on dynamic response of multi-body systems with revolute clearance joint. Additionally, materials of journal and bearing with smaller Young’s modulus will cause obvious delay on dynamic response of multi-body systems.     

Dynamic analysis of planar mechanical systems with clearance joints using a new nonlinear contact force model

We investigated the dynamic behavior of planar mechanical systems with clearance joints. First, the contact effect in clearance joint was studied using a new nonlinear contact force model, and the rationality of this model was verified by the results of numerical simulations, which are based on a journal and bearing contact model. Then, the dynamic characteristics of a planar slider-crank mechanism with clearance were analyzed based on the new nonlinear contact force model, and the friction effect of clearance joint was also considered using modified Coulomb friction model. Finally, the numerical results of the influence of clearance size on the acceleration of slider are presented, and compared with the published experimental results. The numerical and experimental results show that the new nonlinear contact force model presented in this paper is an effective method to predict the dynamic behavior of planar mechanical system with clearance joints, and appears to be suitable for a wide range of impact situations, especially with low coefficient of restitution.     

Dynamic behaviour analysis of planar mechanical systems with clearance in revolute joints using a new hybrid contact force model

In this study, the dynamic behaviour of planar mechanical systems including revolute joints with clearance is investigated using a computational methodology. The contact model in revolute joint clearance is established using a new nonlinear continuous contact force model, which is a hybrid contact force model, and the friction effect is considered using modified Coulomb friction model. And then, the dynamic characteristics of planar mechanical system with revolute joint clearance are analysed based on the new contact model. Numerical results for two simple planar mechanisms with revolute clearance joints are presented and discussed. The correctness and validity of the new contact force model of revolute joint clearance is verified through the demonstrative application examples. Clearance size and friction effect are analysed separately. The numerical simulation results show that the proposed contact force model is a new method to predict the dynamic behaviour of planar mechanical system with clearance in revolute joints.     

Dynamic and motion consistency analysis for a planar parallel mechanism with revolute dry clearance joints

The aim of the research was to introduce a methodology for dynamic response and motion consistency research on multibody system with multiple revolute clearance joints. An improved impact force model and a modified friction force model were introduced to evaluate the effects of impact and friction in clearance joints. A planar parallel mechanism which has two clearance joints in the left wing and the right wing was also used as an example. From the results based on different conditions, clearance has slight influence on the angular displacement and angular velocity, but obvious effect on angular acceleration. And with same clearance values of left wing and right wing, the motion consistency of the parallel mechanism is very good, which means the dynamic response of two wings is almost symmetrical. When the two clearance joints have different clearance values, the motion consistency and relative error between two wings are much obvious, especially the angular acceleration.     

Reduction of the joint clearance effect for a planar flexible mechanism

When the operating speed of mechanical systems is increased, unpredictable dynamic problems are induced due to joint clearances and link elasticity. To solve these problems, quantitative prediction of the effects of joint clearance and link flexibility on the system is needed. This study has two principal objectives. The first is to develop a design method for eliminating the loss of contract at joints with clearance. The method utilizes three dimensionless parameters which govern the dynamic behavior at the instance when contact loss is predicted. These parameters are determined to maintain joint contacts throughout the operating cycle. The links in this mechanism are assumed to be rigid. The second objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the flexibility of the links. Using a finite element method, we found that link flexibility decreases the possibility of contact loss as well as the impact force at joints with clearance.     

锌基阻尼合金在含间隙机构振动控制中的应用

提出了用锌基阻尼合金材料作为构件实现含间隙弹性机构振动控制的方法。采用符合接触边界条件的非线性弹簧阻尼模型描述碰撞分离过程,建立了多间隙平面连杆机构的动力学模型;用二次曲线函数拟合实验所得锌基阻尼合金的损耗因子随应变变化的规律,由等效粘性阻尼理论,给出了一种依赖于应变和频率的非线性阻尼本构关系式;推导出了含间隙弹性连杆机构单元运动微分方程和系统运动弹性动力学方程。计算结果说明锌基阻尼合金材料应用于含间隙弹性机构的振动控制中是可行的。     

考虑杆件柔性的间隙机构系统磨损分析

基于机械系统动力学分析软件ADAMS建立了含多间隙曲柄滑块机构的动力学模型,利用冲击函数理论模拟间隙处的接触碰撞作用,详细研究了构件柔性和铰链间隙对机构系统动力学特性的影响,并应用Archard磨损模型对间隙运动副的磨损进行了预测。当考虑杆件柔性时,应用ANSYS程序创建连杆的有限元模型,取连杆的前五阶模态导入ADAMS中建立含柔性连杆的多间隙机构动力学模型并进行动力学仿真计算,结果发现,考虑杆件柔性时的间隙机构系统动态行为在很大程度上趋于理想机构,在曲柄转动一个周期的过程中间隙运动副除在几个特定的位置处发生了较大的碰撞外,轴销与轴套均保持连续接触,且预测所得的磨损量也较小。     

考虑关节间隙的五杆机构动力学建模

利用含间隙关节元素之间的几何关系建立了该机构的间隙模型,写出了该机构的位置方程并对其进行了运动学分析,采用连续接触碰撞力模型描述了该机构间隙副的法向接触力,并以修正的Coulomb摩擦力模型建立了该机构的间隙副的切向接触力,利用第二类拉格朗日方程建立了该机构含间隙副的完整动力学模型,并结合ADAMS动力学仿真软件分析了运动副间隙对该机构动态特性的影响。为该机构的间隙补偿与控制策略提供了理论依据。     

含间隙的变拓扑多体系统动力学建模分析

分析了含间隙多体系统的变拓扑结构特性,引入了基本约束变结构约束概念。在动力学建模中将系统拓扑结构的变化表示为含间隙处约束关系的变化,即变结构约束的增加与删除,给出了拓扑结构切换点的识别方程,建立了含间隙多体系统动力学的广义模型,对典型含间隙系统进行了仿真研究,验证了本理论模型的正确性。