红外光谱法测定三唑锡中三环锡

三唑锡中三环锡含量大于等于10%时,以三环锡的红外特征吸收峰强度来直接测定三环锡;当三唑锡中三环锡含量小于10%时,以三唑锡的红外特征吸峰强度来测定三唑锡含量,再以衍生化法气相色谱测定得出的三唑锡和三环锡总量计算出三环锡含量.测定三环锡方法RSD为0.33%,回收率在100.1%-101.7%之间,测定三唑锡方法RSD为0.12%,回收率在100.6%-101.6%之间.     

IR-UV联合法测定固相微萃取涂层中单体含量

合成了作为固相微萃取涂层的苯乙烯-丙烯酸丁酯-乙烯基三乙氧基硅氧烷三元共聚物。采用红外光谱(IR)和紫外光谱(UV)相结合的方法测定了聚合物中苯乙烯和丙烯酸丁酯的含量。由IR法测得样品中二者的摩尔比。采用双波长紫外光谱法测得苯乙烯的含量。由苯乙烯与丙烯酸丁酯的摩尔比及苯乙烯的含量得出样品中丙烯酸丁酯含量,进而得出乙烯基三乙氧基硅氧烷的含量。苯乙烯与丙烯酸丁酯的摩尔比测定的外标曲线方程为A_r=0.114m_r+0.032,相关系数r2=0.999 3;苯乙烯含量测定的标准曲线方程为ΔA=0.078 6c+0.081 2,相关系数r2=0.998 9。苯乙烯含量测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.41%,加标回收率为97.8%～104.0%;丙烯酸丁酯含量测定的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.39%,加标回收率为97.1%～99.6%。     

红外光谱法测定固相微萃取新型吸附质中单体的摩尔比

以丙烯酸丁酯和苯乙烯为单体 ,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂 (用量为wt 0 3% ) ,醋酸丁酯和甲苯作混合溶剂 ,溶剂用量与单体混合物的体积相同 ,采用溶液聚合的方法合成了一种新型固相微萃取吸附质 (苯乙烯 丙烯酸丁酯共聚物 )。以朗伯 比耳定律为依据 ,通过一系列的推导过程 ,得出了共聚物中两种官能团的吸收值比与共聚物中两种单体摩尔比的线性关系式A1 /A2 =kn1 /n2 。采用红外光谱法测定聚合物中两种官能团的吸收值比 ,再通过外标曲线法确定了共聚物中两种官能团的吸收值比 (y)与共聚物中两种单体的摩尔比 (x)的线性回归方程 y =0 136 2 0 0 84 1x。方法的精密度RSD(% ) =2 4 6 4 ,方法的回收率为 92 89%～10 3 94 %。红外光谱法测定作为固相微萃取新型吸附质的苯乙烯与丙烯酸丁酯共聚物中单体的摩尔比是一种快速准确的分析方法     

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定藤黄中6种重金属含量

采用微波消解法消解中药藤黄,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定Mn、Cu、Fe的含量,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定Cr、Cd、Pb的含量,各元素测定相对标准偏差在0.99%-2.490之间,回收率在92.0%-102.0%之间,测定结果表明中药藤黄中的Mn、Cu、Fe、Cd、Pb元素含量分别为65.7、2.37、48.5、0.012...     

红枣中微量元素含量的测定

用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定了红枣中K、Ca、Mg、Cu、Mn、Zn、Fe等7种微量元素的含量.实验方法加入标准样回收率在99.4%-105.2%之间,RSD在0.4%-1.3%之间,分析结果令人满意.红枣中含有丰富的微量元素,其含量由高到低的排列顺序为:Fe、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Mn、Cu,说明红枣具有很高的营养价值.     

维药“比也”中总黄酮及微量元素含量的分析

用紫外可见分光光度法测定维药"比也"(榅桲)中的总黄酮含量,并用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了K,Na,Ca,Fe,Cu,Co,Zn,Mn,Mg等9种元素含量.测定结果表明:"比也"(榅桲)中总黄酮量为3.87%,平均回收率为97.1%,RSD值为2.6%,并含有丰富的人体必需的微量元素,其中Na,K,Ca,Mg的含量更显著.微量元素测定方法的回收率在95.2%-104.1%之间,RSD值在0.42%-2.2%之间.通过本实验为榅桲的进一步研究和综合开发利用提供了新的科学依据.     

FAAS法测定苦杏仁和甜杏仁中的13种金属元素

采用硝酸、高氯酸(V/V=4/1)常压微沸条件下消解苦杏仁和甜杏仁样品,火焰原子吸收法测定苦杏仁和甜杏仁中的金属元素:Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni、Pb、Cr的含量,研究了测定不同元素仪器的最佳工作条件、方法的准确度和精密度.结果表明:苦杏仁中Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Na、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni和Pb的含量分别为11.756,1614.167,5153.191,238.478,97.668,274.836,16.844,546.316,9.952,3.474,5.979,2.143μg·g-1Cr未检出,方法回收率(n=9)在97.32%-102.57%之间,RSD(n=9)在0.14%-2.22%之间;甜杏仁中Mn、Ca、K、Mg、Ni、Zn、Cu、Fe、Co、Cd、Ni和Pb的含量分别为6.622,1937.503,8663.824,216.956,257.546,77.961,12.483,372.183,7.990,3.666,2.268,3.214μg·g-1Cr未检出,方法回收率(n=9)在97.23%-102.43%之间,RSD(n=9)在0.47%-2.14%之间.该法快速,简单,准确度和精密度均较高,能达到分析要求.     

ICP-AES测定中药黄连中微量元素

以HNO3-H2O2体系湿法消解黄连,在确定的ICP-AES条件下测定其中的Ca、Cu、Fe、Mg、Mn、Zn元素含量.结果表明该方法相对标准偏差为2.4%-6.6%,回收率在92.5%-103.9%之间.湿法消解和ICP-AES测定黄连中6种微量元素,方法简便可靠.     

文具中可溶性铅和镉的测定

采用火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了学生文具中可溶性铅、镉的含量.铅在0.00-10.00μg·mL-1之间,镉在0.00-4.00μg·mL-1之间具有良好的线性关系.方法的RSD≤4.13%.回收率在93.7%-104.5%之间.方法快速简便,结果准确,可用于文具中可溶性铅、镉含量的监测.     

ICP-AES同时测定人参中多种微量元素

研究了人参中多种微量元素的ICP-AES同时测定,方法简便,采用混合酸消化,测得结果的准确度在2.24%-8.82%,精密度在1.37%-8.48%之间,回收率在92.3%-102.1%之间,是检测人参中微量元素有效的分析手段.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.