（急）In2O3-CuO的制备及其光活化下的室温甲醛气敏性能

以InCl3.4H2O和Cu(NO3)2.3H2O为原料,尿素为沉淀剂,采用水热法制备In2O3-CuO复合材料。通过微观结构表征和宏观气敏特性相关联,探究紫外光活化In2O3-CuO复合材料的气敏性能与传感机制。研究结果表明,In2O3-CuO复合材料在375 nm 紫外光照射室温（25℃）条件下对50 ppm甲醛气体的灵敏度为298,与纯In2O3（2.4）相比灵敏度提高124倍,气敏性能的巨大提升归因于In2O3与CuO形成的p-n异质结,协同光活化条件下异质结界面产生的光生电子-空穴与氧物种（O2和O2-）间建立了氧的光活化吸附－解吸循环,使得室温下材料的气体吸附－解吸过程和表面反应增强。为光敏材料的应用和室温气体传感材料的设计提供了新的策略。     

Al2O3和Cr2O3对镁质材料高温蠕变性能的影响

以电熔镁砂为主要原料,研究了添加剂α-Al2O3和Cr2O3的加入量及加入形式对镁质材料高温蠕变性能的影响,还研究了在加入3%Cr2O3的基础上添加不同形式的Al2O3对镁质材料高温蠕变性能的影响。研究结果表明:随着Al2O3含量的增加,镁质材料的抗高温蠕变性能增强;添加3%Cr2O3的镁质材料其抗蠕变性能优于热风炉上使用的低蠕变高铝制品。     

Bi2O_3－Fe_2O_3系陶瓷材料的气－湿－温多功能特性

利用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）分析了烧结温度及Ｂｉ／Ｆｅ比对Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３系物相组成的影响。初步探讨了材料的导电类型、气敏性能及阻－湿特性，结果表明Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３系有可能作为一种气－湿－温多功能敏感材料体系     

Rapidly fabricating Y2O3 transparent ceramics at low temperature by SPS with mesoporous powder

Fine-grained and dense highly transparent Y₂O₃ ceramics have been successfully prepared using high sintering activity mesoporous Y₂O₃ powders without any additive by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The influences of the sintering temperature on microstructure, density, optical, and mechanical properties of SPS-sintered Y₂O₃ ceramics were studied in detail. As results, the optimal Y₂O₃ ceramics with high relative density of 99.90% and fine average grain size of 140 nm were obtained at a low sintering temperature of 1140°C and a moderate load pressure of 60 MPa for 5 min. Meanwhile, the dense Y₂O₃ ceramics with 1 mm thickness after annealing show a high linear transmittance of 78% (close to 94% of the theoretical value) at 2.4–3 µm wavelength. In additions, the Vickers hardness and fracture toughness of samples can reach 8.48 GPa and 1.45 MPa m^1/2, respectively. This result proves that the high activity of mesoporous Y₂O₃ is considered to be an important means for preparing high-performance fine Y₂O₃ ceramics at low sintering temperature.     

气体传感器材料——In2O3纳米线的制备与表征

采用物理气相沉积法,以纯铟粒为原料,在980℃下Si(100)基片上通过改变气流成分制备了一系列氧化铟纳米线,并采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜对其形貌和结构进行了表征.试验表明,随着氩气中氢气含量增加,纳米线的产量降低,10%的含氢量最优.纳米线的直径在50～100nm之间,长度可达几十微米.纳米线的结构是方铁锰矿体心立方单晶结构.纳米线的生长符合VLS模型,铟起到了自催化的作用.     

Cr2O3-Al2O3-ZrO2高铬制品

介绍了Cr2O3-Al2O3-ZrO2制品的组成及各组成的作用、烧成气氛、制品的显微结构特征和性能指标.着重论述了影响制品性能的烧成工艺和以电熔、烧结两种Cr2O3颗粒生产的Cr2O3-Al2O3-ZrO2制品的显微结构差异,表明在还原气氛下烧成的Cr2O3-Al2O3-ZrO2制品性能优良,而采用电熔Cr2O3料生产的Cr2O3-Al2O3-ZrO2制品性能优于使用烧结Cr2O3料生产的.     

In2O3基纳米材料气敏性能研究综述

In2O3半导体纳米材料由于具有较高的响应灵敏度、较快的响应-恢复时间,是气敏领域的明星材料,得到了广大研究者的青睐。然而,In2O3气敏材料由于化学组份单一往往催化能力有限,气敏性能不太理想(灵敏度较低、相应的恢复时间较长、功耗较高),严重限制了其在日常生产生活中的应用。实验证明:对单一的气敏材料修饰改性可以有效提升材料的气敏性能。国内外广大研究者相继对In2O3进行了大量的研究工作并取得了显著的成果。综述了In2O3气体传感器最新的研究进展,对近几年In2O3半导体纳米材料发展存在的问题及改性方法进行概括,并对以后的发展进行了展望。     

In_2O_3纳米陶瓷纤维无纺布的静电纺丝制备及气敏特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法结合静电纺丝技术制备了直径20~60 nm的超细氧化铟(In2O3)纳米陶瓷纤维及纳米陶瓷纤维无纺布。采用XRD,IR,SEM,HR-TEM,TGA等分析方法对纳米纤维的形貌和显微结构进行了表征,并研究了其气敏特性。由700℃下煅烧的该超细In2O3纳米纤维所制备的气敏元件具有较好的反应和选择性,对甲醛气体表现出较快的响应和恢复速度。     

SnO_2/In_2O_3纳米材料的制备及其吸附-光催化性能研究

采用水热法制备了一系列不同SnO2/In2O3比例的光催化剂,应用X射线粉末衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对其微观形貌和晶型进行了分析,通过紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)评价了复合材料对甲基橙(MO)溶液的吸附性能及催化活性,考察了Sn/In比例值对SnO2/In2O3样品吸附性能及光催化性能的影响。结果表明:当Sn与In摩尔比为2∶1时,对MO的吸附性能和催化性能最好。     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米In2O3粉末

以InCl3·4H2O为原料,经水解、胶溶、凝胶、煅烧得到了纳米级In2O3.利用XRD,TEM,TG-DTA等测试手段对纳米级In2O3的晶粒生长过程进行了研究.计算表明:随着煅烧温度的升高,平均晶粒度增大,而平均晶格畸变率则随着平均晶粒度的增大而减少.表明粒子越小,晶格畸变率越大,晶粒发育越不完整.应用相变理论计算得温度低于500℃煅烧1h,晶粒生长活化能为4.75kJ·mol-1,高于600℃时,晶粒生长活化能为66.40kJ·mol-1.TEM分析表明:加入适量形貌控制剂,可使颗粒的粒径和形貌得到很大改善.     

低温合成高铬烧结料

通过对高纯氧化铬的烧结温度和烧结气氛以及保温时间的实验研究 ,利用复合覆盖剂的方式 ,确定了无反应层高铬料的最佳烧成温度为 15 5 0℃保温 1h ,其相对密度可达 97%以上。     

Facile synthesis of TiO2-supported Al2O3 ceramic hollow fiber substrates with extremely high photocatalytic activity and reusability

TiO₂ oxide was deposited on a microstructured α-Al₂O₃ ceramic hollow fiber substrate by a simple one-step solution-immersion process with tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a binder. The effects of the starting coating solution's composition on the photocatalytic properties of TiO₂ powders deposited on a substrate was determined by using TiO₂-supported Al₂O₃ ceramic hollow fiber substrates fabricated from coating solutions with different compositions and examining the substrates' effect on the methylene blue (MetB) degradation reaction under ultraviolet light. A strong correlation was observed between the initial coating solution compositions and the final photocatalytic characteristics of the TiO₂-supported Al₂O₃ ceramic hollow fiber substrates. Under optimal conditions, the MetB removal efficiency reached about 91% in a few minutes. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest and most rapidly attained MetB removal efficiency reported for TiO₂-supported Al₂O₃ ceramic hollow fiber substrates. Furthermore, apart from attaining an extremely high photocatalytic activity within minutes, the fabricated TiO₂-supported Al₂O₃ ceramic hollow fiber substrates exhibited high photocatalytic stability even after several cycles.     

添加SiC对高温下铝铬体系中铬价态的影响

以电熔白刚玉,α-Al2O3和Cr2O3为原料,分别加入质量分数为0、12%、15%、18%、21%和24%的防氧化剂SiC均匀混合,研究了处理温度(1400℃、1450℃、1500℃和1550℃)和SiC的加入量对铬价态的影响。结果发现当SiC含量>18%时,铬价态的变化(从 3价到 6价)能够得到有效的抑制;在18%的SiC存在的条件下,试样在1550℃处理3h后,Cr2O3的铬元素全部以(AlxCr1-x)2O3固溶体和Cr3C2等形式存在,这两种产物能够在降低气孔的同时提高试样的高温力学性能。     

Na2O-Al2O3-Fe2O3系烧结过程中铝、铁的反应行为

以Al2O3, Fe2O3和Na2CO3为原料,对Na2O-Al2O3-Fe2O3系烧结过程中的反应行为进行了详细研究. 基于溶出率与时间、温度的关系,证明Na2O×Al2O3和Na2O×Fe2O3的生成反应动力学都服从Zhuralev-Lesokin-Tempelman模型,表观活化能分别为186.59和80.92 kJ/mol,表明Na2O×Fe2O3比Na2O×Al2O3在动力学上更易形成;Al2O3易与Na2O×Fe2O3反应形成Na2O×Al2O3和Fe2O3,在1273 K烧结30 min,所得熟料Al2O3溶出率达98.51%;Fe2O3对Na2O×Al2O3的形成有双重作用,在1273 K下可加速Na2O×Al2O3的形成,超过1323 K,促使Na2O×Al2O3分解成Na2O和b-Al2O3,且随着温度升高或时间延长,分解程度增高,从而导致熟料中Al2O3溶出率显著降低.     

Cr2O3微粉加入量对Al2O3-Cr2O3质耐火材料性能的影响

以电熔铬刚玉和白刚玉为主要原料,用Cr₂O₃微粉部分替代电熔铬刚玉细粉,研究了Cr₂O₃微粉加入量对Al₂O₃-Cr₂O₃质耐火材料常温和高温性能、物相组成和显微结构的影响。结果表明,随着Cr₂O₃微粉加入量的增加,原位形成了(Al_1-xCr_x)₂O₃固溶体,促进了烧结,材料的显气孔率先降低后升高,且(Al_1-xCr_x)₂O₃固溶体的晶格常数呈线性增加,符合Vegard定律。材料的常温抗折强度和常温耐压强度随Cr₂O₃微粉加入量的增加先升高后降低,在Cr₂O₃微粉加入量为15%(质量分数)时强度达到最大值。而当Cr₂O₃微粉加入量为20%(质量分数)时,由于有挥发现象,材料显气孔率上升,强度下降。材料高温抗折强度随Cr₂O₃微粉加入量的增加而增加,材料的残余强度保持率呈先降低后升高的趋势。     

煅烧温度对Nd:Y_2O_3粉体的影响

采用共沉淀法,分别在并加和正加反应条件下,先驱沉淀物经不同温度、不同时间下煅烧形成Y2O3粉体,利用XRD等测试手段对粉体进行表征。实验结果表明,在不同的煅烧温度下,正加时选择900℃×0.5h,能得到结晶效果良好的Y2O3粉体。     

Cr_2O_3对PbO－Bi_2O_3－B_2O_3玻璃颜色及析晶性能的影响

Ｃｒ_２Ｏ_３对ＰｂＯ－Ｂｉ_２Ｏ_３－Ｂ_２Ｏ_３玻璃颜色及析晶性能的影响郝德生（齐齐哈尔轻工学院１６１００６）ＥｆｆｅｃｔｓｏｆＴｒａｃｅＣｒ２Ｏ３ｏｎＣｏｌｏｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＮｕｃｌｅａｔｉｏｎｏｆＰｂＯ－Ｂｉ２Ｏ３－Ｂ２Ｏ３ＧｌａｓｓＳｙｓｔｅｍ...     

R2O-RO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2系统在骨质瓷中的应用

实验采用正交实验法和对比实验，通过对R2O-RO-AlO3-B2O3-SiO2系统的成釉机理分析及熔融特性、熔体的粘度和表面张力等性能的测试，探讨了该系统在骨质瓷中的应用。     

Y2O3-Bi2O3可见光催化降解甲基橙

采用固相合成法制备了Y<,2>O<,3>-Bi<,2>O<,3>复合可见光催化剂,用XRD、DRS对复合催化剂进行了表征.以甲基橙为模拟废水,在日光色镝灯光照下,研究了废水浓度、催化剂投加量、温度、pH等对Y<,2>O<,3>-Bi<,2>O<,3>光催化活性的影响.实验结果表明:在甲基橙质量浓度为20 mg/L、Y<...     

Preparation and characterization of Pb(Lu1/2Nb1/2)O3–Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ternary ferroelectric ceramics with high phase transition temperatures

To explore new relaxor‐PbTiO₃ systems for high‐power and high‐temperature electromechanical applications, a ternary ferroelectric ceramic system of Pb(Lu_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–Pb(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–PbTiO₃ (PLN–PIN–PT) have been investigated. The phase structure, dielectric, piezoelectric, and ferroelectric properties of the as‐prepared PLN–PIN–PT ceramics near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) were characterized. A high rhombohedral‐tetragonal phase transition temperature T_R‐T of 165°C and a high Curie temperature T_C of 345°C, together with a good piezoelectric coefficient d₃₃ of 420 pC/N, were obtained in 0.38PLN–0.20PIN–0.42PT ceramics. Furthermore, for (0.8?x)PLN–0.2PIN–xPT ceramics, the temperature‐dependent piezoelectric coefficients, coercive fields and electric‐field‐induced strains were further studied. At 175°C, their coercive fields were found to be above 9.5 kV/cm, which is higher than that of PMN–PT and soft P5H ceramics at room temperature, indicating PLN–PIN–PT ceramics to be one of the promising candidates in piezoelectric applications under high‐driven fields. The results presented here could benefit the development of relaxor‐PbTiO₃ with enhanced phase transition temperatures and coercive fields.